FPM Week 11 - Quality and Closing
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Which of the following is a fundamental principle of modern quality management?

  • Prevention over inspection (correct)
  • Quantity over quality
  • Inspection over prevention
  • Cost reduction over quality

    • What is the definition of 'quality' according to ISO 9000:2000?

  • The total cost spent on meeting customer requirements
  • The ability to meet stakeholder expectations
  • The value of a product compared to its competitors
  • The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements (correct)

    • Which quality management principle emphasizes continuous improvement through a cycle of planning, doing, checking, and acting?

  • Conformance to requirements
  • Inspection and validation
  • Plan-Do-Check-Act (Kaizen) (correct)
  • Fitness for use

    • In quality management, what is the main goal of using enterprise environmental factors?

    <p>To understand external standards and regulations that affect quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the Cost of Quality (COQ)?

    <p>Marketing costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost incurred to ensure a product or service conforms to its specifications known as?

    <p>Appraisal cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of failure cost involves costs related to warranties and replacements?

    <p>External failure cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool is also known as a fishbone diagram?

    <p>Cause-and-effect diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a control chart in quality management?

    <p>To determine whether a process is in or out of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the seven-run rule indicate when analyzing control charts?

    <p>When seven data points in a row are all above or below the mean, the process needs examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of quality management, what does 'fitness for use' mean?

    <p>The product can be used as intended by the customer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool is used to prioritize issues based on their frequency?

    <p>Pareto chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of quality cost includes training and documenting processes?

    <p>Prevention cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of scope validation?

    <p>To formally accept completed project deliverables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key activity during project closure?

    <p>Transitioning project deliverables to operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between quality and grade?

    <p>Quality refers to meeting requirements, while grade refers to different levels of technical characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool helps visualize the logical flow of processes?

    <p>Flowchart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cost of non-conformance' include?

    <p>Costs related to internal and external failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diagram is used to determine if there is a correlation between two variables?

    <p>Scatter diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key goal of quality assurance in a project?

    <p>To ensure quality standards are followed throughout the project</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using a check sheet?

    <p>To collect and organize data about defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle of quality management focuses on involving every team member in the quality process?

    <p>Employee empowerment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'management responsibility' in the context of quality management?

    <p>Management must provide the necessary resources to achieve quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about closing a project is true?

    <p>Closing a project includes archiving documents and releasing resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which closing method involves integrating the project's outcome into the organization’s operations?

    <p>Integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Pareto chart help identify in quality management?

    <p>The most significant factors contributing to a problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of conducting a post-project closeout meeting?

    <p>To review project success and gather lessons learned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the 'extinction' project closure method?

    <p>The project is terminated because it is complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool uses a graphical representation to understand how different factors affect a process?

    <p>Cause-and-effect diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'starvation' in the context of project closure?

    <p>The project is stopped due to reduced funding or resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a flowchart primarily used for in quality management?

    <p>Documenting the sequence of activities in a process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'acceptance criteria' refer to in quality management?

    <p>The requirements that must be met for deliverables to be accepted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cost is associated with the activities to assess the quality of processes and products?

    <p>Appraisal cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a final report in project closure?

    <p>To review lessons learned and summarize project performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Design for X' refer to in quality management?

    <p>Optimizing a product design for a specific aspect, such as reliability or cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of quality cost includes rework and waste?

    <p>Internal failure cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In project closure, why is it important to complete lessons learned documentation?

    <p>To prevent similar mistakes in future projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a histogram represent in quality management?

    <p>A distribution of variables in the form of bars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality concept refers to how exact measurements are and how close they are to each other?

    <p>Precision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of audits during project closure?

    <p>To ensure compliance with organizational policies and standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of project closure occurs when the project creates a new product or unit?

    <p>Addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'cost of quality'?

    <p>The sum of costs to ensure conformance to requirements and costs resulting from failure to meet requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool helps identify the root cause of a problem by repeatedly asking 'why'?

    <p>Cause-and-effect diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'definition of done' in an adaptive project?

    <p>The criteria that must be met for a product to be considered complete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process formally signifies that the project or a project phase is complete?

    <p>Scope validation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diagram can be used to monitor process variations over time?

    <p>Control chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of conducting a closeout meeting?

    <p>To gather feedback from stakeholders and review project performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of quality costs, which of the following would be considered an 'external failure'?

    <p>Product recalls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important step in ensuring successful project closure?

    <p>Archiving project documents for future reference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quality tool is used to categorize and rank issues based on their significance?

    <p>Pareto chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Quality Management Principles

    • Fundamental principle emphasizes prevention over inspection to enhance quality.
    • ISO 9000:2000 defines quality as the ability to fulfill requirements, focusing on inherent characteristics.
    • Continuous improvement is represented by the Plan-Do-Check-Act (Kaizen) cycle.

    Enterprise Environmental Factors

    • Used to understand external standards and regulations that impact quality.

    Cost of Quality (COQ)

    • Includes prevention, appraisal, and failure costs, but not marketing costs.
    • Appraisal cost ensures products meet specifications.
    • External failure costs cover warranties and replacements.

    Quality Tools

    • Cause-and-effect diagram (fishbone diagram) identifies root causes of problems.
    • Control charts monitor if processes are in or out of control.
    • Seven-run rule suggests examining processes when seven consecutive points deviate from the mean.
    • Flowcharts visualize the sequence of processes, helping document workflows.
    • Pareto charts prioritize issues based on their significance in quality management.

    Fitness for Use

    • Defined as a product's ability to be used as intended by the customer, beyond just meeting specifications.

    Project Closure

    • Formal acceptance of completed deliverables occurs during scope validation.
    • Key activity includes transitioning project outputs to operations.
    • The final report summarizes project performance and lessons learned, essential for documentation.

    Quality Assurance Goals

    • Ensures quality standards are adhered to throughout the project lifecycle.

    Definitions and Techniques

    • Acceptance criteria are requirements that deliverables must meet for acceptance.
    • Cost of non-conformance entails costs related to both internal and external failures.
    • Extinction refers to project termination once complete, while integration means merging project outcomes into operations.

    Lessons Learned

    • Documenting lessons from past projects is crucial for preventing repeated mistakes in future initiatives.

    Measurement Concepts

    • Precision focuses on the consistency of measurements, while accuracy refers to how closely they align with desired values.

    Audits in Project Closure

    • Conduct audits to ensure compliance with established policies and standards during project closure.

    Quality Costs Overview

    • The cost of quality includes expenses to ensure conformance to requirements, as well as costs from failures when requirements aren't met.

    Root Cause Analysis

    • The "5 Whys" technique is employed to drill down to the root cause of issues by repeatedly asking why a problem occurs.

    Project Phase Completion

    • Process closure is formally signified by scope validation, confirming that all requirements have been met satisfactorily.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of modern quality management principles with this engaging quiz. Explore definitions and principles according to ISO standards, focusing on the importance of prevention over inspection. Ideal for students and professionals in quality management.

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