Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does an infinitive phrase consist of?
What does an infinitive phrase consist of?
- An infinitive with a subject and a verb
- An infinitive and a relative pronoun
- An infinitive plus its modifiers, objects, complements, and/or actors (correct)
- An infinitive combined with a dependent clause
Which type of clause can stand alone as a complete sentence?
Which type of clause can stand alone as a complete sentence?
- Relative clause
- Subordinate clause
- Dependent clause
- Independent clause (correct)
Which of the following sentences exemplifies a compound sentence?
Which of the following sentences exemplifies a compound sentence?
- Jill is running.
- Jill ran, and she was worried about getting wet. (correct)
- Jill ran because it was raining.
- When it rains, Jill runs.
What is a common characteristic of fragments?
What is a common characteristic of fragments?
What is the primary function of coordinating conjunctions?
What is the primary function of coordinating conjunctions?
Which option best describes redundant diction?
Which option best describes redundant diction?
In writing, what does the term 'meaningless words' refer to?
In writing, what does the term 'meaningless words' refer to?
What is essential for proper pronoun agreement?
What is essential for proper pronoun agreement?
What is the primary purpose of using illustrations in writing?
What is the primary purpose of using illustrations in writing?
Which term describes the logical flow from one point to another in writing?
Which term describes the logical flow from one point to another in writing?
What does 'pathos' refer to in the context of rhetoric?
What does 'pathos' refer to in the context of rhetoric?
Which of the following best represents a strawman argument?
Which of the following best represents a strawman argument?
What is the difference between tenor and vehicle in figurative language?
What is the difference between tenor and vehicle in figurative language?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ad hominem arguments?
Which of the following is a characteristic of ad hominem arguments?
What does 'diction' refer to in writing?
What does 'diction' refer to in writing?
Which of the following statements accurately describes a non sequitur?
Which of the following statements accurately describes a non sequitur?
Flashcards
Coherence
Coherence
The quality of a piece of writing that moves logically from point A to point B to point C, creating a clear and connected flow.
Independent Clause
Independent Clause
A group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate. It functions as a complete thought and can stand on its own as a sentence.
Illustration
Illustration
Refers to using examples and visuals to clarify and support arguments. Think of it as adding visual aids to make your point more clear and impactful.
Phrase
Phrase
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Paradox
Paradox
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Subordinate (Dependent) Clause
Subordinate (Dependent) Clause
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Logos
Logos
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Relative Clause
Relative Clause
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Pathos
Pathos
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Simple Sentence
Simple Sentence
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Ad hominem
Ad hominem
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Compound Sentence
Compound Sentence
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Complex Sentence
Complex Sentence
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Ad populum
Ad populum
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Ethos
Ethos
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Compound-Complex Sentence
Compound-Complex Sentence
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Study Notes
Five Qualities of Technically Proficient Writing
- Illustration: Use of examples and visuals to clarify and support arguments
- Ambiguity: Understanding the role of ambiguity; how it can create multiple interpretations and effect clarity
- Coherence: The quality of writing that moves logically from point A to B to C
- Unity: The quality of writing that focuses on a consistent topic
- Technical proficiency involves clear illustration, handling ambiguity effectively, logical progression, and maintaining a consistent focus.
Audience Orientations
- Four audience orientations: positive, negative, mixed, neutral
- Definition: (positive and negative, explicit and implicit)
- Rhetoric: Effective and persuasive communication, especially including figures of speech and compositional techniques
- Logos: Logic and reason using facts and statistics for logical arguments
- Pathos: Engaging the audience's feelings to create connections
- Ethos: Establishing credibility and trust to gain audience confidence
- Diction: Word choice affecting tone and clarity
- Style: The overall manner of expression
Language and Style
- Paradox: A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper truth
- Figurative language vs. literal language
- Tenor and vehicle: Tenor-Abstract, difficult to understand Vehicle-Drive to the understanding of the tenor
- Abstract language vs. concrete language
- Straw man arguments: Misrepresenting an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack
- Ad hominem: Attacking the person instead of the argument
- Ad populum: Appealing to the popularity of a claim as a reason for accepting it as true
Grammar and Composition
- Bad faith arguments; hidden agendas
- Oversimplification
- Hyperbole
- Non sequitur: Does not logically follow
- Tautology: Repeating the same idea; saying the same thing twice
- Subjects and predicates: Subject is the part that acts, predicate describes the action
- Gerunds/gerund phrases
- Infinitives/infinitive phrases
- Sentences: Clause = subject and predicate Phrase = lacking subject and/or predicate
- Independent clauses: Stand on their own
- Subordinate clauses: Depend on independent clauses
- Relative clauses: Relate to a noun
- Different types of sentences (simple, compound, complex, compound-complex)
- Sentence fragments and run-on sentences
- Active voice vs. passive voice
- Redundant diction: Restating the same idea
- Verbal false limbs: Unnecessarily long phrases
- Meaningless words: Words that have no clear or specific meaning.
- Components of an essay (intro, body, conclusion)
- Pronoun case and agreement
- Collective nouns; grammatically singular nouns that refer to multiple entities
- Antecedents
- Misplaced modifiers
- Dangling modifiers
- Multi-word modifiers (compound modifiers)
Additional Information
- APA and MLA citation formats
- Readings include Orwell's "Politics and the English Language"
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