PX53 - Characteristics of Students with Disabilities

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are common characteristics of students with mild disabilities? (Select all that apply)

Psychological characteristics

Educational characteristics

Social characteristics

All of the above (correct)

What are psychological characteristics of students with mild disabilities?

Mild disability undetected until school years, cause difficult to detect, same physical appearance as regular education students, poor self-concept.

What are educational characteristics of students with mild disabilities?

Lack of interest in school work, prefer concrete lessons, weak listening skills, low achievement, limited verbal or writing skills, distractibility.

What are social characteristics of students with mild disabilities?

Experience friction when interacting with others, function better outside of school, need adult approval, difficulty finding and maintaining employment. Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of categorizing students by disability type?

Facilitates funding, aids communication among professionals, raises public awareness, promotes tolerance. Signup and view all the answers

What are the disadvantages of categorizing students by disability types?

Shapes teacher expectations, may exaggerate actions of labeled students, can lead to negative biases, and unreliability of diagnostic labels. Signup and view all the answers

What are organic mild learning and emotional disabilities?

Pre, peri, and postnatal factors, genetic factors, alcohol or drug abuse, biochemistry, maturation. Signup and view all the answers

What are cross-categorical disabilities?

ADHD, pervasive developmental disorder, Asperger's syndrome, and nonverbal learning disorder. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of ADHD?

Coexisting learning disabilities, chemical imbalance in the brain, difficulties with executive functions, hyperactivity diminishes but inattention persists. Signup and view all the answers

What is pervasive developmental disorder (PDD)?

A term for a group of neurological conditions with delays in social, communication, and cognitive development. Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of pervasive developmental disorder?

Moderate range behavioral issues, potential profound mental retardation, severe impairments across many functional areas. Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of Asperger's syndrome?

Normal intelligence and language development, autistic-like behaviors, restricted interests, difficulty in social interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of non-verbal learning disorder?

Early verbal skills but issues with coordination, visual recall, executive functioning, and nonverbal communication. Signup and view all the answers

What are the environmental causes of mild disabilities?

Safety factors, nutrition, toxins, language and sensory deprivation, emotional and psychological factors, inadequate education. Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of language and sensory deprivation?

Delayed intellectual learning and emotional development, verbal language difficulties due to lack of stimulation. Signup and view all the answers

What are emotional and psychological factors behind mild disabilities?

Unstable, abusive, or stressful home life contributing to poor emotional and social development. Signup and view all the answers

Who is served under Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act?

Children with autism, deaf-blindness, emotional disturbance, intellectual disability, and others. Signup and view all the answers

Who receives Public Law 99-457, Part H services?

Infants and toddlers, ages birth to three, and their families; focuses on cognitive, physical, and social development. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the special population at risk?

Infants, toddlers, preschoolers with developmental delays, and children from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk of school dropouts?

Students with emotional disturbances, older secondary students, and those with disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence retention found by Warner?

Individual attention, smaller classes, job-specific vocational education, and socialization. Signup and view all the answers

What are the aspects of multidisciplinary evaluation and eligibility?

Comprehensive evaluation through tests, observations, and interviews when modifications have been insufficient. Signup and view all the answers

What rules are set by law for multidisciplinary evaluation and eligibility?

Testing in native language, preventing discrimination, using validated assessment tools, and ensuring parental consent. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Characteristics of Students with Mild Disabilities

Psychological, educational, and social characteristics are common among students with mild disabilities.

Psychological Characteristics

Often undetected until school years; causes are difficult to identify.
Similar physical appearance to peers in regular education.
Poor self-concept may be prevalent.

Educational Characteristics

Lack of interest in schoolwork; prefer concrete lessons over abstract.
Display weak listening skills and low achievement levels.
Verbal and writing skills are often limited; respond better to active learning tasks.
Higher dropout rates compared to regular education students; achievement often aligns with teacher expectations.
Require instructional modifications and can be easily distracted.

Tend to experience friction in peer interactions; function better outside of school.
Depend on adult approval; struggle with maintaining employment post-school.

Advantages of Categorizing Disabilities

Enables federal and local funding for special education programs.
Facilitates professional communication regarding learning characteristics.
Labels can raise public awareness and advocacy for disabilities.
Promotes tolerance towards minority students with disabilities.
Leads to development of specialized educational methods and interventions.

Disadvantages of Categorizing Disabilities

Labels can shape teacher expectations, impacting student achievement.
Exaggeration of behaviors in labeled students compared to their peers.
Creates a perception of qualitative difference between labeled and non-labeled children.
Diagnostic labels can be unreliable; criteria may vary between states.
Places blame for learning problems on parents, creating guilt.

Organic Mild Learning and Emotional Disabilities

Influenced by prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors, including genetics and substance abuse.
Biochemical and maturation issues play a role in development.

Cross-Categorical Disabilities

Includes ADHD, pervasive developmental disorder, Asperger's syndrome, and nonverbal learning disorder, highlighting overlapping learning problems.

Characteristics of ADHD

Classified under various labels; prevalence of coexisting learning disabilities is about 25%.
Resulting from chemical imbalances affecting executive functions like planning and attention.
Inattention persists into adulthood; hyperactivity typically decreases with age.

Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD)

Encompasses neurological and biological conditions with delays in social, communication, and cognitive development.
Autism is the most recognized form of PDD.

Characteristics of Pervasive Developmental Disorder

Behaviors range from moderate to severe impairments affecting intellectual, adaptive, social, and motor functioning.

Characteristics of Asperger's Syndrome

Neurological condition with normal intelligence and language but marked social and communication difficulties.
Inclined to prefer routine; struggle with body space and reading nonverbal cues.

Characteristics of Non-Verbal Learning Disorder (NLD)

Originates in the right hemisphere, affects coordination and visual-spatial skills.
Often high verbal abilities but struggles with social judgment and nonverbal communication.

Environmental Causes of Mild Disabilities

Include safety factors, nutrition, exposure to toxins, and emotional deprivation.
Inadequate education and traumatic home environments contribute negatively.

Language and Sensory Deprivation

Absence of sensory and cognitive stimulation delays emotional and intellectual development.
Inadequate caregiver interaction can lead to verbal language issues.

Emotional and Psychological Factors

Unstable early home life contributes to poor emotional and social development.

Part B of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Covers thirteen disability categories including autism, emotional disturbance, and learning disabilities.

Public Law 99-457, Part H Services

Aimed at infants and toddlers (birth to three years) with developmental delays.
Emphasizes family-centered intervention in natural environments.

Special Populations at Risk

Includes infants, toddlers, and children from low socioeconomic backgrounds.

Risk of School Dropouts

Students with emotional disturbances have the highest dropout rates.
Older secondary students are at greater risk; those with disabilities less likely to earn diplomas.

Factors Influencing Retention

Individual attention and smaller class sizes significantly enhance retention rates.
Extra support and job-specific vocational education improve performance and reduce absenteeism.
Social involvement outside school reduces dropout likelihood.

Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Eligibility Aspects

Comprehensive evaluations triggered if general instructional modifications are ineffective.
Includes standardized tests and observations to inform educational decisions.

Rules for Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Eligibility

Testing in native language and culturally fair assessment is mandated.
Parents must be notified and give consent for evaluations; they can request independent evaluations if needed.
Parental involvement in the evaluation process is encouraged.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the various characteristics of students with mild disabilities through this informative flashcard quiz. Learn about the psychological, educational, and social traits that define these students. This quiz is essential for educators and those interested in special education.