Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one characteristic of qualitative research?
What is one characteristic of qualitative research?
- Bias (correct)
- Focus on numerical data
- Random samples
- Statistical analysis
Which statement best distinguishes qualitative research from quantitative research?
Which statement best distinguishes qualitative research from quantitative research?
- Qualitative research focuses on in-depth understanding of human behavior. (correct)
- Qualitative research avoids subjective interpretation.
- Qualitative research uses large sample sizes.
- Qualitative research is primarily concerned with numbers.
What misunderstanding led to the villagers in South Sudan abandoning the use of bed-nets?
What misunderstanding led to the villagers in South Sudan abandoning the use of bed-nets?
- They felt the program was too complex to understand.
- They believed the mosquito population had decreased.
- They misunderstood the term 'malaria' to include all fevers. (correct)
- They thought the nets were too costly.
Which method could help researchers discover the villagers' true feelings about malaria nets?
Which method could help researchers discover the villagers' true feelings about malaria nets?
What does the term 'trustworthiness' in qualitative research refer to?
What does the term 'trustworthiness' in qualitative research refer to?
Which factor contributed to the success of the malaria reduction program before the villagers stopped using the nets?
Which factor contributed to the success of the malaria reduction program before the villagers stopped using the nets?
In qualitative research, 'triangulation' is used to...
In qualitative research, 'triangulation' is used to...
Why might researchers be skeptical of outsiders in a village study?
Why might researchers be skeptical of outsiders in a village study?
What is the primary aim of qualitative research?
What is the primary aim of qualitative research?
Which type of approach does qualitative research primarily utilize?
Which type of approach does qualitative research primarily utilize?
What type of sampling is characteristic of qualitative research?
What type of sampling is characteristic of qualitative research?
In which setting is qualitative research usually conducted?
In which setting is qualitative research usually conducted?
How many participants are generally involved in qualitative research compared to quantitative research?
How many participants are generally involved in qualitative research compared to quantitative research?
What type of questions is qualitative research inappropriate for?
What type of questions is qualitative research inappropriate for?
What characteristic distinguishes qualitative research from quantitative research?
What characteristic distinguishes qualitative research from quantitative research?
Which of the following statements accurately describes qualitative research?
Which of the following statements accurately describes qualitative research?
What is the purpose of using triangulation in studies?
What is the purpose of using triangulation in studies?
What is one example of data triangulation?
What is one example of data triangulation?
What does investigator triangulation involve?
What does investigator triangulation involve?
How does using different times of the year contribute to triangulation?
How does using different times of the year contribute to triangulation?
Which type of triangulation focuses on varying the methods used in a study?
Which type of triangulation focuses on varying the methods used in a study?
What is the effect of actively identifying bias during research?
What is the effect of actively identifying bias during research?
Why might having team members from different backgrounds be beneficial in research?
Why might having team members from different backgrounds be beneficial in research?
What does trust in a person typically indicate in research contexts?
What does trust in a person typically indicate in research contexts?
What is the primary purpose of peer debriefing in a research study?
What is the primary purpose of peer debriefing in a research study?
Which of the following best describes negative case analysis?
Which of the following best describes negative case analysis?
What is the purpose of member checks in qualitative research?
What is the purpose of member checks in qualitative research?
How does thick description contribute to transferability in naturalistic studies?
How does thick description contribute to transferability in naturalistic studies?
What aspect does dependability in research primarily refer to?
What aspect does dependability in research primarily refer to?
Which of the following enhances the dependability of a research report?
Which of the following enhances the dependability of a research report?
What distinguishes purposive sampling from random sampling in naturalistic research?
What distinguishes purposive sampling from random sampling in naturalistic research?
What feature is critical to the method section of a qualitative research report?
What feature is critical to the method section of a qualitative research report?
What is the primary focus of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)?
What is the primary focus of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)?
Which researcher is NOT associated with phenomenological research?
Which researcher is NOT associated with phenomenological research?
What common methodology is utilized in phenomenological research?
What common methodology is utilized in phenomenological research?
Why is the sample size in phenomenological research typically small?
Why is the sample size in phenomenological research typically small?
What aspect distinguishes IPA from traditional descriptive phenomenology?
What aspect distinguishes IPA from traditional descriptive phenomenology?
Which of the following areas is NOT commonly associated with the applicability of phenomenological research?
Which of the following areas is NOT commonly associated with the applicability of phenomenological research?
What does the term 'bracketing' refer to in phenomenological research?
What does the term 'bracketing' refer to in phenomenological research?
In the context of phenomenological methods, what does 'epoché' involve?
In the context of phenomenological methods, what does 'epoché' involve?
Study Notes
Qualitative Research Methodologies
- Qualitative research seeks to understand the reasons behind people's thoughts and behaviors through in-depth exploration.
- It contrasts with quantitative research that focuses on numerical data and the 'what' rather than the 'why' behind phenomena.
Learning Outcomes
- Describe qualitative research.
- Identify differences between qualitative and quantitative research.
- Understand core qualitative research concepts, including bias, triangulation, and trustworthiness.
Case Study: Malaria
- Researchers identified malaria as a significant concern in a South Sudan village through surveys.
- Follow-up blood tests confirmed high malaria incidence.
- Villagers used insecticide-treated bed nets, resulting in a decrease in malaria infections.
- A later assessment revealed villagers abandoned the nets due to a misunderstanding of what 'malaria' meant.
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research
- Qualitative research:
- Aims to explore participants' experiences.
- Generates theories from data.
- Utilizes a broad approach, is process-oriented, and context-bound.
- Quantitative research:
- Seeks causal explanations and tests hypotheses.
- Has a narrow focus and is product-oriented and context-free.
Sampling Techniques
- Qualitative research employs purposive and theoretical sampling to gather rich data, adjusting sampling methods as needed.
- Quantitative research uses randomized sampling to ensure a representative sample.
Triangulation
- Triangulation minimizes bias by incorporating various perspectives and methods to enhance data validity.
- Levels of triangulation include:
- Data triangulation
- Investigator triangulation
- Method triangulation
Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research
- Trustworthiness involves dependable behaviors and consistent findings across different contexts.
- Strategies to enhance trustworthiness:
- Peer debriefing for external validation.
- Negative case analysis to identify and examine outliers.
- Member checks for accuracy by reviewing findings with participants.
Transferability
- Transferability relates to the ability to apply qualitative findings to other contexts through thick descriptions and purposeful sampling.
- Emphasizes detailed context-specific information to guide readers in making comparative judgments.
Consistency and Dependability
- Dependability ensures that findings can be replicated under similar conditions.
- A robust research report includes:
- Clear research design and implementation strategies.
- Detailed operational data gathering processes.
- Reflective appraisals of inquiry effectiveness.
Sample Size and Applicability
- Qualitative studies typically use small sample sizes to achieve depth in understanding participants' experiences.
- Common in disciplines like psychology, health studies, and social sciences.
Research Methodologies
- Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA):
- Focuses on participants' sense-making within personal and social contexts.
- Phenomenological Research:
- Describes the essence of lived experiences while aiming to set aside researcher biases.
Key Researchers and Philosophical Foundations
- IPA is rooted in phenomenology, referencing influential theorists like Jonathan Smith and Michael Larkin.
- Phenomenological research connects to founders such as Edmund Husserl and Merleau-Ponty.
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Description
This quiz explores qualitative research methodologies, focusing on understanding the motivations behind behaviors through in-depth exploration. It contrasts qualitative and quantitative research, detailing key concepts such as bias, triangulation, and trustworthiness. A case study on malaria highlights the practical application of these methods.
