Questionnaire Design Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is a recommended approach when asking questions about sensitive topics?

  • Ask leading questions to clarify opinions.
  • Use complex jargon to sound more professional.
  • Include opinionated language to steer responses.
  • Make them non-threatening to encourage honesty. (correct)

    • Which type of questions are more suited for exploratory research?

  • Closed-ended questions.
  • Open-ended questions. (correct)
  • Leading questions.
  • Double-barreled questions.

    • Why is it important to avoid ambiguous wording in questions?

  • To confuse respondents intentionally.
  • To create more complex surveys.
  • To guarantee all respondents interpret questions identically. (correct)
  • To ensure responses are easily comparable.

    • What is a key characteristic of closed-ended questions?

    <p>They provide uniformity in responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a leading question?

    <p>Do you think more people should support renewable energy?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of using double-barreled questions?

    <p>Difficulty in determining which part of the question was answered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should response categories for closed-ended questions ensure?

    <p>They are exhaustive and mutually exclusive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using open-ended questions?

    <p>They allow for detailed and nuanced responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of dichotomous questions?

    <p>They have two possible answers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of questions allow respondents to select multiple answers?

    <p>Multiple-Response Questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of survey question do respondents only answer if they meet certain criteria?

    <p>Contingency Questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a funnel pattern in survey design?

    <p>Broad questions are followed by more specific ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of matrix questions in surveys?

    <p>To streamline the survey format.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to group related questions in a survey?

    <p>To facilitate easier answering for respondents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of question mentioned?

    <p>Categorical Questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a contingency question?

    <p>It includes follow-up questions based on prior responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step to analyze data after identifying its level of measurement?

    <p>Data tabulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a technique for analyzing quantitative data?

    <p>Thematic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it beneficial to have two persons work together during data entry?

    <p>To ensure faster and more accurate data entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of data transformation in data management?

    <p>To convert data from one format into another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does data cleansing involve?

    <p>Double checking the entered data for accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes qualitative data analysis?

    <p>Fluid and dependent on context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step should precede formal qualitative data analysis?

    <p>Getting to know the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of observations that can be stored in Microsoft Excel?

    <p>65,000 observations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of placing easy-to-answer questions at the beginning of a questionnaire?

    <p>To serve as motivation for respondents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'response bias'?

    <p>An inclination to respond to all questions with similar answers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is pre-testing a questionnaire important?

    <p>It gathers feedback to improve clarity and effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one recommended method for testing a questionnaire?

    <p>Asking 5 to 10 individuals to complete the survey while thinking out loud.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT essential when designing a questionnaire?

    <p>A lengthy background explanation for each question.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of layout should a questionnaire ideally have?

    <p>Spread out and uncluttered for clarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one objective of conducting a survey?

    <p>To present and explain actual experiences of a target population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for gathering data in a questionnaire?

    <p>Reading the responses without asking for input.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary ethical concern associated with covert observation?

    <p>Lack of informed consent from the observed individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of overt observation?

    <p>Researchers can maintain honesty with participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of overt observation?

    <p>Participants may change their behavior due to awareness of observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does covert observation benefit researchers?

    <p>It allows access to populations that would typically not engage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does observational data primarily provide researchers?

    <p>Insight into natural settings and social dynamics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of observation raises immediate ethical issues?

    <p>Covert observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of systematic observation?

    <p>It focuses on natural situations to collect data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation would covert observation likely be required?

    <p>In research requiring participant confidentiality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of direct observation?

    <p>It captures real-time information as events occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a weakness of indirect observation?

    <p>The information can be limited based on what is observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can researcher bias impact the effectiveness of behavioral observations?

    <p>It can cause misinterpretation of data collected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is motivation inferred in behavioral observational data?

    <p>Through the frequency of active participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of behavioral observation, what is a limitation of direct observation?

    <p>It may lead to the researcher influencing the observed behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does indirect observation primarily rely on to assess behaviors?

    <p>Results or outcomes of behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a reason why seasoned professionals still experience researcher bias?

    <p>Familiarity with the subject matter can cloud judgment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is observing trash left after student lunches considered an indirect observation?

    <p>It assesses behaviors that happened in the past rather than in real time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Questionnaire Design

    • A questionnaire is a written document with questions designed to collect firsthand information for analysis
    • A well-designed questionnaire encourages accurate and complete responses, crucial for achieving the survey's objectives
    • Survey research: collecting data from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions or statements
    • Respondent: a person providing data in a survey
    • A questionnaire should be anchored on the research problem
    • A questionnaire shouldn't include every question that comes to mind
    • Likert-scale questions are best for measuring opinions or feelings
    • Avoid appealing solely to respondents' emotions when creating questions
    • Question arrangement matters; it should logically lead the respondent to provide the required information
    • Multiple-choice questions (closed-ended) are efficient for gathering data
    • Testing and revising questionnaires is essential, like fitting a tailored dress to a customer
    • Question wording is critical; keep questions short, simple, and unambiguous. Avoid leading questions or bias.

    Question Wording

    • Write short, simple questions; respondents may not fully understand complex ones, so provide clear, concise items that won't be misinterpreted
    • Avoid leading questions. This means avoid wording that steers the respondent towards a specific answer or opinion.
    • Questions should be non-threatening and should aim to elicit truthful responses
    • Avoid ambiguous language like 'usual', 'regular', or 'normal', and clearly define any special terms used
    • Make sure questions are understandable to everyone (define terms, ask questions in logical order)
    • Avoid double-barreled questions; one question should only have one concept or idea.

    Types of Questions

    • Open-ended questions allow detailed, in-depth responses. They are useful for exploration and collecting rich data
    • Closed-ended questions offer a standardized set of choices, allowing for easier data analysis. Key examples include: Likert scale, multiple choice, rating scales, ranking, dichotomous, and matrix questions.

    Testing and Revising

    • Pre-test the questionnaire with a small group from the target population to identify any ambiguities or issues with the questions.
    • Note respondent's feedback during pre-testing and modify the questionnaire accordingly.

    Methods of Gathering Data

    • Conducting a survey can occur through email, telephone, or personal interviews
    • Observation involves watching and recording behavior in a natural setting. This method can be useful when studying or recording natural behaviors
    • Experiments split participants randomly into control and experimental groups. By manipulating a variable, the researcher evaluates the effect.

    Data Analysis

    • Data analysis validates research and provides a theoretical foundation
    • Qualitative and quantitative analyses interpret data
    • Steps for preparing quantitative data include: data preparation, validation, editing, coding, and data entry.

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    Related Documents

    Survey Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the fundamental principles of designing effective questionnaires for surveys. It covers key aspects such as question types, respondent engagement, and the importance of logical arrangement to gather accurate data. Test your understanding of what makes a questionnaire successful!

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