Race, Ethnicity, and Coloniality Concepts

The idea that there are inherent differences between racial groups, leading to unequal treatment and discrimination.

A system where power and authority are primarily held by men, often leading to the oppression and marginalization of women.

A social system where individuals are judged on their abilities, achievements, and efforts, rather than their background or social status.

A system of beliefs and practices that justifies racial inequality and often leads to discriminatory policies and practices.

The process of building American identity, which involved the creation of racial hierarchies and the exclusion of certain groups.

The idea that American power and democracy should not be seen as hypocritical given their historical and ongoing racism.

The tendency to view non-white ethnicities as inherently inferior, hindering their progress and opportunities.

The theory that colonialism created division and inequality among ethnic groups.

Physical characteristics like skin color and facial features that are linked to geographical ancestry. Examples include Black, White, Asian, and Hispanic.

Cultural traits like language, religion, and traditions that are unique to a group of people. Examples include Mayan, Aztec, Hutu, and Caucasian.

A concept highlighting what makes America distinct from Europe, seen as a world system based on a 'new world' different from the 'old' European world.

A system where powerful states (often European empires) rule over colonies, creating a hierarchical structure with leaders at the top and colonies at the bottom.

The process of dismantling traditional colonialism, aiming to break free from the hierarchical structures imposed by empires.

The idea that traditional colonialism did not fully end, but rather transformed into a societal hierarchy between Europeans and former colonies. This creates a sense of European superiority and societal discrimination against former colonies.

A negative mindset based on long-held stereotypes and stigmas that persists even after colonial rule ends. This mindset often leads to viewing former colonies as inferior or less capable.

The impact and lasting consequences of colonialism continue to influence modern society, despite formal independence. These impacts are often unseen and embedded within cultural and societal structures.

The persistence of colonial-era stereotypes and social inequalities even after independence, leading to ongoing prejudice and discrimination.

The belief that certain groups of people, based on their ethnicity or cultural background, are inherently inferior or superior, perpetuating existing inequalities and social hierarchies.

The idea that former colonies have to adopt modern technologies and systems from their former colonizers to achieve economic stability and advancement, leading to cultural assimilation and the rejection of their own traditions.

The way in which ethnicities are used to categorize people, impacting their social standing and influencing how they are perceived and treated.

The practice of using ethnic divisions to create hierarchies and social rankings, leading to inequality and the potential for conflict and exploitation.

The manipulation of ethnic differences to target specific groups during conflict, leading to violence and division.

The use of ethnicity as a tool to further divide and compartmentalize societies, creating a more complex and hierarchical social structure.

The question of whether the establishment of ethnic boundaries is an inevitable outcome of colonial practices, contributing to lasting social division and inequality.