Race, Health and Illness in Canada

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Questions and Answers

Which factor most significantly contributes to the increased risk of contracting and dying from COVID-19 among racialized groups?

  • Systematic disparities in healthcare access and socioeconomic factors (correct)
  • Genetic predispositions specific to racialized groups
  • Higher rates of smoking and alcohol consumption
  • Lower levels of health awareness and preventative care practices

What structural change does Hornosty suggest is required to improve healthcare in a racially and culturally diverse society?

  • Providing language interpretation services in all healthcare settings
  • Implementing mandatory cultural sensitivity training for all healthcare providers
  • Increasing the number of healthcare professionals from diverse backgrounds
  • Reforming policies and systems to address inequities and promote culturally competent care (correct)

How does racism affect health and access to care?

  • Racism has no impact on health outcomes or healthcare access.
  • Racism shapes health behaviors, increases stress, and limits access to healthcare. (correct)
  • Racism increases access to specialized medical treatments.
  • Racism only affects mental health, not physical well-being.

What is one of the main cultural barrier that leads some immigrant women to underutilize preventive health services?

<p>Cultural beliefs influencing the acceptance of services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the collection of race-based data considered important in Canada?

<p>To identify and address health disparities among different populations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best captures the meaning of social determinants of health?

<p>The economic and social conditions that influence individual and group health differences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Hornosty, what impact do cultural beliefs have on health-related behaviors?

<p>Cultural beliefs influence how people understand symptoms and seek help. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason why Black women in Canada are more likely to give birth preterm?

<p>They experience higher rates of stress and discrimination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does racism affect access to preventative health care?

<p>Racism shapes health behaviors and limits access to preventative health care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best captures the main idea regarding health and illness in the context of ethnocultural diversity?

<p>Health and illness are socially constructed and influenced by cultural factors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of understanding social determinants of health in addressing health disparities?

<p>It emphasizes the need for individualized treatment plans that address underlying social factors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cultural beliefs shape how people understand symptoms?

<p>Cultural beliefs provide a framework for interpreting symptoms and seeking help. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome when culturally appropriate care is not provided?

<p>Mistrust, miscommunication, and poorer health outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of diversity is highlighted by Peggy McIntosh's work on white privilege?

<p>The unearned advantages and benefits conferred upon individuals based on their race. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does institutional racism refer to in the context of healthcare?

<p>Systemic policies and practices within healthcare institutions that perpetuate racial inequities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the term 'racialization'?

<p>The social process by which groups come to be designated as different and subjected to differential treatment based on perceived racial characteristics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does racism influence health outcomes?

<p>It can lead to increased stress, influencing mental and physical health. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a culturally appropriate approach to healthcare?

<p>Adapting healthcare services to respect and align with patients' cultural values and beliefs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes most to the increased rates of HIV in Black communities?

<p>Systemic inequalities and barriers to healthcare. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of understanding health and illness as socially constructed concepts?

<p>Healthcare approaches must consider both biological and socio-cultural factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Racialized Groups & Health

Groups identified as non-white, facing systemic discrimination, often have increased risk.

Adhopia

Black women in the UK and US experience disproportionately high mortality rates during pregnancy and childbirth.

Hornosty

Refers to the provision of healthcare that acknowledges and respects the racial and cultural diversity of society; structural changes are needed to provide this.

Immigrant Health Variation

The health status of immigrants changes over time, and there is substantial variation among different immigrant groups.

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Institutional Racism

Systemic policies and practices that perpetuate racial inequity within institutions.

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Beyond Western Medicine

Acknowledges that some minority groups may use alternative approaches to health beyond Western medicine

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Key Concepts by Hornosty

Racism, racialization, and social exclusion.

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Addressing Health Disparities

Need to appreciate the social determinants of health, racial disparities in health outcomes; better policy needed.

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White Privilege

Unearned advantages and privileges afforded to white people based on their race in society.

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Study Notes

  • Racialized groups face a greater risk of contracting and dying from COVID-19.
  • Black women in the UK and US are more likely to die in pregnancy or childbirth.
  • Black women in Canada are more likely to give birth preterm.
  • There is a need to collect more race-based data in Canada.
  • Amin's story looks at John River, a Canadian rapper.
  • Black communities experience higher rates of HIV.
  • The provision of health care in a racially and culturally diverse society requires structural change.
  • Health and illness are socially constructed.
  • Culturally competent health care is favoured by Hornosty.
  • Racism, racialization, and social exclusion are defined by Hornosty.
  • Racism shapes health behaviours, stress levels, economic deprivation, and access to health care and preventative health care.
  • The health of immigrants varies over time.
  • Refugees face several challenges.
  • Peggy McIntosh is an academic that discusses White Privilege.
  • Institutional racism exists.
  • Culturally appropriate care is needed, according to Hornosty.
  • Cultural beliefs shape how people understand symptoms and seek help, Hornosty states.
  • Some groups have an understanding of health that goes beyond Western medicine, such as the role of spirituality.
  • Newcomer women have specific needs.
  • Cultural barriers lead some immigrant women to underutilize important health care services, such as pap smears.
  • It is important to understand:
    • Social determinants of health
    • Racial disparities in health outcomes
  • Better policy is needed to address disparities in accessing health care and health outcomes.

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