Rabies Virus Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of infection is rabies classified as?

Acute infection of the central nervous system (correct)

Bacterial infection of the gastrointestinal tract

Viral infection of the peripheral nervous system

Chronic infection of the respiratory system

What is the global yearly mortality rate from rabies?

30,000 deaths

60,000 deaths

45,000 deaths (correct)

20,000 deaths

What is the typical outcome of untreated rabies infection?

Full recovery is common with early treatment

Most cases lead to fatality (correct)

Typically results in paralysis and loss of function

Symptoms usually resolve within a few days

Which system does the rabies virus primarily affect?

Central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

How is rabies most commonly transmitted?

Through bites from infected animals Signup and view all the answers

Which symptoms are NOT typically associated with the prodrome stage?

Nervousness Signup and view all the answers

During the excitement stage, what causes the increased lacrimation and salivation?

Severe spasm of throat muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of the excitement stage?

Hydrophobia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom exhibited in the prodrome stage?

Headache Signup and view all the answers

Which country has the highest mortality rate due to rabies?

India Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom shared between the prodrome and excitement stages?

Increased salivation Signup and view all the answers

What is the family classification of the rabies virus?

Rhabdoviridae Signup and view all the answers

Which species of the genus does the rabies virus belong to?

Lyssavirus Signup and view all the answers

Which country has the second highest mortality rate from rabies?

China Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is NOT in the rabies family?

Marburg virus Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT mentioned for detecting specific antibodies to rabies?

Western blotting Signup and view all the answers

Which type of specimen can be used for testing rabies antibodies?

Serum or cerebrospinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Negri bodies in the context of rabies?

They are a pathology found in infected neuronal cells. Signup and view all the answers

In which component of the nervous system are Purkinje cells primarily located?

Cerebellar cortex Signup and view all the answers

Which assay can detect specific rabies antibodies through observation of fluorescence?

Immunofluorescence assay Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosage and administration route for the HDCV in pre-exposure prophylaxis?

1 ml intramuscularly or 0.1 ml intradermally on days 0, 7, and 28 Signup and view all the answers

How often should booster doses of HDCV be administered if continuous protection is required?

Every 2 years Signup and view all the answers

On which specific days are the initial doses of HDCV administered for pre-exposure prophylaxis?

Days 0, 7, and 28 Signup and view all the answers

What volume of HDCV is given intradermally as part of the prophylaxis protocol?

0.1 ml Signup and view all the answers

Which schedule specifies the timing of booster doses for the HDCV?

Every 2 years after initial doses Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rabies Virus

Rabies is a fatal central nervous system infection.
An estimated 45,000 people die from rabies each year worldwide.
The highest mortality rates occur in India (35,000), China (6,000), and Bangladesh (2,000).
The rabies virus belongs to the Lyssavirus genus within the Rhabdoviridae family.
Prodromal stage symptoms include headache, malaise, irritability, and personality changes.
The excitement stage exhibits nervousness, over-activity, increased lacrimation and salivation, and hydrophobia due to severe throat muscle spasms during swallowing.
Specific antibodies to rabies can be detected by ELISA or immunofluorescence assays on serum or cerebrospinal fluid.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) can be used to diagnose rabies virus.
Negri bodies can be found in the cytoplasm of Purkinje cells within the cerebellar cortex.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis involves a three-dose regimen of Human Diploid Cell Vaccine (HDCV) given intramuscularly (1 ml) or intradermally (0.1 ml) on days 0, 7, and 28.
Booster doses of HDCV are recommended every two years for continued protection.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the rabies virus, a severe central nervous system infection. Explore symptoms, diagnostic methods, and prevention strategies related to this deadly disease. Learn about its epidemiology and the importance of vaccination.