RN Engage 2.0: Professionalism and Leadership (Professional Nursing)
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Questions and Answers

A new graduate nurse consistently seeks guidance from senior nurses, attends continuing education, and actively participates in quality improvement projects. Which aspect of professional development is primarily demonstrated by these actions?

  • Upholding the ethical standards of the nursing profession.
  • Maintaining personal wellness to prevent burnout.
  • Committing to lifelong learning and competency. (correct)
  • Advocating for policy changes within the healthcare system.

A registered nurse delegates a complex wound care procedure to a practical nurse without verifying the practical nurse's competency in performing the procedure. If the patient experiences complications due to improper wound care, who ultimately holds accountability for the negative outcome?

  • The charge nurse overseeing the unit.
  • The registered nurse who delegated the task. (correct)
  • The practical nurse who performed the procedure.
  • The hospital administrator responsible for staffing.

During a team meeting, a nurse proposes a new approach to patient education based on recent research findings. The nurse anticipates resistance from some team members who are accustomed to the traditional method. Which initial action would best demonstrate leadership in this situation?

  • Dismissing concerns, implementing the new method immediately to showcase its benefits.
  • Presenting the evidence clearly, addressing concerns, and involving the team in a trial period. (correct)
  • Deferring to the most senior team member's opinion to avoid conflict.
  • Forming a coalition with supportive colleagues to pressure others into acceptance.

A hospital is implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system. A nurse openly voices resistance, citing concerns about the system's complexity and potential impact on patient care. What is the most constructive approach for the nurse to address these concerns while functioning within the organization?

<p>Submitting formal feedback through appropriate channels and engaging in training opportunities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A practical nurse (PN) in a state with a limited scope of practice observes a change in a patient's condition that requires immediate intervention. According to the guidelines, the PN must be supervised by a RN. What is their most appropriate initial action?

<p>Immediately notify the supervising registered nurse (RN) and accurately report the changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse discovers that they made a medication error that could potentially harm the patient. According to standards of professional conduct, what is the nurse's priority action?

<p>Immediately report the error to the healthcare provider and implement corrective measures to ensure patient safety. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Several nurses on a unit have observed that a particular physician consistently dismisses their concerns regarding patient status changes. To best advocate for their patients, the nurses should:

<p>Document specific instances of the physician's behavior and report it through the proper channels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse manager is implementing a new staffing model on their unit. To foster a collaborative and supportive environment during this change, which leadership style would be most effective?

<p>Transformational: Inspiring staff to embrace the new model by emphasizing its benefits, addressing concerns, and involving them in decision-making. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is explaining a complex treatment plan to a client. Which communication approach would most effectively build client confidence and trust?

<p>Maintaining consistent eye contact and using clear, simple language while actively listening to client concerns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action by a nurse best demonstrates professional responsibility and advocacy in client care?

<p>Speaking up on behalf of a client who is unable to articulate their needs or preferences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

State boards of nursing are primarily responsible for which aspect of nursing practice?

<p>Reviewing and acting on complaints against nurses to protect public safety. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is unsure whether a specific nursing intervention falls within their scope of practice. Using the six-step decision-making model, what is the MOST critical initial step?

<p>Reviewing the Nurse Practice Act and relevant nursing laws. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit for a nurse who joins a professional nursing organization?

<p>Opportunities for networking, mentorship, and access to professional resources. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does specialty certification in nursing primarily contribute to improved client outcomes?

<p>By validating a nurse's advanced knowledge and skills, leading to evidence-based practice and better care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies 'conduct unbecoming of a nurse' and potential professional misconduct?

<p>A nurse publicly criticizes their workplace on social media, impacting the profession's reputation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked by a colleague to perform a task outside of their competency. According to the principles of professionalism and ethical practice, what should the nurse do FIRST?

<p>Honestly assess their competency level and communicate their limitations to the colleague. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST significant reason for a nurse to engage in self-reflection as a professional behavior?

<p>To identify personal biases and areas for improvement in their nursing practice. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of impairment in nursing practice, considered a form of unprofessional behavior?

<p>Practicing nursing while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, affecting judgment and skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the six-step decision-making model, after reviewing the Nurse Practice Act, what is the typical NEXT step a nurse should take when facing an ethical or scope of practice dilemma?

<p>Gather additional information relevant to the situation, including institutional policies and client-specific details. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions best demonstrates respect for a client's autonomy and dignity in nursing practice?

<p>Involving the client in care planning and respecting their preferences and values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently arrives late to work and misses important team meetings. This behavior is BEST described as:

<p>A potential indicator of unprofessional behavior related to responsibility and respect. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between incompetence and impairment as categories of unprofessional behavior in nursing?

<p>Incompetence relates to lack of skills and knowledge, while impairment involves compromised ability due to substance use or health issues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action by a nurse demonstrates a commitment to lifelong learning and professional growth?

<p>Actively seeking opportunities to learn new skills, pursue certifications, and stay updated with evidence-based practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is observed taking excessive amounts of PRN medication from the medication cart. Which type of unprofessional behavior does this exemplify?

<p>Addiction and drug diversion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the Boards of Nursing (BONs) according to the NCSBN?

<p>Protecting the public through disciplinary actions against nurses who demonstrate unprofessional conduct (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse discloses unnecessary personal information to a client and frequently hugs the client. Which type of boundary violation is this considered?

<p>Sexual and nonsexual boundary violation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse, while off duty, is arrested for driving under the influence. Why might the BON investigate this conduct?

<p>Because such behavior raises concerns about the nurse's professionalism and ethics. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to perform a task outside their scope of practice, according to their organization's policies, but they agree to do it anyway. What unprofessional behavior is the nurse demonstrating?

<p>Practicing outside scope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently ignores alarms on the cardiac monitor while charting. What unprofessional behavior does this demonstrate?

<p>Irresponsible or lax supervision. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. Which action would be considered a HIPAA violation?

<p>Posting a photo of the patient's surgical wound on social media for educational purposes without consent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common factor increases the risk of nurses behaving unprofessionally on social media?

<p>The instant posting opportunities and perceived comfort that leads to a lack of caution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best demonstrates a novice nurse's understanding of their limitations?

<p>Following established protocols and asking questions when unsure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A newly licensed nurse is overwhelmed by the complexity of a patient's care plan. Which action indicates the nurse is in the 'novice' stage of skill acquisition?

<p>Seeking mentorship and asking clarifying questions about the care plan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse in the 'advanced beginner' stage would most likely approach patient care by:

<p>Following established protocols and checklists. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best encapsulates the meaning of professionalism in nursing?

<p>Demonstrating actions, behaviors, and attitudes aligned with the profession's core values, ethics, and guidelines. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a nurse face disciplinary action for conduct seemingly unrelated to direct patient care?

<p>Such conduct might raise questions about their overall professionalism and ethics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse observes a colleague falsifying medication administration records. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?

<p>Report the observation to the nursing supervisor or appropriate authority. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Standards of nursing care are primarily designed to:

<p>Provide a benchmark for evaluating the quality and competence of nursing practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nursing process is described as the 'common thread' in nursing because it:

<p>Provides a standardized framework for client care across all nursing specialties and settings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently arrives late to work, disrupting the workflow of the unit. Which type of unprofessional behavior is this?

<p>Disruptive behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within the nursing process for a Practical Nurse (PN), data collection primarily involves:

<p>Observing, monitoring, and gathering subjective and objective client information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is transitioning from working in the ICU to working in a community health clinic. According to the stages of skill acquisition, this nurse would be considered to be at which stage?

<p>Novice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Nurse Practice Act (NPA) is established by:

<p>Each state's board of nursing to define and regulate nursing practice within that state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse's duty to self-regulate primarily refers to:

<p>Independently ensuring personal competence, ethical decision-making, and responsible actions in client care. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does society generally hold nurses to a higher standard of conduct compared to some other professions?

<p>Nurses are entrusted with the care of vulnerable populations and are expected to act with integrity and morality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a nurse's professional appearance and demeanor impact client care?

<p>It can influence a client's confidence and trust in the nurse, affecting their willingness to engage in care. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a nurse uses a certified medical translator for a client who speaks a different language. This action is primarily an example of:

<p>Demonstrating professional behavior by ensuring client-centered care and respect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the U.S. healthcare system, nurses are identified as the:

<p>Largest sector of health professionals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Modern healthcare environments require nurses to possess a range of skills. Which combination of skills is most critical for contemporary nursing practice?

<p>Critical thinking, effective communication, problem-solving, adaptability, and up-to-date knowledge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the hierarchical regulation of nursing practice, starting from the broadest level?

<p>National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) → State Boards of Nursing → Nurse Practice Act (NPA) → Organizational Policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a nurse unintentionally violates the standards outlined in the Nurse Practice Act (NPA), what is a potential consequence?

<p>The nurse may be held legally liable for the violation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organizational policies and procedures in healthcare settings primarily serve to:

<p>Regulate and guide nursing practice within that specific establishment, defining standards of care and responsibilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which set of qualities is most commonly associated with the public perception of nurses?

<p>Caring, honest, trustworthy, responsible, disciplined, and team-oriented. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a self-pledge of professional commitment considered valuable for nurses?

<p>It serves as a personal reminder of professional values and goals, fostering continuous improvement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between a code of conduct and a code of ethics in a professional setting?

<p>A code of conduct outlines specific actions and behaviors, whereas a code of ethics focuses on moral principles and judgment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An advanced beginner nurse is so focused on administering medication within the correct time frame that they may miss or forget other important client information. What does this indicate?

<p>An inability to prioritize tasks and consider the holistic needs of the patient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics is applicable to whom?

<p>All licensed nurses in the United States, regardless of role, setting, or experience level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Provision 1 of the ANA Code of Ethics, what is a fundamental aspect of healthcare?

<p>Healthcare is a universal human right that should be provided without bias. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse in the 'competent' stage is most likely to demonstrate which behavior?

<p>Independently planning and executing patient care with minimal errors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A proficient nurse is different from a competent nurse because the proficient nurse:

<p>Adapts their approach based on the evolving clinical picture. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a client from a different cultural background. To uphold Provision 1 of the ANA Code of Ethics, what should be the nurse's priority?

<p>To consider and value all dimensions of the client, including cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Provision 1, what does 'informed decision' primarily entail for a client?

<p>Receiving information that is understandable, accurate, and complete to make choices about their health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions best exemplifies a nurse at the 'expert' stage?

<p>Serving as a resource and mentor for other nurses while also improving the work environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between professional commitment and professional identity in nursing?

<p>Professional commitment relates to upholding standards, while professional identity is one's self-concept as a nurse. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'civility' as emphasized in Provision 1 of the ANA Code of Ethics?

<p>Creating a healthcare environment characterized by kindness, respect, dignity, and professionalism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Provision 2 of the ANA Code of Ethics, who is included in the definition of 'client'?

<p>Individuals, groups, families, communities, or populations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse demonstrates a strong professional commitment by:

<p>Actively participating in professional organizations and seeking continuing education. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nurse's role in client care planning as described in Provision 2?

<p>To integrate client participation and collaborate with those involved in the client's care. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a student nurse's professional identity typically develop during their education?

<p>It evolves through professional socialization, comparing classroom knowledge with clinical experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse's personal values conflict with a client's healthcare decisions. According to Provision 2, what is the nurse's ethical responsibility?

<p>To examine and address the conflict, ensuring client safety and promoting the client's best interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is professional commitment important for nursing students during their clinical experiences?

<p>It motivates them to represent nursing positively and adhere to standards of practice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nursing student is hesitant to practice a new skill on a patient without direct supervision, even after demonstrating competence in the simulation lab. What does this indicate?

<p>A lack of confidence stemming from potential gaps in their professional identity development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Provision 2 emphasize regarding therapeutic relationships and professional boundaries?

<p>Maintaining therapeutic relationships with appropriate professional boundaries is essential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a particularly stressful shift, a nurse reflects on the values that drew them to nursing and reaffirms their dedication to providing compassionate care. Which concept does this scenario exemplify?

<p>Professional commitment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Provision 3, what is a nurse's responsibility regarding client privacy and confidentiality?

<p>Nurses must advocate for and safeguard client privacy and maintain confidentiality in all settings, including social media. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action demonstrates that an 'advanced beginner' nurse is developing into a 'competent' nurse?

<p>Seeking continuous learning and applying knowledge to improve patient outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of research, what client right does Provision 3 of the ANA Code of Ethics safeguard?

<p>The right to refuse participation in research without fear of compromised care. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of a nurse cultivating a strong professional identity?

<p>Enhanced ability to provide client-centered care and advocate effectively. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do nurse educators play in upholding Provision 3 related to professional standards?

<p>Nurse educators must ensure basic commitment to and competence in professional standards before students enter practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently seeks opportunities to improve their skills, participates in continuing education, and actively engages in their professional organization. This behavior primarily reflects:

<p>A commitment to professional growth and the advancement of nursing practice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of nurse executives and managers according to Provision 3?

<p>To ensure nurses possess the skills, knowledge, and disposition to meet performance standards and competencies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of professional commitment towards a nurse's job satisfaction?

<p>It increases job satisfaction by fostering a sense of purpose and belonging. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does understanding the stages of nursing expertise (novice to expert) benefit a healthcare organization?

<p>It helps in matching nurses with appropriate roles and responsibilities, fostering professional growth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse discovers a co-worker is diverting narcotics but chooses to ignore it, hoping the situation will resolve itself. Which principle is the nurse violating?

<p>Professional accountability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action demonstrates a nurse's understanding of professional responsibility regarding patient advocacy?

<p>Questioning a physician's order that appears unsafe for the patient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best exemplifies the advocacy role of a nurse when a client is hesitant about a prescribed treatment?

<p>Informing the client about their rights and supporting their decision, whatever it may be. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A registered nurse (RN) delegates the task of administering oral medication to a patient to a certified nursing assistant (CNA). What makes the RN accountable for this delegation?

<p>The RN provided clear instructions and verified the CNA’s understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse identifies that a client's medication dosage seems unusually high compared to standard protocols. What is the most appropriate first action for the nurse?

<p>Contact the prescribing provider to verify the medication dosage and rationale. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new graduate nurse is unsure how to perform a complex dressing change. Following the principle of responsibility, what is the nurse's best course of action?

<p>Ask a more experienced nurse for guidance and supervision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the nursing advocacy process does the nurse identify a client's personal values and level of understanding regarding their health condition and rights?

<p>Assessment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently arrives late to work and struggles to complete assigned tasks during their shift. This behavior primarily demonstrates a deficit in what area?

<p>Professional responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates a nurse being accountable for their actions?

<p>Documenting vital signs accurately and in a timely manner. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common barrier that hinders a nurse's ability to effectively advocate for their clients is:

<p>Inadequate support from management or leadership roles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse notices a change in a patient's condition but delays reporting it to the physician until the end of their shift. Which aspect of nursing is most directly compromised by this delay?

<p>Professional responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the role of a nurse advocate?

<p>Supporting the client in their decisions after providing relevant information, without imposing personal values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to perform a task outside their scope of practice but agrees to do it because the unit is short-staffed. What principle is the nurse violating?

<p>Professional Accountability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Model of Professionalism in Nursing, what constitutes the 'inner processes' that contribute to a nurse's professionalism?

<p>Beliefs, values, and attitudes internal to the nurse. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action best demonstrates application of the 'six rights' of medication administration?

<p>Checking the medication label three times before administering it to the patient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following surgery, a client reports significant pain, but the nurse observes that pain medication is not due for another hour. What nursing action demonstrates client advocacy?

<p>Contacting the provider to discuss the client's pain level and request an earlier or alternative pain management strategy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the implementation phase of client advocacy, what is the primary focus of the nurse's actions?

<p>Communicating the client's preferences and goals to the healthcare team. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse observes a colleague making repeated medication errors, but fears retaliation if they report it. What is the most ethical course of action, balancing personal safety with patient safety?

<p>Report the errors to the nursing supervisor or appropriate authority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client is scheduled for a complex diagnostic procedure but expresses confusion about the preparation steps. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take as an advocate?

<p>Reiterating the instructions using simpler language and verifying the client's comprehension. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient experiences an adverse reaction to a medication. The nurse immediately assesses the patient, notifies the provider, and documents the incident. Which combination of qualities is best displayed by the nurse's actions:

<p>Accountability and responsibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mandate requires nurses to act as advocates for their clients?

<p>The Nurse Practice Act (NPA) in each state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a nurse best demonstrate professional competency in their daily practice?

<p>By using clinical reasoning and current evidence to guide care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a client from a different cultural background who is hesitant to undergo a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

<p>Informing the client about the potential consequences of refusing the transfusion and supporting their decision. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hospital implements a new policy regarding electronic charting. To demonstrate accountability, what action should a nurse take?

<p>Comply with the policy and provide feedback for improvement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the evaluation phase in the nursing advocacy process?

<p>Reviewing the outcomes and satisfaction of all involved parties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse manager observes a pattern of errors related to medication administration on their unit. What is the manager's primary responsibility in addressing this issue?

<p>Investigating the root causes of the errors and implementing corrective actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse notices a colleague consistently providing substandard care to clients due to burnout and heavy workload. What is the nurse's ethical responsibility?

<p>Reporting the colleague's behavior to the appropriate supervisor or authority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new graduate nurse feels overwhelmed by the demands of their job. Which action demonstrates accountability regarding their professional growth?

<p>Seeking mentorship and educational opportunities to enhance their skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to administer a medication that they are unfamiliar with. What is the most appropriate course of action?

<p>Consulting with a more experienced nurse or pharmacist before administering the medication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what initiated the concept of advocacy in nursing?

<p>Florence Nightingale's efforts to ensure quality client care and basic needs were met. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that licensed professions, like nursing, must maintain control over defining their professional work?

<p>To prevent individuals outside the profession from dictating or controlling its practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of healthcare organizations in supporting professional governance for nurses?

<p>To provide an environment that enables nurses to practice fully within defined standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental accountabilities of a profession?

<p>Financial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the shared governance model, what does the principle of 'Navigation' primarily refer to?

<p>The coordination and guidance provided by the nurse to clients within the healthcare system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following shared governance councils would primarily address issues related to patient falls and medication errors?

<p>Quality and Safety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is observed consistently demonstrating compassion, ethical decision-making, and competent care. What does this exemplify?

<p>Professionalism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse posted a picture of her workplace on social media. Some comments are shared that violate patient privacy. What regulatory bodies might investigate this issue?

<p>Both the State Board of Nursing (BON) and potentially the healthcare facility. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse's actions demonstrate strong accountability. What behavior would NOT demonstrate accountability on the part of a nurse?

<p>Taking independent action without consulting team members to expedite care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does 'responsibility' differ from 'accountability' in nursing practice?

<p>Responsibility refers to the process of providing competent care, whereas accountability involves ownership of the outcomes of those actions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is working to implement a new patient care protocol on their unit. Which leadership skill would be most important in this situation?

<p>The ability to influence others towards a common goal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is developing a care plan for a client with a terminal illness. Focusing on the client's emotional and spiritual well-being aligns with which nursing role?

<p>Caregiver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse identifies a recurring issue with delayed medication administration on their unit and proposes a new workflow to the nurse manager. Which nursing role is the nurse demonstrating?

<p>Change agent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central focus of the 'educator' role of a nurse?

<p>Supporting clients in understanding and managing their health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is explaining the importance of consistent blood glucose monitoring and insulin administration to a newly diagnosed diabetic patient. Which nursing role is primarily being demonstrated?

<p>Educator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best illustrates the 'advocate' role of a nurse in a healthcare setting?

<p>Recommending changes to hospital policies to improve patient outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is comforting a client who is expressing anxiety about an upcoming surgery. Which nursing role is the nurse primarily demonstrating?

<p>Counselor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse volunteers to precept a new graduate nurse on the unit. Which nursing roles are they fulfilling?

<p>Mentor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit consistently encourages other nurses to adapt evidence-based practices. This demonstrates which key nursing role?

<p>Leader (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After noticing a high incidence of pressure ulcers on immobile patients, a team of nurses investigates new mattress technologies and implements a trial of alternating pressure mattresses. Which nursing role does this BEST exemplify?

<p>Researcher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is using data collected from clients to evaluate the effectiveness of a new fall prevention protocol. Which nursing role is being demonstrated?

<p>Researcher (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that differentiates a nurse functioning as a 'critical thinker' from one strictly performing tasks?

<p>Ability to analyze situations and apply appropriate solutions based on knowledge and experience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of the nursing role as a 'caregiver'?

<p>Respecting the client's beliefs, values, and preferences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse observes a colleague repeatedly making medication errors. By reporting these errors and advocating for improved safety measures, what role is the nurse primarily demonstrating?

<p>Advocate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to administer a medication with which they're unfamiliar. What is the MOST appropriate action?

<p>Consult a reliable drug reference or pharmacist before administering the medication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse leading a new initiative seeks to inspire team members by clearly articulating the project's potential to improve patient outcomes and aligning it with their professional values. Which leadership style is the nurse demonstrating?

<p>Transformational (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A charge nurse allows experienced nurses to manage their patient assignments with minimal intervention but remains available for consultation if needed. What leadership style is the charge nurse primarily using?

<p>Laissez-faire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently seeks opportunities to learn new evidence-based practices and integrate them into their care routines. What primary benefit does this commitment to lifelong learning provide to the nurse's professional practice?

<p>Increased self-confidence and provision of safe, competent care. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a hospital unit, all nurses are expected to strictly adhere to established protocols for medication administration, with little room for individual interpretation. Which leadership style is most evident in this scenario?

<p>Bureaucratic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse manager who adopts a transformational leadership style would likely exhibit which of the following behaviors when implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system?

<p>Clearly communicating the benefits of the EHR to patient care and seeking input from nurses on workflow optimization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nursing student consistently arrives late to clinical rotations and fails to complete pre-clinical assignments. Which aspect of professional development is most directly affected by these actions?

<p>Accountability and responsibility. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A team leader observes a conflict between two nurses regarding patient care priorities. The leader facilitates a discussion where both nurses can express their concerns and collaboratively develop a patient-centered plan of care. Which leadership style is the team leader demonstrating?

<p>Democratic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best demonstrates a nurse practicing under a laissez-faire leadership model?

<p>Independently managing a complex patient assignment, utilizing established protocols and seeking consultation when necessary. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under a bureaucratic leadership approach, what is the primary focus when addressing a deviation from established patient care protocols?

<p>Strictly enforce the protocol, emphasizing adherence to rules and regulations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse manager implements a policy requiring all nurses to attend a mandatory training session on new protocols. What leadership style is the nurse manager primarily using in this scenario?

<p>Autocratic. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse notices a colleague consistently delegating tasks to others while avoiding direct patient care responsibilities. What would be the most appropriate course of action for the nurse to address this issue?

<p>Document specific instances and report concerns to the nurse manager. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is inspired by a transformational leader to advocate for a new policy that allows for more patient autonomy in end-of-life decisions. Which motivation aligns with transformational leadership?

<p>To inspire the patient and empower them to take charge of their health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a situation where a new graduate nurse is working under a laissez-faire leader, what action demonstrates appropriate decision making?

<p>Consulting established protocols while working autonomously, and seeking assistance when the situation goes beyond their skill set. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse consistently seeks to improve patient outcomes on their unit. They research best practices, propose changes to existing protocols, and mentor other nurses in implementing these changes. Which of the following leadership attributes is the nurse demonstrating?

<p>Encouraging creativity and innovation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios portrays a practical application of bureaucratic leadership in nursing practice?

<p>A nurse consistently follows the established protocol for central line dressing changes without deviation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can nursing students best demonstrate accountability and responsibility during their clinical placements?

<p>By arriving on time, being prepared, and actively participating in patient care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nursing team faces high staff turnover and low morale. How could a transformational leader improve employee engagement and commitment?

<p>By inspiring the team through a shared vision, fostering teamwork, and recognizing individual contributions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with a complex medical history. To ensure comprehensive and safe care, what is the nurse's most important initial action?

<p>Thoroughly review the patient's medical history and care plan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new graduate nurse is unsure about how to perform a specific procedure. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

<p>Ask a colleague for assistance and supervision. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of a laissez-faire leadership style in a nursing unit with many new graduates?

<p>It might result in a lack of guidance and support, which can compromise patient safety. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following scenarios would a bureaucratic leadership style be MOST appropriate?

<p>Ensuring consistent and safe practices in the operating room. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is working in a busy emergency department when a patient arrives in critical condition. Which leadership style would be MOST effective in this situation?

<p>Autocratic, providing clear and direct instructions to the team. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is implementing a new fall prevention protocol on a hospital unit. Transactional leadership would be demonstrated by which of the following actions?

<p>Providing recognition to staff who consistently adhere to the fall prevention strategies and meet specific benchmarks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is working to implement evidence-based practice changes on their unit. To be a transformational leader, what is the BEST way for the nurse to proceed?

<p>Inspire the team with the vision and empower them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse leader is tasked with improving team morale and productivity on a unit. What initial step should the nurse leader take to effectively address these issues?

<p>Conduct individual meetings with each team member to understand concerns and gather feedback. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge when using a laissez-faire leadership style for a team comprised of diverse skill sets?

<p>It may not provide enough direction or integration of diverse input. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a unit that is led through bureaucratic leadership, how would conflict likely be handled?

<p>Strict policy and procedure would prevent most conflict. Only written complaints would be reviewed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse witnesses a colleague making a medication error but the colleague does not report it. What is the nurse's ethical responsibility in this situation?

<p>Report the incident to ensure patient safety and maintain professional standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a transactional leader from other leadership styles in nursing?

<p>Emphasizing rewards or punishments based on task completion and adherence to rules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assigned charge nurse on a busy medical-surgical unit. The unit is short-staffed, and several patients have complex care needs. What is the most crucial action for the charge nurse to take first?

<p>Assess available resources, patient acuity, and staff competencies to make appropriate assignments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client with complex care needs requires coordination between physical therapy, wound care, and dietary services. Which role is MOST essential for ensuring seamless integration of these services?

<p>Care Coordinator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse identifies a potential safety risk on the unit. Following the chain of command, what is the nurse's MOST appropriate initial action?

<p>Report the concern to the immediate supervisor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is concerned about a change in a patient's condition but feels their concerns are being dismissed by the charge nurse. What is the nurse's BEST next step to advocate for the patient, while adhering to the chain of command?

<p>Escalate the concern to the next level in the chain of command and document the attempts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new policy is being implemented on the nursing unit, and several nurses have concerns about its potential impact on patient care. How can shared governance BEST address these concerns?

<p>Ensure that nurses have a voice in refining the policy through a shared decision-making process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is consistently assigned to care for patients with complex medical needs, despite expressing a desire to gain experience in other areas. How might shared governance empower the nurse to address this issue?

<p>By providing a platform for the nurse to discuss their professional development goals and collaborate on staffing decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is unable to directly reach a physician to report critical lab results. Following the chain of command, what should the nurse do NEXT after documenting the failed attempt?

<p>Contact the nursing supervisor or the next designated individual in the chain of command. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A facility is considering implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system. How could a shared governance model be used to ensure a successful transition for nurses?

<p>Nurses participate in evaluating the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse strongly disagrees with a new hospital policy regarding patient visitation hours, believing it negatively impacts patient well-being. What is the MOST appropriate way for the nurse to address this concern within the chain of command?

<p>Voice the concerns to their immediate supervisor and follow the established protocol for policy review. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A team of nurses is tasked with developing new protocols for managing post-operative pain. How does shared governance contribute to this process?

<p>By creating a collaborative environment where all nurses can contribute their expertise and perspectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following a medication error, a nurse documents the incident and immediately reports it to the charge nurse. According to the chain of command, what is the MOST likely next step?

<p>The charge nurse will inform the hospital's risk management department. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is concerned about a patient's deteriorating condition, but the on-call physician does not seem concerned. What is the nurse's MOST appropriate next step after documenting the conversation with the physician?

<p>Contact the next person in the chain of command, such as the nursing supervisor or chief resident. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do shared governance models primarily improve client outcomes in healthcare settings?

<p>By empowering nurses to make decisions that directly impact patient care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse notices a pattern of delayed medication administration on their unit. To address this through shared governance, what would be an effective strategy?

<p>Form a committee of nurses to investigate the root causes and propose solutions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A seasoned nurse in a teaching hospital notices that newly graduated nurses are not consistently following sterile procedures during dressing changes. How should this nurse BEST address this problem, considering principles of shared governance and the chain of command?

<p>Discuss the concerns with the charge nurse or nurse manager to collectively identify gaps in training and develop unit-based solutions, and offer to co-lead education. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A team of nurses is implementing a new falls prevention program on their unit. Which outcome would BEST indicate the successful application of shared governance principles?

<p>The program incorporates feedback from all nursing staff and results in a measurable reduction in patient falls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is managing a conflict between two staff members with differing levels of experience. To effectively address the situation using situational leadership, the nurse should:

<p>Assess each staff member’s perspective and adjust their leadership approach to facilitate a mutually agreeable solution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new graduate nurse consistently follows established protocols without questioning their effectiveness, even when patient outcomes are suboptimal. Which leadership style does this behavior align with?

<p>Bureaucratic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is tasked with implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system. Some team members are resistant to change, while others are enthusiastic. What should the nurse do by using situational leadership?

<p>Assess individual team members' readiness and provide tailored support and training to address their specific concerns and skill levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is leading a team through a period of significant organizational change. To foster a positive and adaptive environment, what initial action should the nurse take, according to transformational leadership principles?

<p>Clearly communicate a compelling vision for the future and inspire team members to embrace the change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse providing care in a busy emergency department encounters a patient who is anxious and demanding. Applying the principles of situational leadership, the nurse should:

<p>Quickly assess the patient's emotional state and adjust their communication style to provide reassurance and address the patient's immediate concerns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manager observes a nurse consistently failing to follow established medication administration protocols. As a transactional leader, the manager's initial response should be to:

<p>Clearly communicate the consequences of not following protocols and implement a system of rewards and punishments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse leader aims to empower their team to take ownership of their professional development and foster innovation. Which leadership style would be MOST effective in achieving this?

<p>Transformational leadership. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A healthcare organization needs to implement a new infection control protocol to address a recent outbreak of a multidrug-resistant organism and a bureaucratic leader would respond by:

<p>Enforcing strict adherence to the new protocol through mandatory training and monitoring of compliance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is working with a team of experienced professionals who consistently deliver high-quality care, and the nurse wants to use Laissez-faire leadership, therefore the nurse should:

<p>Empower the team to make decisions independently and provide resources as needed, while avoiding unnecessary intervention. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse observes a colleague taking supplies home for personal use. The nurse knows this violates hospital policy. Applying the principles of professional responsibility, the nurse should:

<p>Report the behavior to the nurse manager or appropriate authority, following the established chain of command. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a prescribed medication due to cultural beliefs. To demonstrate respect for the patient's autonomy and cultural values, the nurse should:

<p>Explore the patient's beliefs and concerns, and collaborate with the healthcare team to find culturally sensitive alternatives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with a complex medical condition that they are not familiar with. To ensure competent and safe care, the nurse should FIRST:

<p>Research the patient's condition and consult with experienced colleagues to gain the necessary knowledge and skills. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is consistently criticized for being insensitive to patients' emotional needs and failing to establish therapeutic relationships. What areas of nursing practice needs improvement?

<p>Compassionate Communication. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hospital implements a new policy requiring all nurses to obtain a specific certification in a specialized area of practice. A staff nurse, resistant to change, openly voices that the certification is unnecessary since they have many years of experience. What should the nurse do?

<p>Comply with the policy and pursue the certification, while continuing to voice concerns through appropriate channels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to administer a medication by a route that they are not familiar with and have not been trained in. What should the nurse do?

<p>Consult with a more experienced nurse or a clinical resource person to obtain guidance and supervision before administering the medication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse suspects a colleague is diverting narcotics. According to the nursing code of ethics, what is the nurse's initial responsibility?

<p>Voice concerns to the colleague with a focus on patient safety and the integrity of nursing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to administer a medication by a provider that they believe is outside the standard of care and potentially harmful. What is the appropriate nursing action?

<p>Refuse to administer the medication and immediately notify the nursing supervisor and the provider of the concerns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is delegating tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which action demonstrates accountability in this situation?

<p>Supervising and evaluating the UAP's performance and the outcomes of the delegated tasks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ethical consideration when a nurse disagrees with a patient's healthcare decision?

<p>Respecting the patient's autonomy while ensuring the patient is fully informed of all options and potential consequences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse observes a pattern of client rights violations within their healthcare facility. What is the nurse's ethical duty?

<p>Resign from the position if the violations persist and compromise the nurse's integrity or standards of practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hospital is conducting research on a new pain management protocol. What is the nurse's role in upholding ethical research standards?

<p>Ensuring patients are fully informed about the research and voluntarily consent to participate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action best exemplifies advocacy for vulnerable populations regarding access to healthcare?

<p>Lobbying for policies that ensure equitable distribution of healthcare resources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse discovers a medication error occurred due to a system malfunction. What is the nurse's ethical responsibility?

<p>Report the error and advocate for changes to prevent future occurrences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is asked to care for a patient whose values conflict with the nurse's personal beliefs. How should the nurse respond?

<p>Provide respectful and competent care, setting aside personal beliefs to meet the patient's needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best example of a nurse promoting eco-justice as part of their professional responsibilities?

<p>Reducing waste and promoting environmentally sustainable practices in healthcare settings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a nurse demonstrate a commitment to lifelong learning as outlined in the nursing code of ethics?

<p>Attending continuing education courses and staying informed about current research and best practices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A health system is considering implementing a new technology that could improve patient outcomes but will also reduce the need for nursing staff. Which ethical consideration should be prioritized?

<p>The potential benefits and risks to patient care, including maintaining a safe nurse-to-patient ratio. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best demonstrates a nurse's role in promoting social justice within their practice?

<p>Advocating for policies that address health disparities and inequities in access to care. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate way for a nurse to respond to a situation where they feel morally distressed by a healthcare decision made by a patient or provider?

<p>Engage in respectful dialogue to understand the reasoning behind the decision, while upholding their professional responsibilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse discovers that a colleague is falsifying patient data to meet performance metrics. What is the nurse's ethical obligation?

<p>Report the colleague's actions to the appropriate authorities, while following established reporting procedures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Professional Behaviors

Standards of behavior expected of a nurse, including ethical conduct, accountability, and commitment to patient well-being.

Accountability

Being answerable for one's actions and decisions; includes owning up to mistakes and learning from them.

Responsibility

The obligation to perform assigned tasks and duties to the best of one's ability.

Leadership

The ability to influence and guide others towards a common goal.

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Organizational Structure

A structure that outlines how authority and communication flow within a healthcare facility.

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Scope of Practice

The legally defined set of activities and procedures a healthcare professional can perform.

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Nursing Foundation

Blending the art of caring with scientific knowledge to promote health and manage illness.

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Nursing Reputation

Nurses are viewed as highly trustworthy and ethical by the general public.

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Professional Nursing Image

Projecting trust, caring, confidence, and intelligence through communication.

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Key Components of Professionalism

Ability to communicate clearly, self-reflect, and model responsibility, respect, and advocacy.

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NCSBN, Boards of Nursing & Ethics

Organizations that reinforce professional behaviors in nursing.

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State Boards of Nursing Role

Review, investigate, and act on complaints related to nursing practice.

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6-Step Decision-Making Model

Aids nurses in determining sound professional judgement and whether an act is within their scope of practice.

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Benefits of Nursing Organizations

Networking, influencing practice/policies, and specializing in chosen work.

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Specialty Certification

Demonstrates mastery, motivation, and passion for quality care.

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Certification's Impact

Higher number of nurses with specialty certification correlates with better clinical outcomes.

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Unprofessional Behavior

Conduct that doesn't adhere to standards, harming the profession's reputation.

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Two Categories of Misconduct

Incompetence and Impairment

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Benefits of joining before licensure

Access to professional literature, newsletters, mentors and support.

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Nursing organization goals

Focus on interests and drive practice and policies

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Skills from certification

Mastery of knowledge, education and skills

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Certification characteristics

Commitment to lifelong learning and self-improvement

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Correlation between certified nurses and outcomes

Improving clinical outcomes and less hospital infections

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Professionalism (Nursing)

Actions, behaviors, and attitudes reflecting core values, ethics, and guidelines of the nursing profession.

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Key Aspects of Professionalism

Understanding standards, identifying client needs, and reporting obligations.

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Standards of Nursing Care

Standards guiding acceptable levels of education, skills, and behaviors for safe and professional practice.

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Nursing Process

Uniform approach to client care consisting of assessment, analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

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Data Collection (PN)

Observing, checking, and collecting subjective and objective client data.

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National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)

Oversees standards for education, licensure, scope of practice, and disciplinary actions.

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Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

Defines nursing activities and ensures nurses practice within defined laws, rules, and regulations.

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Organizational Policies & Procedures

Established rules that regulate and guide nursing practice within healthcare settings.

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Duty to Self-Regulate

Each nurse is in control of their competence, decisions, and actions while providing client care.

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Professional Image/Appearance

A nurse's professional obligation to maintain a positive image that inspires confidence and trust.

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Commitment to Self and Profession

A nurse's responsibility to practice with integrity, honesty, and devotion to the welfare of others.

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Adaptability in Nursing

Adapting to changing situations and maintaining current knowledge.

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Critical Thinking

Ability to analyze information and formulate effective solutions.

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Effective Communication

Effectively exchanging information with clients, families, and colleagues.

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Professional Conduct

A principle for nurses to practice responsibly, ethically, and competently.

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Professional Incompetence

Lacking reasonable skills, knowledge, or concern, endangering client welfare.

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Impairment

Unfit to practice due to physical/mental illness or substance influence.

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Unethical Behavior

Violating laws or ethical standards; reflects poorly on nursing profession.

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BON's Duty

Protecting the public from unsafe nursing practices.

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Moral Turpitude

Conduct violating community standards of honesty, justice, and morals.

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Social Media Misconduct

Using social media in an unprofessional or unethical manner.

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Diverting Drugs

Taking wasted medications or removing excess amounts.

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HIPAA Violation

Violating client confidentiality.

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Practicing Outside Scope

Performing duties outside the permitted scope of practice.

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Boundary Violation

Exploiting the client.

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Novice Nurses

Lacking confidence.

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Critical Thinking development

Recognizing and intervening in a deteriorating client.

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Novice Stage

Beginning stage with no experience.

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Advanced beginner stage

Needs guidelines with prompting and support from a mentor.

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Nursing Professional Commitment

A pledge to uphold the values, ethics, and standards of the nursing profession, revisited periodically for progress evaluation.

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Code of Conduct

A set of guidelines that dictate specific actions and expected behavior of employees within an organization.

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Code of Ethics

A set of principles that influence the judgment of individuals, establishing a moral standard.

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ANA Code of Ethics

The nursing profession's code of conduct, establishing ethical standards, obligations, ideals, and values.

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Healthcare as a Human Right

A fundamental and universal right that should be accessible to all individuals without discrimination.

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Value Client's Dimensions

Respecting the cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs, social support, lifestyle and language of the client.

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Informed Consent

Providing understandable, accurate, and complete information so clients have a right to choose their treatment.

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Culture of Civility

An environment and culture emphasizing kindness, caring, dignity, respect, and professionalism.

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Definition of 'Client'

Encompassing various entities such as individuals, families, communities, or populations.

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Collaborative Care Planning

Incorporating input from the client and collaboration from those involved in the client's care to promote safety.

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Value Conflict Resolution

Examining conflicts between personal/professional values and values/interests of others.

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Professional Boundaries

Establishing and maintaining therapeutic relationships including appropriate professional boundaries.

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Client Privacy

Protecting the right to physical privacy and maintaining confidentiality of client information.

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Breach of Confidentiality

Trust can be jeopardized through unwanted disclosure or unauthorized access to information.

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Verifying Competence

Nurse educators must verify commitment to and competence in professional standards before new nurses enter practice.

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Advanced Beginner Nurse

Exhibits some competence but struggles with independent decision-making and individualizing care, often focusing intensely on one task at a time.

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Competent Nurse

Can plan, make decisions, and perform job duties efficiently, establishing coping mechanisms for stressful situations.

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Proficient Nurse

Understands their role comprehensively, views situations holistically, and adapts to unpredictable clinical scenarios with advanced skills.

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Expert Nurse

A master with deep understanding, multitasking effortlessly and instinctively, often teaching and improving the nursing practice.

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Professional Commitment

The acceptance of the values of nursing, a motivation for growth, and determination to maintain membership within the profession.

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Professional Identity (PI)

A nurse’s sense of self, influenced by the values and beliefs associated with the nursing discipline. Includes self-image and collective identity.

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Brand Identity

The collective identity of the nursing profession, shaped by its members and distinct from public perception.

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Public Image

The public's perception or opinion of the nursing profession.

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Shaping Professional Identity

Begins with academic learning and evolves through real-world experiences, integrating values and norms during clinical practice.

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Clinical Learning Environment

An environment where students apply classroom knowledge, skills, and values through interaction with healthcare professionals.

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Student Expectations (Clinical)

Nursing students are expected to understand the profession's values, be competent in skills, and adhere to nursing standards.

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Professional Commitment (Students)

Motivation to represent the profession positively, comply with standards, and avoid actions beyond one's scope of practice.

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Student Compliance

This motivates one to comply and refrain from practicing beyond their accepted scope of practice.

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Psychological Commitment

A bond between the nurse, their work, and greatly affects retention rates.

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professional development

The constant analysis, exploration and striving for continuous improvement.

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Error Reporting

Reporting errors, disclosing to clients, and investigating contributing factors when errors occur.

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Questionable Practice

Voicing concerns about inappropriate practice with a focus on the individual's best interests and integrity.

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Impaired Colleague

Protecting clients from harm when a colleague's practice is impaired.

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Abiding by Regulations

Following facility policies, guidelines, and laws; involving external authorities if needed.

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Nursing Practice

Authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practice, including direct care, coordination, and delegation.

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Delegation

Evaluating knowledge/skills before delegation and monitoring outcomes.

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Safety Measures

Safeguarding clients/environment through quality improvement, peer review, and staffing plans.

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Respect for Nurses

Nurses deserve respect, preservation of character, health/safety, and professional growth.

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Conscientious Objection

Expressing a conscientious objection appropriately to protect personal integrity.

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Moral Environments

Promoting morally good environments that nurture excellent nursing practice.

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Duty to Resign

Resigning when facilities repeatedly violate client rights or compromise standards.

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Ethical Research

Ensuring research aligns with ethical standards and promotes protection and shared responsibility.

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Work Conditions

Creating work conditions allowing nurses to self-regulate within quality care standards.

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Evidence-Based Practice

Health care policies should encourage evidence-based practice.

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Advocacy

Defending the rights of vulnerable individuals

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Nonmaleficence

The principle of doing no harm to patients.

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Six Rights of Medication Administration

The right client, dose, medication, time, route, and documentation when administering medication.

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Professional Responsibility

An obligation to perform duties using sound professional judgment.

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Professional Nursing Competency

Knowledge, skills, abilities, attitude, and values for effective client care.

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Lifelong Learning

Maintaining competence through continuous learning and staying current in nursing.

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Cultural Competency

Understanding and respecting diverse client backgrounds.

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Error Avoidance

Preventing errors, omissions, failures, or shortcuts in practice.

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Nursing Assessment (RN)

Assessing patient status accurately

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Clarifying Client Need

Identify patient needs and potential treatments.

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Implementing Client-Centered Care

Planning and carrying out interventions.

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Evaluating Care Effectiveness

Measuring the impact of provided interventions

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Quality Improvement

Improving the health system by enhancing standards of care.

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Nursing Advocacy

Supporting clients to receive quality care and have basic needs met; a central part of nursing practice.

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Nurse's Advocacy Role

A nurse's ethical and legal duty to protect clients' rights and welfare.

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Why Clients Need Advocates

Illness, lack of knowledge, and complexity of the health care system.

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Barriers to Advocacy

Inadequate support, time constraints, poor communication skills, and minimal knowledge.

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Ways to Advocate

Safeguarding rights, educating, giving voice, protecting from harm, communicating, and connecting to resources.

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Advocate's Core Actions

Informing, supporting, and respecting the patients decision.

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Four Phases of Advocacy

Assessment, Identification, Implementation, and Evaluation.

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Phase 1: Assessment

Determining the client’s level of understanding, interests, personal values, mental function, and awareness of rights.

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Phase 2: Identification

Identifying the goals of the client, which are based on their distinctive needs and personal beliefs.

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Phase 3: Implementation

Communicating the client’s preferences to the interprofessional team.

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Phase 4: Evaluation

Reviewing outcomes and considering the satisfaction of everyone involved.

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Accountability in Nursing

Nurses legally answerable for care.

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Inner and Outer Processes of Professionalism

Internal beliefs/values and external behaviors/actions.

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Manifest Professionalism

The intersection of inner and outer processes.

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Expected Nursing Professionalism

The expectations of the nursing image and culture.

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Lifelong Learning (Nursing)

Actively seeking educational opportunities and evidence-based practices to improve nursing skills and knowledge.

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Nurse Leader

An individual who inspires and guides others to achieve a common goal.

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Nursing Leadership

The collaborative process of influencing and guiding others to achieve desired outcomes.

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Nursing Leadership Development

Developing a sense of oneself as a capable leader, knowing when to lead, and how to lead effectively in different situations.

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Autocratic/Authoritarian Leadership

Leaders make decisions without input from the team; effective in crisis situations.

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Democratic Leadership

Group members are encouraged to contribute to the decision-making process, leading to high productivity and morale.

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Laissez-faire Leadership

Leaders provide minimal supervision, promoting innovation and originality.

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Transactional Leadership

Leaders establish standards, monitor behaviors, and use rewards or punishments based on task completion.

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Transactional Leadership actions

Establishing standards, monitoring behaviors, and using rewards or punishments

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Transactional leadership goal

Compliance with rules by focusing on responsibilities.

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Transactional Tactics

Leaders use rewards and punishments to drive behavior toward goals.

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Transactional Leadership: Examples

Setting goals, evaluating performance

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Transactional Example in Nursing

Setting unit goals based on standard of practice, with rewards/punishments for employees based on outcomes.

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Transactional Leadership Outcome

Specific expectations, continuity of norm, dependency on leader's decision.

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Situations for transactional leaderships

Coaching, crisis situations, and completing short term goals

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Transformational Leaders

Leaders who inspire a shared vision and encourage high performance.

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Transformational Leadership Actions

Establishing a common mission, inspiring others, and challenging them to improve.

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Transformational Leader Traits

Trustworthy, good work ethic, reliable, and has integrity.

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Intellectual Stimulation(Transformational)

Leads by asking 'how' and 'why' questions; promotes evidence-based improvements.

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Laissez-Faire Leaders

Hands-off leaders who allow independent decision-making.

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Ideal Followers (Laissez-Faire)

Experienced, educated, and self-motivated individuals.

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Actions of a Laissez-Faire Leader

Provide resources, allow independent work, and trust in staff competence..

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Nursing Actions (Laissez-Faire)

Independence, expertise-driven decisions, and minimal consultation with superiors.

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Laissez-Faire Characteristics

Giving staff freedom, providing resources, expecting independent problem-solving.

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Bureaucratic Leaders

Leaders who strictly adhere to policies and procedures.

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Bureaucratic Leadership

Consistency, adherence to rules, and top-down decision-making.

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Bureaucratic Leader Actions

Paying great attention to detail to bring control and clarity.

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Bureaucratic Leadership Departments

Surgical departments, strict procedural adherence, and policy enforcement.

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Bureaucratic Leader Traits

Following rules and expecting others to do the same.

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Bureaucratic Leadership Environment

Strict adherence to policies, little flexibility, values order, and procedure.

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Supporting elements of laissez faire

Staff freedom, minimal guidance, provides resources and tools.

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Situational Leadership

Leaders adapting their style based on the current context and needs.

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Transformational Leadership

Inspiring a shared vision and motivating others through enthusiasm and empowerment.

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Leadership Definition

Having a vision and effectively communicating it to inspire contribution.

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Nursing as Art and Science

Nursing combines compassion, care, and communication with core knowledge.

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The Three 'C's

Compassion, care, and communication

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Empathy

The capacity to understand and share the feelings of another person.

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Individualized Care

Demonstrating respect for a client's unique needs, beliefs, and concerns.

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Critical Thinking (Nursing)

Nurses use sharp thinking to inform clinical choices.

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Nursing Mind

Combining collected facts with science for best care.

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Professional Governance

It is illegal for outsiders to control a licensed profession's work, placing the responsibility for client care and practice improvement on the profession itself.

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Shared Decision-Making

Shared decision-making in professions includes accountability for practice, knowledge, competence, and quality, obligating members to define and evaluate their decisions.

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Shared Governance Core

The model centers around the client and interprofessional team, guided by caring, navigation, knowing, and leading.

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Shared Governance Councils

These councils make decisions related to professional practice and client care, including quality, safety, staffing, and education.

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Nurse Professionalism

Trusting, caring, ethical, and competent behavior on and off duty shows a nurse's professionalism.

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Decision-Making

A process that assists in forming sound professional judgments.

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Accountability (Detailed)

Ensures duties are taken seriously, actions are carefully planned, and interventions are competent and safe.

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Leadership (Detailed)

Guiding others to achieve a common goal or task through influence.

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Art and Science of Nursing

The combination of clinical knowledge, technical skills, critical thinking, sensitivity, compassion, and caring in nursing.

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Primary Nursing Role

Caring for and advocating for clients of all backgrounds.

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Caregiver

Showing respect for the client's needs, values, beliefs, emotions, opinions, and preferences.

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Critical Thinker

Interpretation, examination, and reasoning to solve problems and evaluate outcomes.

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Change Agent

Identifying a problem, determining a need, recommending a plan, and participating in interprofessional care and evaluation.

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Educator

Teaching clients to understand and manage their health.

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Counselor

Considering the intellectual, emotional, mental, and psychological aspects of the client.

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Leader

Using interpersonal skills to influence attitudes, behaviors, feelings, and beliefs.

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Mentor

Sharing knowledge and support to guide, encourage, and motivate another nurse's professional growth.

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Researcher

Using research to improve nursing practice and outcomes.

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Health Literacy

The ability to understand health care information and apply it.

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Nurse-Client Relationship

Creating an environment of trust and assisting clients in developing coping mechanisms.

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Holistic approach

Focusing on a shared vision, goal, objective, and the best possible outcome for the client.

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Nursing Research Impact

Transforming practice, care, and outcomes.

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Care Coordinator

Organizing client care involving the client, family, and interprofessional team, ensuring client needs are met.

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Chain of Command

Hierarchical structure identifying authority lines within an organization used to notify superiors of issues.

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Nurse's Role in Chain of Command

Initiating the chain of command to raise awareness of a situation, communicate issues, or inform supervisors of being outside of scope.

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Using Chain of Command Benefits

Protects the client, raises organizational awareness, and contributes to a culture of safety.

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Escalating Client Concerns

Charge nurse, then escalate up the chain of command as needed and documenting each step along the way.

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Failed Links in Chain of Command

The nurse communicates and documents to the next link until a response is received to maintain safe client care.

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Liability in Chain of Command

Anyone contacted in the chain who was unresponsive, unwilling, or refused to act can be held liable if client is harmed.

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Nurse's Responsibility

A nurse is responsible to advocate for the client and is accountable for their actions and inactions.

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Shared Governance

Shared-decision structure giving nurses control over their practice.

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Shared Governance Purpose

Guides decisions towards accountability and ownership of clinical outcomes, unifying the core values and beliefs of nursing to advance quality client care.

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Shared Governance Promotes

Nurses have access to resources, information, data, and growth opportunities by being a contributing partner in the decisions that influence nursing practice.

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Shared Governance Impact

Takes nurses from bedside to the decision-making table.

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Promotion of Excellence

Collaboration, professional development, and accountability.

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Clinical Findings of Good Governance

Improved client outcomes, work environments, and job satisfaction.

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Study Notes

  • Nursing is a profession grounded in both the art of caring and scientific evidence.
  • Professionalism guides nurses in their practice.
  • Nurses have a unique responsibility to mentor, guide, and lead others entering the profession.

Scope of Practice

  • There are differences in the scope of practice between RNs and PNs.
  • PN scope of practice varies by state.
  • PNs must understand and follow their state's guidelines for safe practice.

Professionalism

  • Professionalism includes actions, behaviors, and attitudes that reflect the core values, ethical principles, and regulatory guidelines of the nursing profession.
  • Nurses design, develop, and advance the standards of conduct for professionalism.
  • Professionalism requires understanding standards of practice, identifying client needs, and reporting information.
  • Professionalism involves commitment to self and the profession, integrity, honesty, and devotion to the welfare of others.

Professional Behaviors

  • Nurses are the largest sector of health professionals, with over 4.3 million in the United States.
  • Modern healthcare requires nurses to think critically, communicate effectively, problem-solve, adapt, and maintain current knowledge.
  • Standards of nursing care guide acceptable levels of education, skills, attitudes, behaviors, judgment, and self-evaluation for safe and professional practice.
  • Standards provide a way to compare performance, especially when actions or client care are questioned.
  • The nursing process is a uniform way to provide client care.
  • The nursing process includes assessment, analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

Data Collection in the PN Nursing Process

  • Observe, check, monitor, and collect subjective and objective client data.
  • Complete a focused assessment.
  • Identify the need for further assessment.
  • Determine the need to report information.
  • Determine priority.
  • Identify appropriateness of prescriptions, contraindications, and risk.
  • Assist with triage.

Hierarchy of Regulation

  • Each state has a board of nursing that reports to the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
  • The NCSBN oversees standards for educational programs, licensure, scope of practice, and disciplinary actions.
  • Each board of nursing determines the Nurse Practice Act (NPA) for licensed nurses within that state.
  • The NPA defines nursing activities and ensures nurses practice within defined laws, rules, and regulations.
  • Organizations employ nurses and have established policies and procedures that regulate and guide nursing practice.
  • Each nurse is in control of their individual competence, decisions, and actions while providing client care; this is self-regulation.

Presentation of Nurses

  • Nurses are expected to practice responsibly and serve the public in a competent way.
  • Society has higher standards of conduct because nurses care for vulnerable populations.
  • Verbal and nonverbal communication influences a client's confidence in a nurse.
  • Nurses must personify trust, caring, confidence, and intelligence.
  • Nurses must communicate clearly; self-reflect; and model responsibility, respect, and advocacy.
  • The NCSBN, state boards of nursing, and the nursing Code of Ethics reinforce professional behaviors.
  • Individual state boards of nursing can investigate and act on complaints.
  • A six-step decision-making model assists in the use of professional judgment.

Six Steps of Decision-Making Activity

  • Step 1: Nurse is called away to an emergency and asks Nurse B to cover the care of their client.
  • Step 2: Nurse B says yes and and goes to check on the client
  • Step 3: The client reports pain at a level of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10
  • Step 4: The client asks to receive morphine.

Membership in Nursing Organizations and Certification

  • Joining a nursing organization and becoming certified are important professional behaviors for a nurse
  • Nursing organizations allow nurses to network with those in similar specialties.
  • Organizations drive practice and policies by promoting nurses to:
    • Be actively involved in their specialty
    • Make a difference in the populations they care for

Certification

  • Certification in a specialty area demonstrates mastery of knowledge, education, and skills; nurses demonstrate a motivation and passion for delivering quality care
  • Certification provides confidence that nurses are practicing at an elevated level based on up-to-date evidence.
  • Nurses with certification distinguish themselves through lifelong learning, self-improvement, and personal and professional growth.
  • A higher number of nurses with specialty certification correlates with better clinical outcomes.
  • Eligibility requirements include years of experience within a set population, fees, review of study material, and passing an exam.

Unprofessional Behaviors

  • Unprofessionalism is conduct that does not adhere to the standards of practice or the Code of Ethics.
  • Unprofessional behavior is "conduct unbecoming of a nurse" that dishonors, disgraces, or harms the profession's reputation.
  • Misconduct can be a single incident or a pattern of incidents, relevant to the practice of nursing or not, occurring during client care or not.
  • Misconduct include incompetence and impairment.
  • Professional incompetence is when nurses lack reasonable skills, knowledge, or concern for the client’s welfare, which places the client in jeopardy or harm’s way.
  • Impairment includes the nurse being unable or unfit to practice because of physical illness, behavioral health issues, or being under the influence of a chemical substance.
  • Unethical behavior also falls under misconduct.
  • Boards of nursing (BONs) can take disciplinary action against a nurse for unprofessional conduct.
  • Nurses can be in jeopardy for using social media in an unprofessional or unethical manner.
  • The BON may investigate reports of inappropriate disclosures made on social media.

Unprofessional Behaviors Checklist

  • Addictions: drugs or alcohol; diverting drugs.
  • Breaking the law: at work or outside of work.
  • Dual relationships: cheating.
  • Disruptive behavior: displaying anger, yelling, throwing things, making faces, gossiping, etc.
  • Financial improprieties: selling items, taking or asking for money or gifts.
  • HIPAA or confidentiality violations: snooping; leaving a computer terminal unattended after logging on; releasing client information; photos, text, or social media with client content; disposing of client information improperly.
  • Inappropriate conduct: flirting, touching, asking for personal numbers or other contact information.
  • Irresponsible or lax supervision: putting client care aside, completing tasks unsafely.
  • Misrepresentation, falsification: lie to, swindle, or harm a client; use false statements in documentation.
  • Practicing with an expired license: working without a current or active license.
  • Practicing outside scope: performing duties that are not allowed by the scope of practice or the organization.
  • Sexual and nonsexual boundary violations: disclosing unnecessary personal information with the client; befriending the client on personal time; hugging, caressing, or kissing the client; exploiting the client.

Novice to Expert

  • The transition from student to newly licensed nurse can be challenging, because novice nurses may be nervous and lack confidence.
  • Novice nurses haven't acquired the practical skills needed to care for complex clients.The acquisition of skills and the development of critical thinking progress from novice to expertise.

Stage 1: Novice

  • This stage is when the person has no experience.
  • During this stage, the individual learns right from wrong, accepts limitations, sets boundaries, and asks questions.
  • The novice is taught processes, steps, and general rules involved in caring for a client, along with the rationale and consequences.
  • Most importantly, learns to catch errors and sort, identify, and prioritize client care.

Stage 2: Advanced Beginner

  • The nurse demonstrates skills based on previous exposure; they need guidelines, prompting, and support from a mentor.
  • They obtain knowledge and experience based on certain situations, known as aspect recognition.
  • Support, guidance, and special advice from a competent and experienced mentor provide an opportunity to grasp an understanding and learn to apply safe client-centered care.

Stage 3: Competent

  • During this stage, the individual can plan, make decisions, and perform their job responsibly and efficiently.
  • The nurse approaches situations as trained and has coping mechanisms for stressful situations.
  • The nurse completes their tasks with little to no error and looks for opportunities to assist others.

Stage 4: Proficient

  • During this stage, the nurse has a rounded understanding of their role, views the situation from beginning to end, and modifies their behavior based on clinical situations.
  • This stage includes advanced decision-making, knowledge, resourcefulness, flexibility, and the ability to address problems.

Stage 5: Expert

  • During this stage, the expert is a master with a deep understanding who multitasks effortlessly.
  • This stage involves teaching and precepting others, and assessing and improving the work environment and the practice of nursing.
  • These individuals know what to do because of their instinctive skills, high proficiency, and wide-ranging clinical experience.

Professional Commitment and Identity

  • Professional commitment is the belief and acceptance of the standards and values of the profession of choice.
  • It requires an effort to represent the standards, a motivation to grow and improve, and the determination to retain and protect membership within the profession.
  • Professional identity (PI) is a nurse’s sense of self as influenced by the values, beliefs, and attributes associated with the nursing discipline.
  • PI includes beliefs, values, attributes, traits, and experiences.
  • Shaping PI begins in the nonclinical classroom environment.
  • During clinical courses, the PI of a student undergoes professional socialization.

Codes of Conduct

  • Codes of conduct protect the business and explain expected behavior or conduct of its employees.
  • A code of conduct has guidelines influencing an employee's specific actions
  • A code of ethics revolves around higher level concepts, establishing a set of principles and influencing the judgment of those involved.
  • The code of professional conduct for nurses is known as the Code of Ethics.
  • The American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics includes ethical standards, obligations, ideals, and values.
  • The code promises to deliver the best, safest, and highest quality client care
  • The Code sets nonnegotiable standards that apply to all nurses in all venues and domains.
  • A nurse must use the Code to guide their clinical reasoning, ethical analysis, judgment, and decision making before acting.

Provisions of Code of Ethics

  • Provision 1: Health care is a universal human right and should be provided without prejudice or bias.
  • Provision 2: The plan of care should integrate participation from the client and collaboration from those who share responsibility; the nurse will ensure safety and promote the client's best interests.
  • Provision 3: The nurse will advocate for and safeguard the right to an environment of privacy, maintaining confidentiality of information.
  • Provision 4: Nurses have the authority, accountability, and responsibility for practice.
  • Provision 5: Nurses are entitled to the same respect as others, and they are free to express their own moral point of view.
  • Provision 6: Nurses will construct and promote good environments that nurture excellent nursing practice.
  • Provision 7: Human or animal research will be soundly constructed.
  • Provision 8: The highest achievable standard of health is a fundamental human right.
  • Provision 9: It is the responsibility of collective nursing profession to strengthen the central nursing values.

Advocacy

  • Advocacy is the act of defending the interests, rights, and safety of those who cannot do it for themselves.
  • Advocacy includes assisting a client to obtain needed care, defending the rights of the client, assuring quality of care, and serving as a link between the client and the health care system.
  • Failure to advocate places the client’s rights, welfare, and needs in jeopardy.
  • Advocacy is not easy; nurses may face obstacles, resistance, or limited opportunities to address the rights, welfare, or choice of the client.

Ways to Advocate

  • Safeguard the rights of the client by knowing what their wishes are.
  • Educate the client on medications and treatments to improve quality of life.
  • Give the client a voice by helping them ask questions, get answers, and understand.
  • Protect the client from harm against unsafe conditions or unwanted medications, treatments, or procedures.
  • Communicate, propose alternatives, and take action for the client.
  • Connect to resources for meals, transportation, prescriptions, financial assistance, or support groups.
  • Error check and ask another nurse or a pharmacist to verify medications and dosages.

Phases of Advocacy

  • Phase 1: Assessment - Determine the client’s level of understanding, interests, personal values, mental function, and awareness of rights.
  • Phase 2: Identification - Identify the goals of the client, which are based on their needs and beliefs; explain so the client can make an informed decision to consent or to refuse.
  • Phase 3: Implementation - Implement a plan to communicate the client’s preferences to the rest of the interprofessional team, including the goals and the steps involved in accomplishing them.
  • Phase 4: Evaluation - Review the outcomes or findings, considering the satisfaction of the client, family, caregivers, and the rest of the interprofessional team.

Model of Professionalism in Nursing

  • Professionalism has inner and outer processes; the point at which they intersect manifests professionalism.
  • Inner processes are beliefs, values, and attitudes, while outer processes are behaviors or actions; both function within the culture, policies, and expectations.
  • Professionalism grows over time with the following: interactions and relationship with the client, the importance of appearance in uniform, the belief and culture of service and duty Complex areas such as client-centered care, safety, and health advocacy.

Accountability

  • Accountability is a legal obligation with a moral and ethical commitment to do the right thing.
  • It means taking ownership of decisions and actions and being responsible and answerable for actions and the consequences of those actions (e.g., telling the truth or being respectful).
  • Professional accountability deals with legal and ethical aspects of nursing practice and the effect they have on decision making, quality client care, and safety standards.
  • Accountability establishes acceptable boundaries and ensures that the nurse takes their duties seriously, plans actions, and intervenes competently.

Responsibility

  • Responsibility is an obligation to perform work, duties, or tasks using sound professional judgment.
  • Responsibility means being reliable, dependable, and following through with commitments.
  • It means thinking things through, completing a task at an acceptable level, and accepting the consequences.
  • Nursing responsibilities include all the nursing competencies acquired during didactic and clinical experiences as a student and newly licensed nurse.
  • Responsibility consists of appropriate, effective, and knowledgeable "tasking" or providing care that is based on the level to which the person has been educated.

Nursing Responsibility

  • Be knowledgeable and skilled in assessment (RN) and the collection of client data (PN).
  • Identify and clarify any client need or problem.
  • Respond to the identified need or problem and implement client-centered care.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness or outcome of the care provided.

Professional nursing competency incorporates knowledge, skills, abilities, attitude, and values.

  • Professional competence is when nurses have correct behaviors, judgments, and actions in daily nursing activities.
  • Professional competence is expected of nurses.
  • Each nurse is held accountable to maintain their professional skills by their employer or regulatory agencies.
  • A commitment to lifelong learning maintains professional competence and quality nursing practice that supports safe, competent care.

Leadership Styles

  • A leader is an individual who inspires the best in others and guides them to work as a team to accomplish a common goal.
  • Leaders use interpersonal skills to influence attitudes, behaviors, feelings, and beliefs.
  • Nurse leaders develop through self-reflection, visionary thinking, seeking out new knowledge, and working effectively.
  • Nurse leaders communicate and engage the actions of others, benefiting the nursing profession, clients, and the health care environment.
  • Autocratic/authoritarian leadership: Leaders make choices for others.
  • Democratic leadership: Group members are encouraged to contribute to the decision-making process.
  • Laissez-faire leaders: Leaders promote innovation and originality with a hands-off approach.

Transactional Leaders

  • Transactional leaders establish standards, highlight obligations, concentrate on monitoring behaviors, and reward or punish based on how tasks are completed.
  • They encourage compliance with the rules; they promote continuity of the norm and dependency on the leader’s decisions.
  • They do not encourage creativity, nor do they motivate others to find solutions to existing problems.

Transformational Leaders

  • Transformational leaders establish a common mission and vision and encourage employees to heighten their level of performance.
  • They focus on a person’s willingness to change and stimulates them to assess current structures and develop fresh new ways to improve them.
  • They inspire others to be part of the team.
  • They are passionate about their cause and display compassion and a sense of understanding toward others on the team.

Laissez-Faire Leaders

  • Laissez-faire leaders are hands-off leaders that oversee and encourage their team to work independently, providing little direct control over decision making.
  • They relinquish the power and responsibility to others, facilitating independent decision making, goal setting, and solutions.
  • Laissez-faire leaders have confidence in the skills and knowledge of others, remain available and open for consultation, and allow employees to work with little to no oversight.

Bureaucratic Leaders

  • Bureaucratic leaders abide by the specific policy and procedures or rules established within a top-down decision-making organization.
  • This leader is “by the book” and relies heavily on consistency and adherence to rules.
  • Bureaucratic leaders pay great attention to detail, which helps to bring control and clarity to situations.

Situational Leaders

  • Situational leaders are flexible and move from style to style depending on the circumstances at hand.
  • These leaders assess the situation and decide which strategy is best to use based on the task, nature of the group, or requirements of the organization.
  • Situational leaders align their style to assist in the development and growth of others and the overall effectiveness of the organization.
  • Nurses are situational leaders because they assess each client individually and manage their care depending upon the client’s specific needs.

Nurse's Role Within an Organization

  • Nurses blend clinical knowledge, technical skills, and critical thinking with sensitivity, compassion, and caring.
  • The primary role of a nurse is to care and advocate for clients of all ethnic and religious backgrounds.
  • Other responsibilities include collection and documentation of client data, delegation of tasks to assistive staff, health education, administration of medications and treatments
  • Nurses can also operate medical equipment, advocate for the client, share in decision making, provide effective communication and coordination of client care in collaboration with the interprofessional team

Common Nursing Roles

  • Caregiver: respecting the dimensions of the client, including their needs, values, beliefs, emotions, opinions, and preferences.
  • Critical thinker: interpreting and examining a problem; reasoning and applying a solution; and evaluating outcomes.
  • Advocate: using the four phases in the process of advocacy (assessment, identification, implementation, and evaluation).
  • Change agent: recognizing a problem, determining a need, recommending a plan, and participating in interprofessional care and evaluation.
  • Educator: teaching and supporting clients to better comprehend, address, and assume responsibility for their own health status.
  • Counselor: considering and encompassing the intellectual, emotional, mental, and psychological aspects of the client.
  • Leader: guiding others by using interpersonal skills to influence attitudes, behaviors, feelings, and beliefs.
  • Mentor: sharing knowledge and time to support, guide, encourage, and motivate another nurse.
  • Researcher: using past and present evidence-based research to improve nursing practice.
  • Care coordinator: organizing client care, including the client, family, interprofessional team members, and resources required to provide care.

Chain of Command

  • The chain of command is an organizational hierarchy identifying the lines of authority within an organization.
  • Each organization has a chain of command identifying the order used to notify superiors.
  • Using the chain of command protects the client, raises organizational awareness, and contributes to a culture of safety.
  • The nurse is required to document efforts as they move along the chain of command.

Shared Governance

  • Shared governance is a shared-decision structure that gives nurses control over their own practice.
  • It is the process that guides decisions towards accountability and ownership of clinical outcomes.
  • It is intended to take nurses from the point of care to the decision-making table, unifying the core values and beliefs of nursing to advance quality client care.
  • Shared governance empowers individual autonomy, contribution, and engagement in nursing practice, which promotes collaboration, professional development, and accountability.

Principles of Shared Governance

  • Principle One: Professional governance is grounded accountability where members uphold the Code of Ethics and regulatory bodies
  • Principle Two: Organizational processes are designed around accountability, where those with authority take ownership for and are held liable for their decisions and actions.

Shared Governance Model

  • The core of the shared governance model consists of the client and the interprofessional team, surrounded by four interlocking principles: caring is the essence of nursing; navigation is guiding the client in the health system; knowing is safe care with evidence-based knowledge; leading is advancing care in the organization and community.

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Learning Objectives:

  • Discuss professional behaviors that are consistent with those of a nurse.
  • Identify the purpose of accountability and responsibility in the role of the nurse.
  • Explore leadership styles and the related characteristics of each.
  • Discuss the nurse’s role when functioning within an organization.

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