Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?
The set of measurements collected for a particular element is called?
Observations
A characteristic of interest for the elements is called a(n):
Variation
Which of the following is NOT a scale of measurement?
Signup and view all the answers
When the data are labels or names used to identify an attribute of the elements and the rank of the data is meaningful, the variable has which scale of measurement?
Signup and view all the answers
Which scale of measurement can be either numeric or nonnumeric?
Signup and view all the answers
Quantitative data are always numeric.
Signup and view all the answers
Arithmetic operations are inappropriate for:
Signup and view all the answers
In an application for a credit card, potential customers are asked for their social security numbers. A social security number is an example of a:
Signup and view all the answers
The weight of a ball bearing, measured in milligrams, is an example of:
Signup and view all the answers
Data collected over several time periods are:
Signup and view all the answers
Data collected at roughly the same time period is known as:
Signup and view all the answers
The $387,325 in a Scanner Data User Survey is an example of:
Signup and view all the answers
A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called:
Signup and view all the answers
Six hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions. This is an example of a(n):
Signup and view all the answers
In a sample of 3,200 registered voters, 1,440, or 45%, approve of the President. This statement is an example of:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following variables is qualitative?
Signup and view all the answers
If the value of the house purchased tends to increase as the homeowner's income increases, what type of relationship would be displayed in the scatter diagram?
Signup and view all the answers
A graphical method that can be used to show both the rank order and shape of a data set simultaneously is a:
Signup and view all the answers
The sum of frequencies for all classes will always equal:
Signup and view all the answers
A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several nonoverlapping classes is a:
Signup and view all the answers
In a cumulative frequency distribution, the last class will always have a cumulative frequency equal to:
Signup and view all the answers
In a cumulative percent frequency distribution, the last class will have a cumulative percent frequency equal to:
Signup and view all the answers
A graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency distribution is a(n):
Signup and view all the answers
The graphical device(s) that can be used to present data about students majoring in various fields is (are):
Signup and view all the answers
When using Excel to create a __________ one must edit the chart to remove the gaps between rectangles.
Signup and view all the answers
To construct a bar chart using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.
Signup and view all the answers
Excel's __________ can be used to construct a crosstabulation.
Signup and view all the answers
In a crosstabulation, either or both variables can be categorical or quantitative.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
- Quantitative data is numerical and can be measured, such as the number of people in a line.
- Categorical variables include labels or names and do not support arithmetic operations, e.g., social security numbers.
- Qualitative variables can be either numeric or nonnumeric.
Measurement Scales
- Observations refer to the set of measurements for a particular element.
- The four scales of measurement include: Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio; all are valid scales.
- An ordinal scale indicates rank order with meaningful intervals.
Types of Data
- Time series data is collected over several time periods, while cross-sectional data is collected at the same time period.
- Example of quantitative data: weight of a ball bearing measured in milligrams.
- Descriptive statistics summarize data, as seen with average spending figures.
Sampling Techniques
- A sample represents a portion of the population and provides insight into the larger group.
- A specific sample can provide statistical inference, allowing for generalizations about a population based on sample findings.
Relationships and Data Visualization
- A positive relationship in data occurs when one variable increases as the other does, such as house value and household income.
- Graphical methods like stem-and-leaf displays show rank order and shape of data simultaneously.
Frequency and Distribution
- A relative frequency distribution summarizes data into nonoverlapping classes showing the fraction of total items.
- Cumulative frequency distributions accumulate totals while the last class equals the total number of elements.
- Cumulative percent frequency distributions culminate at 100% in the last class.
Graphical Representations
- Bar charts visually summarize categorical data from frequency distributions.
- Pie charts can also effectively display proportions, like student majors.
- Histograms in Excel require removal of gaps between rectangles for accurate representation.
Tools and Applications
- Excel's PivotTable Report is useful for creating crosstabulations, accommodating both categorical and quantitative data.
Summary Elements
- The sum of frequencies in a distribution equals the total number of items in the dataset.
- Understanding different measurement types and data presentations is essential for effective data analysis and interpretation.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of quantitative data and measurements with these flashcards from QBA HW 1, covering Chapters 1 and 2. Ideal for MSU students, these cards will help reinforce key concepts in quantitative analysis.
