Mendel's Law of Inheritance
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Questions and Answers

What does the Law of Dominance state?

  • Homozygous individuals always have different alleles.
  • Homologous chromosomes carry different alleles.
  • One allele is dominant and masks the expression of another recessive allele. (correct)
  • Recessive alleles mask the expression of dominant alleles.

In genetics, what does 'homozygous' refer to?

  • Carrying different alleles for a particular trait.
  • Being heterozygous for a specific gene.
  • Having identical alleles for a particular gene locus. (correct)
  • Referring to the physical appearance of an individual.

What is the function of Punnett squares in genetics?

  • To calculate the number of chromosomes in an organism.
  • To identify the location of genes on chromosomes.
  • To determine the physical appearance of an individual.
  • To predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. (correct)

How do alleles relate to homologous chromosomes?

<p>Each homologous chromosome carries different alleles for a trait. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype in genetics?

<p>Genotype involves alleles received at fertilization, while phenotype relates to physical appearance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What branch of biology deals with heredity and variation of organisms?

<p>Genetics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Gregor Mendel conduct his experiments with pea plants?

<p>By crossing various strains and observing their offspring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel observe in the F2 generation when the F1 hybrids were self-pollinated?

<p>3:1 ratio of flower colors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'true breeding' mean in Mendel's terminology?

<p>All offspring from self-pollination are of the same variety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mendel perform hybridization in his experiments?

<p>By transferring pollen between two different colored flowers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Mendel choose garden peas for his genetic experiments?

<p>For their ease of cultivation and short generation time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Law of Independent Assortment state?

<p>Genes for different traits separate independently during gamete formation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage is mentioned regarding the shuffling of genes in sexual reproduction?

<p>Many combinations are generated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Mendel's Principle of Dominance?

<p>One allele masks the expression of another allele (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the separation of genes during gamete formation?

<p>Gene Segregation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do members of gene pairs behave according to the Law of Independent Assortment?

<p>They segregate independently from each other during gamete formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Punnett square, where is the male genotype usually indicated?

<p>Top (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome when homozygous dominant parents (PP x PP) are crossed?

<p>Polled individuals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When crossing a homozygous dominant parent with a homozygous recessive parent (PP x pp), what is the expected outcome?

<p>All offspring would be heterozygous and polled (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype ratio expected when crossing a heterozygous parent with a homozygous dominant parent?

<p>1:1 of homozygous dominant to heterozygous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When crossing homozygous recessive parents (pp x pp), what are the expected offspring genotypes?

<p>Homozygous recessive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an Angus Bull is crossed with a Charolais Cow, what can be inferred about the genotypes of the parents?

<p><strong>Angus Bull:</strong> Homozygous dominant; <strong>Charolais Cow:</strong> Homozygous recessive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Philip's son inherits a blue eye allele from his mother, what is the most likely genotype of Philip's son?

<p>bb (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype of Anne's parents with respect to earlobe attachment?

<p>At least one is Ee (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross between TT PP and tt pp plants, what percentage of the offspring will be tall with purple flowers?

<p>100% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the law of independent assortment, if Mendel observed 50 offspring from a dihybrid cross, how many would you expect to display the tall, white phenotype?

<p>15 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Anne's child inherits the recessive allele for earlobe attachment from her, what is the child's genotype?

<p>ee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross between two TtPp plants, what is the probability that an offspring will be tall but with short stem length?

<p>$\frac{3}{16}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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