Quantitative Research Methods
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Questions and Answers

What does Pearson r measure in research?

  • The average difference between groups
  • The relationship between two variables (correct)
  • The direction of a single variable
  • The frequency of a single variable

    • A hypothesis is a definitive answer to a research problem.

    False

    What is the conventional level of significance typically set at in empirical research?

    0.05

    Predetermined responses or choices should match the nature of the ________.

    <p>questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which section of the research paper would a researcher describe the steps for collecting data?

    <p>Materials and Procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of questions to their corresponding formats:

    <p>Recall-type question = Fill in the blank Response Scale = Likert scale Choice format = Multiple choice Truth assessment = True or false questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using structured questions in quantitative studies?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anyone can be a respondent if the sampling method is random by nature.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of research designs aims to determine how a particular characteristic affects the dependent variable?

    <p>Experimental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A valid instrument is always reliable.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must a researcher do to ensure the validity of a questionnaire primarily based on its appearance?

    <p>Conduct a face validity test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A sample size of ______ is generally considered adequate in quantitative research.

    <p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of validity with their descriptions:

    <p>Concurrent validity = Comparison with a benchmark Content validity = Relevance and coverage of the content Construct validity = Theoretical framework validation Face validity = Appearance of the instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research design is Teresa using when manipulating hay proportions in her concrete study?

    <p>Experimental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Providing instructions to respondents is unnecessary before data collection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity should be done before the actual data collection phase?

    <p>Construction of data collection tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best data gathering tool Nathan should use for his experiment on dog skin condition?

    <p>Questionnaire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The appropriate intervention for Nathan’s experiment is the administration of leaf extracts of madre de cacao.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What verb tense should be used during the proposal defense according to the guidelines?

    <p>Present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gardo aims to collect data on respondents' satisfaction towards barangay community livelihood programs for the ______.

    <p>jobless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is most suitable for Karen's study on the acceptability of her roasted chicken paksiw-sinigang fusion?

    <p>Questionnaire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of survey questions with their descriptions:

    <p>Identification = Respondents select one option from a set of choices Multiple choice = Respondents can select more than one option from a set of choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The preferred correlation test for nominal and ordinal variables is called the Pearson correlation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    This is used to show how far each of the individual datum is from the central most value (the mean) of the distribution: ______.

    <p>standard deviation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of graph is best to show the interaction between LED bulbs and natural hen laying in quail egg hatching?

    <p>Scattergram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A strong negative linear correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other decreases.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the economic implication related to using garlic clove extract?

    <p>The extract gives hope to regions where access to conventional antibiotics is limited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The relationship depicted by the graph showing height and weight of grade 6 pupils suggests a ______ linear correlation.

    <p>strong positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of Vernice's conclusion addresses the research problem?

    <p>Answer to the research problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the statements with the appropriate category regarding practical implications:

    <p>Garlic clove extract is an alternative to methicillin = Alternative treatment The extract gives hope for regions with limited access = Global healthcare The extract may address antibiotic resistance = Public health concern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is no linear correlation in the relationship depicted by a graph showing height and weight trends in grade 6 pupils.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of conclusion statement can be formed from the findings related to Filipino-American children's rice eating habits?

    <p>The conclusion statement should summarize the main findings regarding rice consumption among this demographic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is correct regarding the eating habits of Filipino-American children?

    <p>Most Filipino-American children are rice eaters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rural health units (RHUs) are receiving more clients each year.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential solution to increase client visits at rural health units?

    <p>Establish mobile clinics or online consultations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ is a non-parametric test used to compare groups of values.

    <p>Spearman rho</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the statistical methods with their descriptions:

    <p>A. Pearson r = Measures the linear correlation between two variables B. Chi square = Tests the independence of two categorical variables C. t test for independent samples = Compares means between two unrelated groups D. Standard deviation = Measures the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of respondents has more individuals who do not eat rice proportion-wise?

    <p>Males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Learners find peer tutoring ineffective in promoting better learning outcomes in physics.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can teachers effectively guide learners in the use of AI tools?

    <p>By learning how AI tools work through prolonged use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Typical dropout learners are __________ from rural barangays and low-income families.

    <p>18-year old males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main challenges of large student research groups?

    <p>Inequality in accountability &amp; work distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most ideal nature of recommendations according to the discussion?

    <p>Doable, realistic, and practical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following items with their corresponding descriptions:

    <p>A = Practical suggestions B = Realistic suggestions given the present situation C = Suggestions for the study beneficiaries to do/implement D = None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of male Filipino-American children can be described as rice eaters?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Quantitative Research

    • This test covers various aspects of quantitative research design, data collection, analysis, and report writing.
    • Multiple-choice questions assess knowledge of different research methodologies, sampling techniques, data collection tools, validity/reliability, statistical tests, and report components.

    Research Design

    • Ex post facto design explores how one characteristic/trait affects a dependent variable.
    • Experimental research involves manipulating the independent variable to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
    • Sampling in quantitative research requires representative samples, with a sample size large enough to reflect the population.
    • Stratified sampling differs from cluster sampling – the latter uses geographic or similar characteristics to select samples, while the former uses subgroups.
    • Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth item from a sampling frame, determining an appropriate sampling interval.

    Data Collection Tools

    • Quantitative research often uses structured questionnaires (easier to standardize, interpret objectively, and code).
    • Recall-type questions can be asked in various formats, including fill-in-the-blank, multiple-choice, or true/false.
    • Validity and reliability of data gathering tools are crucial; a reliable instrument is usually valid, but not always vice versa.
    • Different types of validity tests include Content, Face, Construct and concurrent validity.
    • Data collection tools should be appropriate for the research question. (e.g., Observation, Interview)

    Data Analysis

    • Data analysis needs to include the appropriate statistical test for the question.
    • Sociodemographic data (gender, age) analysis often relies on frequency counts, means, and percentages.
    • Hypotheses are tentative answers to research problems, formulated for inferential research questions
    • Level of significance is a threshold for determining if results are statistically significant (e.g., 0.05).
    • Research design explains how the research will be conducted, including data collection methods and procedures. This section of the research paper outlines steps for data collection.
    • Appropriate response formats should match the question types, (e.g., agreement scales, ratings, frequency scales, or descriptive words like excellent, quality).
    • Conclusion write-ups should be in past tense.
    • Statistical tests to consider for different types of research questions. (e.g., chi square, Pearson r, Spearman rho, t-test)

    Research Report

    • The research report outlines the procedures for data collection.
    • Various aspects of the research methodology are included, depending on the specifics.
    • The appropriate format for presenting and interpreting data, including graphs and tables, is critical for effective communication.
    • Statistical significance is assessed to determine if observed differences are due to the intervention or chance.

    Ethics and Research

    • Consent is required for human participants, especially minors in research.
    • Researchers should consider participants' well-being and ensure ethical data collection practices.

    General

    • Instruments to record data should be tailored to the nature of the data. (Interview, Observation, Questionnaire, Tests)
    • Multiple-choice questions covering various aspects of research.
    • A strong emphasis on different types of validity, reliability, and ethical considerations.

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    Description

    This quiz tests your understanding of quantitative research, including design, data collection, and analysis. Explore various methodologies, sampling techniques, and the principles of validity and reliability in research. Prepare to answer multiple-choice questions that will challenge your knowledge on these key topics.

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