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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of upward communication in an organization?
What is the primary function of upward communication in an organization?
- To send information from subordinates to superiors (correct)
- To gather feedback from superiors
- To instruct subordinates on task completion
- To facilitate communication among peers
Which type of communication occurs between departments at the same rank in an organization?
Which type of communication occurs between departments at the same rank in an organization?
- Lateral communication (correct)
- Crosswise communication
- Vertical communication
- Downward communication
What characterizes downward communication within an organization?
What characterizes downward communication within an organization?
- Messages sent across departments of the same level
- Feedback from peers to management
- Information flowing from superiors to subordinates (correct)
- Communication that happens informally
Which form of communication refers to channels of message flow that are unofficial?
Which form of communication refers to channels of message flow that are unofficial?
What is NOT a type of organizational communication defined in the content?
What is NOT a type of organizational communication defined in the content?
What is a defining characteristic of purposive communication?
What is a defining characteristic of purposive communication?
What type of communication involves the use of body language?
What type of communication involves the use of body language?
Which of the following best describes visual communication?
Which of the following best describes visual communication?
Why is context important in purposive communication?
Why is context important in purposive communication?
What does purposive communication emphasize in its delivery?
What does purposive communication emphasize in its delivery?
Which of the following is NOT a type of communication according to mode?
Which of the following is NOT a type of communication according to mode?
In purposive communication, clarity is crucial for which purpose?
In purposive communication, clarity is crucial for which purpose?
Which of the following statements about purposive communication is true?
Which of the following statements about purposive communication is true?
What distinguishes a language from a dialect?
What distinguishes a language from a dialect?
What is the primary difference between language acquisition and language learning?
What is the primary difference between language acquisition and language learning?
Which of the following best describes a speech community?
Which of the following best describes a speech community?
What is the term for the first language acquired by a child?
What is the term for the first language acquired by a child?
What is necessary for effective communication according to the outlined objectives?
What is necessary for effective communication according to the outlined objectives?
Which of the following statements is true regarding language and dialect?
Which of the following statements is true regarding language and dialect?
What is implied by the term 'phonology' in the context of language?
What is implied by the term 'phonology' in the context of language?
What means of communication would be typically measured for effectiveness?
What means of communication would be typically measured for effectiveness?
What type of communication employs formal language and is typically delivered through speeches or reports?
What type of communication employs formal language and is typically delivered through speeches or reports?
Which of the following best describes informal communication?
Which of the following best describes informal communication?
According to Aristotle’s communication model, which element relates to the credibility of the speaker?
According to Aristotle’s communication model, which element relates to the credibility of the speaker?
What does Pathos in Aristotle's model primarily address?
What does Pathos in Aristotle's model primarily address?
Which component of Aristotle's communication model signifies logic?
Which component of Aristotle's communication model signifies logic?
What is the main purpose of formal communication?
What is the main purpose of formal communication?
Which of the following statements about communication types is false?
Which of the following statements about communication types is false?
How does a speaker usually influence an audience according to Aristotle’s model?
How does a speaker usually influence an audience according to Aristotle’s model?
What are the essential elements of Laswell's communication model?
What are the essential elements of Laswell's communication model?
Which model was introduced for radio and television communication?
Which model was introduced for radio and television communication?
Which of the following communication models is considered the most well-known?
Which of the following communication models is considered the most well-known?
What is the primary focus of Aristotle's communication model?
What is the primary focus of Aristotle's communication model?
When was Laswell's communication model developed?
When was Laswell's communication model developed?
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Study Notes
Purposive Communication
- A process of exchanging information using a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.
- Involves sending and receiving messages in a manner where the audience understands the information.
Types of Communication
- Verbal Communication: Utilizes words to convey messages.
- Non-verbal Communication: Involves body language to express messages.
- Visual Communication: Uses visuals to convey information.
Context in Communication
- Context refers to the circumstances or environment in which communication occurs.
Characteristics of Purposive Communication
- Intentional and goal-oriented communication aimed at achieving specific objectives.
- Strives for clarity and precision to inform, persuade, or engage the intended audience.
- Emphasizes deliberate selection of content, tone, medium, and delivery method.
Key Questions for Effective Communication
- What is the primary goal or objective?
- Who is the intended audience?
- What message needs to be conveyed?
- What channels or mediums will be employed?
- How will effectiveness be measured?
Language vs. Dialect
- Language: A systematic means of communicating ideas, requiring rules (grammar), a sound system (phonology), and vocabulary (lexicon).
- Dialect: A specific language variation characteristic of a region, social group, or community (e.g., Mandarin and Cantonese as dialects of Chinese).
Language Acquisition vs. Language Learning
- Language Acquisition: Natural language development occurring through community exposure during growth.
- Language Learning: A deliberate process of learning a language, regardless of its order (first or second).
Organizational Communication
- Structured communication flows through designated channels within an organization.
- Upward Communication: Feedback from subordinates to superiors.
- Downward Communication: Instructions from superiors to subordinates.
- Horizontal Communication: Information exchange among peers in the same rank.
- Crosswise Communication: Interaction between different units/departments at various levels.
- Informal structure emerges from unofficial message flow.
Types of Communication by Purpose and Style
- Formal Communication: Involves structured, professional exchanges (e.g., reports, speeches).
- Informal Communication: Casual conversations enhancing relationships among friends and family.
Communication Models
- Aristotle’s Model: Involves Ethos (credibility), Pathos (emotional connection), and Logos (logic).
- Laswell’s Model: Analyzes communication by focusing on five Ws: Who, What, Which channel, Whom, and What effect.
- Shannon-Weaver Model: A technical model originally designed for radio/TV communication, later adapted for general communication.
- Berlo’s Model: Widely recognized model that emphasizes the importance of the communicator's skills and audience reception.
Additional Terms
- Speech Community: A group sharing a common language, facilitating mutual understanding.
- Mother Tongue: The first language acquired naturally during childhood.
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