Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis Quiz

Parent compounds of two types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds found in DNA and RNA.

A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compound with a single ring structure, including cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compound with a double ring structure, including adenine and guanine.

A molecule composed of a nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine) linked to a sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose).

A molecule consisting of a nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups attached to the sugar molecule.

The process of creating new purine nucleotides from simpler molecules, starting with ribose-5-phosphate.

The process of creating new pyrimidine nucleotides from simpler molecules, starting with aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate.

A step-by-step diagram depicting the series of reactions involved in the synthesis of both purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.

The process of building purine nucleotides from scratch using simple molecules. It takes place primarily in the liver and uses ribose 5-phosphate as a starting point.

A pathway that recycles pre-existing purine bases and nucleosides into nucleotides. It's important for efficient use of these molecules.

A molecule consisting of a purine base (adenine or guanine) attached to a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose).

A molecule consisting of a purine base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups. They are important building blocks of DNA and RNA.

A molecule that provides the sugar component for purine nucleotide synthesis. It's a key intermediate in the process.

The process of assembling the purine ring structure step-by-step, starting from simple molecules. It's a complex series of enzymatic reactions.

A type of purine base that's found in DNA and RNA. It pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.

A type of purine base that's found in DNA and RNA. It pairs with cytosine in DNA and RNA.

The process of synthesizing purine nucleotides from simpler molecules, starting with ribose-5-phosphate. This pathway is crucial for the production of building blocks for DNA and RNA.

An enzyme that converts ribose-5-phosphate to 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), a crucial molecule in both purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis.

The process by which purine nucleotides are recycled and reused. This pathway is essential for cells that cannot synthesize purine nucleotides de novo.

An enzyme involved in the salvage pathway that converts hypoxanthine or guanine into IMP or GMP, respectively.

A deficiency in HGPRT can lead to severe gout and developmental delays.

The process of synthesizing pyrimidine nucleotides from simpler molecules, starting with aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate.

An enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step in pyrimidine biosynthesis.

An enzyme in pyrimidine synthesis responsible for converting carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate to carbamoyl aspartate.

A critical pathway for nucleotide recycling that involves the formation of pyrimidine nucleotides from pre-existing pyrimidine bases.

An enzyme involved in the salvage pathway that catalyzes the conversion of uracil and thymine to their corresponding nucleotides.

A defect in pyrimidine salvage pathway can lead to a deficiency in DNA synthesis and cell growth.

The metabolic process of converting dihydroorotate to orotate using a quinone-containing enzyme.

A crucial intermediate in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis and salvage pathways, important for the formation of UMP.