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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?
Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?
The set of measurements collected for a particular element is called?
The set of measurements collected for a particular element is called?
Observations
A characteristic of interest for the elements is called a(n):
A characteristic of interest for the elements is called a(n):
Variation
Which of the following is NOT a scale of measurement?
Which of the following is NOT a scale of measurement?
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When the data are labels or names used to identify an attribute of the elements and the rank of the data is meaningful, the variable has which scale of measurement?
When the data are labels or names used to identify an attribute of the elements and the rank of the data is meaningful, the variable has which scale of measurement?
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Which scale of measurement can be either numeric or nonnumeric?
Which scale of measurement can be either numeric or nonnumeric?
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Quantitative data are always numeric.
Quantitative data are always numeric.
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Arithmetic operations are inappropriate for:
Arithmetic operations are inappropriate for:
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In an application for a credit card, potential customers are asked for their social security numbers. A social security number is an example of a:
In an application for a credit card, potential customers are asked for their social security numbers. A social security number is an example of a:
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The weight of a ball bearing, measured in milligrams, is an example of:
The weight of a ball bearing, measured in milligrams, is an example of:
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Data collected over several time periods are:
Data collected over several time periods are:
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Data collected at roughly the same time period is known as:
Data collected at roughly the same time period is known as:
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The $387,325 in a Scanner Data User Survey is an example of:
The $387,325 in a Scanner Data User Survey is an example of:
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A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called:
A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called:
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Six hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions. This is an example of a(n):
Six hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions. This is an example of a(n):
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In a sample of 3,200 registered voters, 1,440, or 45%, approve of the President. This statement is an example of:
In a sample of 3,200 registered voters, 1,440, or 45%, approve of the President. This statement is an example of:
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Which of the following variables is qualitative?
Which of the following variables is qualitative?
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If the value of the house purchased tends to increase as the homeowner's income increases, what type of relationship would be displayed in the scatter diagram?
If the value of the house purchased tends to increase as the homeowner's income increases, what type of relationship would be displayed in the scatter diagram?
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A graphical method that can be used to show both the rank order and shape of a data set simultaneously is a:
A graphical method that can be used to show both the rank order and shape of a data set simultaneously is a:
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The sum of frequencies for all classes will always equal:
The sum of frequencies for all classes will always equal:
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A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several nonoverlapping classes is a:
A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several nonoverlapping classes is a:
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In a cumulative frequency distribution, the last class will always have a cumulative frequency equal to:
In a cumulative frequency distribution, the last class will always have a cumulative frequency equal to:
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In a cumulative percent frequency distribution, the last class will have a cumulative percent frequency equal to:
In a cumulative percent frequency distribution, the last class will have a cumulative percent frequency equal to:
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A graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency distribution is a(n):
A graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency distribution is a(n):
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The graphical device(s) that can be used to present data about students majoring in various fields is (are):
The graphical device(s) that can be used to present data about students majoring in various fields is (are):
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When using Excel to create a __________ one must edit the chart to remove the gaps between rectangles.
When using Excel to create a __________ one must edit the chart to remove the gaps between rectangles.
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To construct a bar chart using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.
To construct a bar chart using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.
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Excel's __________ can be used to construct a crosstabulation.
Excel's __________ can be used to construct a crosstabulation.
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In a crosstabulation, either or both variables can be categorical or quantitative.
In a crosstabulation, either or both variables can be categorical or quantitative.
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Study Notes
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
- Quantitative data is numerical and can be measured, such as the number of people in a line.
- Categorical variables include labels or names and do not support arithmetic operations, e.g., social security numbers.
- Qualitative variables can be either numeric or nonnumeric.
Measurement Scales
- Observations refer to the set of measurements for a particular element.
- The four scales of measurement include: Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio; all are valid scales.
- An ordinal scale indicates rank order with meaningful intervals.
Types of Data
- Time series data is collected over several time periods, while cross-sectional data is collected at the same time period.
- Example of quantitative data: weight of a ball bearing measured in milligrams.
- Descriptive statistics summarize data, as seen with average spending figures.
Sampling Techniques
- A sample represents a portion of the population and provides insight into the larger group.
- A specific sample can provide statistical inference, allowing for generalizations about a population based on sample findings.
Relationships and Data Visualization
- A positive relationship in data occurs when one variable increases as the other does, such as house value and household income.
- Graphical methods like stem-and-leaf displays show rank order and shape of data simultaneously.
Frequency and Distribution
- A relative frequency distribution summarizes data into nonoverlapping classes showing the fraction of total items.
- Cumulative frequency distributions accumulate totals while the last class equals the total number of elements.
- Cumulative percent frequency distributions culminate at 100% in the last class.
Graphical Representations
- Bar charts visually summarize categorical data from frequency distributions.
- Pie charts can also effectively display proportions, like student majors.
- Histograms in Excel require removal of gaps between rectangles for accurate representation.
Tools and Applications
- Excel's PivotTable Report is useful for creating crosstabulations, accommodating both categorical and quantitative data.
Summary Elements
- The sum of frequencies in a distribution equals the total number of items in the dataset.
- Understanding different measurement types and data presentations is essential for effective data analysis and interpretation.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of quantitative data and measurements with these flashcards from QBA HW 1, covering Chapters 1 and 2. Ideal for MSU students, these cards will help reinforce key concepts in quantitative analysis.
