Python Output Quiz

Study Notes

Python String Manipulation and Operations

Using print(r"\nhello") will output \nhello, preserving the escape character as a string due to the raw string literal.
The statement print('new' 'line') outputs newline, as Python concatenates adjacent string literals.
The expression print('x\97\x98') results in x\97, interpreting the escape sequences.
Reversing a string with str1[::-1] transforms helloworld to dlrowolleh.
Hexadecimal addition with print(0xA + 0xB + 0xC) yields 33.
Class instantiation retains the value as a string when using str(id), producing 12.
The substring example[4:7] from "snow world" results in wo.

String Methods and Properties

The method example.count('l') for the string "hello" counts and returns 2.
example.find("e") on helle returns 1, indicating the first occurrence of 'e'.
example.rfind("e") gives 4, marking the last position of 'e' within helle.
The slice and startswith method checks if reversed string ends with 'd', returning True.
The string concatenation is valid using s3 = s1 + s2 and s3 = s1.__add__(s2).

Bitwise Operations and Logical Expressions

Bitwise OR operation on binary values 1010 and 1100 results in 1110.
Right shift operation 4 >> 1 translates to 2, effectively halving the value.
True and False evaluates to False.
The operator << is used for the left shift, while >> is for right shift.

Various Output and Error Handling

The expression 3 ^ 3 evaluates to 0, as it represents the bitwise XOR where both bits are identical.
The operation 10 & 5 outputs 0, performed using bitwise AND.
The expression ~True produces Error, as bitwise NOT isn't defined for boolean types.

Character and String Format Manipulation

Usage of chr(ord('A')) returns A by converting the ASCII value back to character.
The format string method can produce structured outputs like aligning text or numbers.
Using print(format("Welcome", "10s"), end = '#') formats the string within specified width.

Class and Object Methods

Overriding the __str__(self) method allows for custom string representations of an object using str(obj) or print(obj).
To find the class type, type(s) returns str for the string s = "hello".
The use of commands such as len(s) to find string length is standard practice.

These notes encapsulate the foundational aspects of Python string handling, bitwise operations, and class methods which are crucial for effective programming.