Rabies

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Questions and Answers

What type of genetic material does the rabies virus possess?

dsDNA

ssRNA (correct)

dsRNA

ssDNA

Which of the following is NOT a common source of rabies in the US?

Skunks

Cats (correct)

Bats

Coyotes

How does the rabies virus progress after entering through a bite?

Attacks the immune system first

Immediately attacks the brain

Spreads through the bloodstream instantly

Multiplies at the bite site before entering nerves (correct)

What is one of the primary characteristics of rabies progression?

Very slow progression with a long incubation period Signup and view all the answers

What neurological symptom occurs first in untreated rabies progression?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of confirming rabies post-mortem?

Finding Negri bodies in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What preventive measure has the government implemented to control rabies among wild animals?

Distribution of food containing rabies vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception regarding rabies vaccination after exposure?

There is no time for vaccination after exposure Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk of rabies infection?

All mammals Signup and view all the answers

What does rabies exemplify in its nature as an infection?

Zoonosis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following mammals with their rabies risk status:

Skunks = Common rabies carriers in the US Bats = Most common source of rabies in the US Dogs = Primary rabies risk in countries without vaccination Cats = Former common source of rabies in the US Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of rabies progression with their symptoms:

Initial stage = Fever, headache, and fatigue Middle stage = Agitation and disorientation Severe stage = Paralysis and coma Final stage = Death Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rabies characteristics with their descriptions:

Zoonosis = Infection normally found in animals transmissible to humans ssRNA genome = Type of genetic material in rabies virus Helical capsid = Shape of the rabies virus structure Bullet-shaped envelope = Distinctive feature of the rabies virus Signup and view all the answers

Match the rabies facts with their implications:

Vaccination post-exposure = Possible due to slow progression of rabies Rabies diagnosis = Often confirmed at autopsy Negri bodies = Sites of virus replication in the brain Wild animal vaccination program = Government initiative for prevention Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rabies virus transmission scenarios:

Domesticated animal bites = Less common source in the US today Wild animal bites = Primary source of rabies cases now Dog bites = Major risk in countries with poor vaccination Coyote encounters = Potential rabies exposure in the wild Signup and view all the answers

Match the symptoms of rabies infection with their stages:

Hydrophobia = Middle stage symptom Fatigue = Initial stage symptom Coma = Severe stage symptom Disorientation = Middle stage symptom Signup and view all the answers

Match health responses to rabies scenarios:

Bite prevention = Avoiding wild animal encounters Post-exposure treatment = Vaccination after a suspicious bite Veterinary vaccination campaigns = Reducing domestic animal rabies risk Wildlife rabies vaccination = Protecting both animals and humans Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rabies symptoms with their order of progression:

Fever = First symptom Agitation = Second symptom Hydrophobia = Third symptom Paralysis = Final symptom Signup and view all the answers

Match the following measures with their rabies control purpose:

Veterinary vaccinations = Increase domestic animal immunity Wild animal vaccination programs = Reduce wild animal reservoirs Public health awareness = Encourage prompt medical responses Post-exposure prophylaxis = Prevent infection after bites Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rabies virus characteristics with their specifics:

Reservoir = Wild mammals in the US Transmission route = Through animal bites or scratches Symptom onset = Can take weeks to months Fatality rate when untreated = 100% Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rabies Virus

Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by a virus belonging to the rhabdovirus group.
The virus has a single-stranded RNA genome (ssRNA), a helical capsid, and a distinctive bullet-shaped envelope.
The virus is found in the saliva of infected animals.
All mammals are susceptible to rabies infection.
In the US, the main reservoir for rabies is wild mammals.

Rabies Transmission

The most common way for humans to contract rabies is through a bite from an infected animal.
Other ways of transmission include scratches, licking, and contact with contaminated saliva.
In the US, bats are the most common source of rabies.
Other common sources include skunks, coyotes, and raccoons.
In countries with weak veterinary vaccination programs, dog bites are a major source of rabies.

Rabies Progression

After entering the body through a bite, the virus multiplies at the bite site for a week.
The virus then travels through nerves to the spinal cord, brain, and salivary glands.
This progression can take weeks or months, allowing time for post-exposure treatment.

Rabies Symptoms

Initial symptoms include fever, headache, and fatigue.
As the disease progresses, symptoms can include agitation, disorientation, hydrophobia, paralysis, coma, and death.
Untreated rabies is 100% fatal.
Diagnosis often involves finding Negri bodies in the brain during autopsy.

Rabies Prevention and Treatment

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent rabies.
Post-exposure vaccination is effective if administered promptly after a bite or scratch.
The government has initiated a wild animal rabies vaccination program using food baits containing the vaccine.
The goal is to protect both wild animals and humans from rabies.

Rabies Virus

Part of the rhabdovirus group
Single-stranded RNA genome (ssRNA)
Helical capsid
Distinctive bullet-shaped envelope

Rabies Transmission

Transmissible to all mammals
Reservoir in wild mammals
Primarily transmitted through bites
US: Bats, skunks, coyotes, raccoons
Other countries: Dogs

Zoonosis

Infection normally found in animals
Transmissible to humans

Rabies Progression

Slow progression (weeks to months)
Virus multiplies at bite site for a week
Enters nerves and moves to spinal cord, brain, and salivary glands
Time for post-exposure vaccination

Symptoms

Fever, headache, fatigue
Agitation, disorientation, hydrophobia
Paralysis, coma, death

Treatment

Post-exposure vaccination available
Vaccination effective if administered before symptoms develop

Mortality

100% fatal if untreated
Diagnosis often confirmed post-mortem by finding Negri bodies in the brain

Rabies Prevention

US government vaccination programs for wild animals
Vaccine-laced food left for wild animals to consume

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Description

This quiz covers essential information about the rabies virus, including its characteristics, transmission methods, and progression in hosts. Test your knowledge on how rabies affects mammals, the common sources of infection, and the disease’s effects on humans. Perfect for biology students and anyone interested in infectious diseases.

Rabies

Podcast Beta

Questions and Answers

What type of genetic material does the rabies virus possess?

Which of the following is NOT a common source of rabies in the US?

How does the rabies virus progress after entering through a bite?

What is one of the primary characteristics of rabies progression?

What neurological symptom occurs first in untreated rabies progression?

What is the primary method of confirming rabies post-mortem?

What preventive measure has the government implemented to control rabies among wild animals?

What is a common misconception regarding rabies vaccination after exposure?

Who is at risk of rabies infection?

What does rabies exemplify in its nature as an infection?

Match the following mammals with their rabies risk status:

Match the stages of rabies progression with their symptoms:

Match the following rabies characteristics with their descriptions:

Match the rabies facts with their implications:

Match the following rabies virus transmission scenarios:

Match the symptoms of rabies infection with their stages:

Match health responses to rabies scenarios:

Match the following rabies symptoms with their order of progression:

Match the following measures with their rabies control purpose:

Match the following rabies virus characteristics with their specifics:

Study Notes

Rabies Virus

Rabies Transmission

Rabies Progression

Rabies Symptoms

Rabies Prevention and Treatment

Rabies Virus

Rabies Transmission

Zoonosis

Rabies Progression

Symptoms

Treatment

Mortality

Rabies Prevention

Studying That Suits You

Description

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