Physics: Electromagnetic Radiation and Atomic Structure

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Questions and Answers

Which statement about the core and valence electrons in the given atomic structure is correct?

The number of valence electrons is independent of the group number.
There are 2 core electrons and 6 valence electrons. (correct)
The core electrons always have more energy than valence electrons.
Valence electrons are closer to the nucleus than core electrons.

What occurs when an electron transitions from an excited state to a ground state?

No energy change occurs.
Energy is absorbed.
Energy is released. (correct)
The electron moves further from the nucleus.

How does the wavelength relate to energy in the context of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy. (correct)
Longer wavelengths correspond to higher energy.
Wavelength and energy are directly proportional.
Shorter wavelengths correspond to lower energy.

In terms of atomic structure, what is true about the distance from the nucleus?

<p>Increased distance results in decreased attraction to the nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of option A in the energy transitions is true?

<p>It has the lowest wavelength due to its high energy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Speed of Light

The constant speed at which all electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum. It's approximately 3.0 x 10⁸ meters per second.

Wavelength

The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave. It's measured in meters.

Frequency

The number of waves that pass a given point in one second. Measured in Hertz (Hz).

Energy Level Transitions: A to D

Electron transitions from a higher energy level (excited state) to a lower energy level (ground state) release energy, usually as light.

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Distance from Nucleus / Attraction

As the distance between an electron and the nucleus increases, the attractive force between them decreases.

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Study Notes

Electromagnetic Radiation

Speed of light (c): 3.0 x 10⁸ m/s
Wavelength (λ): Measured in meters
Frequency (f): Measured in Hertz (Hz)
Planck's constant (h): 6.63 x 10^-34 J⋅s
Energy (E): Measured in Joules (J)
The relationship between these variables: E = hf, and also c = λf

Atomic Structure and Energy

Core electrons: 2
Valence electrons: 6
Group 16
Electrons excited to a higher energy level and then fall back to a lower energy level releasing energy.
A higher energy level results in a shorter wavelength.
Distance from the nucleus increases so attraction decreases.

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Description

This quiz explores fundamental concepts of electromagnetic radiation, including the speed of light, wavelength, and frequency. It also covers atomic structure, focusing on electron configurations, energy levels, and the relationship between electrons and energy release. Test your understanding of these key physics principles.