Radiation Physics and Instruments - Lecture 1

<p>Neutral charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.672 x 10^-27 kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As mostly empty space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrons have a negative charge opposite to protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Like stars in the galaxy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alpha particle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionizing Radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radio waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>938 MeV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rad (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultraviolet (UV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To calculate the intensity of radiation at a distance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.000548 amu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation intensity or exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visible light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microwaves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rad (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unit representing radiation dose received by the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of protons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A = Z + N (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different atomic masses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relative mass of atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They carry a negative charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unique atom of a specific element (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12 unified atomic mass units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gray (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100 ergs/g (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Curie (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The weighted absorbed dose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.01 Sv (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.24 mSv (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 Gy = 100 rad (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Energy travelling through space, like sunlight, that delivers energy, light, heat, and can cause suntans.

Higher-energy radiation that can damage matter, especially living tissue, and is used in medicine.

Smallest component of an element; composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Positively charged particle found in the atom's nucleus.

Neutral particle found in the atom's nucleus.

Negatively charged particle found orbiting the nucleus.

The central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Particles found in the atom's nucleus (protons and neutrons).

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.

Each unique atom with a specific combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus

Central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons.

Relative unit of measurement for atomic mass.

A way to represent an atom using its mass number, chemical symbol, and atomic number.

A unit of mass used to express the mass of atoms and subatomic particles, defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

A positive charge of 1.602 x 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs.

The mass of a neutron is approximately 1.0087 atomic mass units.

Electron mass is minimal compared to protons and neutrons, approximately 0.0006 amu.

The energy required to separate a particle from a system of particles or disperse all particles in a system.

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, from radio waves to gamma rays.

The distance between consecutive crests or troughs of a wave.

The number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time, measured in Hertz (Hz).

High-energy radiation capable of removing electrons from atoms, creating ions.

Radiation that does not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules.

Radiation with enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules, creating ions.

The strength of radiation, measured in units like Roentgens.

Unit of radiation exposure, measuring the intensity capable of producing ionization in air.

Unit measuring the amount of energy absorbed by a material from radiation.

The intensity of radiation decreases with the square of the distance from the source.

A traditional unit of absorbed dose, equal to 0.01 joules of energy deposited per kilogram of matter.

The SI unit of absorbed dose, representing 1 joule of energy deposited in 1 kilogram of matter.

A traditional unit of dose equivalent, used to express the quantity of radiation received by radiation workers.

The SI unit of dose equivalent, used to express the amount of biological damage done by radiation.

A traditional unit of radioactivity, representing the decay rate of a radioactive material where 3.7 * 10^10 atoms disintegrate every second.

The SI unit of radioactivity, representing one disintegration per second.

A unit of energy equal to the energy gained by a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt.

The amount of energy absorbed by a material from exposure to radiation.

The weighted absorbed dose, taking into account the type of radiation and its biological effects on different tissues.

The overall risk of biological damage from radiation exposure, considering both the amount of radiation and the sensitivity of different tissues.

A value assigned to different tissues in the body, reflecting the relative sensitivity of each tissue to radiation.