Antiviral treatment

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What is an antiviral drug?

It’s a drug that interferes with the ability of a virus to infiltrate a target cell or target different stages of replication/synthesis of components required for replication of the virus

What is the role of interferons in immune system stimulation?

They directly kill viruses
They have antiviral effects and modulate immune system functions (correct)
They act as antibiotics against bacterial infections
They inhibit antibody production

Acyclovir is primarily used to treat infections caused by which virus?

Herpesvirus

How is acyclovir activated in the body?

It requires viral enzymes in infected host cells to convert it to its active form (C) Signup and view all the answers

Acyclovir is classified as what type of drug?

A synthetic nucleoside analog of deoxyguanosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which acyclovir inhibits herpesvirus replication?

It is incorporated into the growing viral DNA strand, preventing further elongation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Match the mechanism of antiviral effects of Acyclovir

1st step: Acyclovir enters cell, ______ cleaves it to Acyclovir monophosphate = Herpes virus thymidine kinase 2nd: ____ cleaves Acyclovir monophosphate to Acyclovir diphosphate = Cellular kinase (GMPK) 3rd: _____ cleaves Acyclovir diphosphate to Acyclovir triphosphate = Cellular kinase (NDPK) Free bee = Free bee Signup and view all the answers

Why does acyclovir prevent further elongation of the viral DNA chain?

Acyclovir monophosphate lacks the attachment point for additional nucleotides (C) Signup and view all the answers

Antiviral drugs are a class of used specifically for treating _____

Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections Signup and view all the answers

Acyclovir is a ________ of viral DNA polymerase, competing with the dGTP

Competitive inhibitor Signup and view all the answers

Since the enzymes herpesvirus thymidine kinase and herpesvirus DNA polymerase are viral enzymes not found in uninfected host cells, acyclovir can’t be phosphorylated and incorporated into the host DNA. Thus, acyclovir is nontoxic to uninfected cells.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the drug Amantadine do?

Inhibits the replication of most strains of influenza A viruses by blocking the uncoating of the virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Amantadine in inhibiting viral replication?

It blocks the M2 channel, preventing protons from entering the virion and stopping RNA release (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Neuraminidase inhibitor?

It inhibits the spread of influenza A and B Signup and view all the answers

What are the drug names for neuroaminidase inhibitors?

Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neuraminidase in viral infection?

It cleaves sialic acid, allowing the virus to be released from the host cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a NRTI?

A nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of NRTI’s?

ddI , ZDV or AZT (zidovudine, azidothymidine) Signup and view all the answers

ZDV/AZT are the nucleoside analog of _____

Thymine Signup and view all the answers

How does Zidovudine (AZT) inhibit viral replication?

It competitively inhibits reverse transcriptase from binding thymine and terminates DNA synthesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

NRTI’s act as competitive inhibitors for dna polymerase to bind thymine

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of protease inhibitors in antiviral therapy?

They inhibit the cleavage of viral proteins, leading to the production of non-infectious viruses (B) Signup and view all the answers

Protease inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of which viral infection?

HIV Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of live attenuated virus vaccines?

Recombinant DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring live attenuated virus vaccine?

Cowpox virus used for smallpox immunity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of selecting cold-adapted mutants in vaccine development?

To weaken the virus so it can replicate only at lower temperatures, reducing its virulence in the human body (C) Signup and view all the answers

How are non-replicating virus vaccines different from live attenuated vaccines?

They contain inactivated whole virions or purified viral proteins that cannot replicate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of non-replicating virus vaccines?

Inactivated whole virions, purified native viral proteins, and recombinant DNA Signup and view all the answers

Antiviral treatment

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is an antiviral drug?

What is the role of interferons in immune system stimulation?

Acyclovir is primarily used to treat infections caused by which virus?

How is acyclovir activated in the body?

Acyclovir is classified as what type of drug?

What is the mechanism by which acyclovir inhibits herpesvirus replication?

Match the mechanism of antiviral effects of Acyclovir

Why does acyclovir prevent further elongation of the viral DNA chain?

Antiviral drugs are a class of used specifically for treating _____

Acyclovir is a ________ of viral DNA polymerase, competing with the dGTP

Since the enzymes herpesvirus thymidine kinase and herpesvirus DNA polymerase are viral enzymes not found in uninfected host cells, acyclovir can’t be phosphorylated and incorporated into the host DNA. Thus, acyclovir is nontoxic to uninfected cells.

What does the drug Amantadine do?

What is the mechanism of action of Amantadine in inhibiting viral replication?

What is the function of a Neuraminidase inhibitor?

What are the drug names for neuroaminidase inhibitors?

What is the role of neuraminidase in viral infection?

What is a NRTI?

What are examples of NRTI’s?

ZDV/AZT are the nucleoside analog of _____

How does Zidovudine (AZT) inhibit viral replication?

NRTI’s act as competitive inhibitors for dna polymerase to bind thymine

What is the primary function of protease inhibitors in antiviral therapy?

Protease inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of which viral infection?

Which of the following is NOT an example of live attenuated virus vaccines?

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring live attenuated virus vaccine?

What is the purpose of selecting cold-adapted mutants in vaccine development?

How are non-replicating virus vaccines different from live attenuated vaccines?

What are the three types of non-replicating virus vaccines?

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Antiviral treatment

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is an antiviral drug?

What is the role of interferons in immune system stimulation?

Acyclovir is primarily used to treat infections caused by which virus?

How is acyclovir activated in the body?

Acyclovir is classified as what type of drug?

What is the mechanism by which acyclovir inhibits herpesvirus replication?

Match the mechanism of antiviral effects of Acyclovir

Why does acyclovir prevent further elongation of the viral DNA chain?

Antiviral drugs are a class of ____ used specifically for treating _________

Acyclovir is a ________ of viral DNA polymerase, competing with the dGTP

Since the enzymes herpesvirus thymidine kinase and herpesvirus DNA polymerase are viral enzymes not found in uninfected host cells, acyclovir can’t be phosphorylated and incorporated into the host DNA. Thus, acyclovir is nontoxic to uninfected cells.

What does the drug Amantadine do?

What is the mechanism of action of Amantadine in inhibiting viral replication?

What is the function of a Neuraminidase inhibitor?

What are the drug names for neuroaminidase inhibitors?

What is the role of neuraminidase in viral infection?

What is a NRTI?

What are examples of NRTI’s?

ZDV/AZT are the nucleoside analog of _____

How does Zidovudine (AZT) inhibit viral replication?

NRTI’s act as competitive inhibitors for dna polymerase to bind thymine

What is the primary function of protease inhibitors in antiviral therapy?

Protease inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of which viral infection?

Which of the following is NOT an example of live attenuated virus vaccines?

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring live attenuated virus vaccine?

What is the purpose of selecting cold-adapted mutants in vaccine development?

How are non-replicating virus vaccines different from live attenuated vaccines?

What are the three types of non-replicating virus vaccines?

More Like This

Antiviral Treatments for Cytomegalovirus and Herpesviruses

Antiviral Treatment Options and Agents

Antiviraux et Infections Respiratoires

Viral Infections and Antiviral Treatments

Antiviral drugs are a class of used specifically for treating _____