Mendel's Law of Inheritance

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What does the Law of Dominance state?

Homozygous individuals always have different alleles.

Homologous chromosomes carry different alleles.

One allele is dominant and masks the expression of another recessive allele. (correct)

Recessive alleles mask the expression of dominant alleles.

In genetics, what does 'homozygous' refer to?

Carrying different alleles for a particular trait.

Being heterozygous for a specific gene.

Having identical alleles for a particular gene locus. (correct)

Referring to the physical appearance of an individual.

What is the function of Punnett squares in genetics?

To calculate the number of chromosomes in an organism.

To identify the location of genes on chromosomes.

To determine the physical appearance of an individual.

To predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. (correct)

How do alleles relate to homologous chromosomes?

Each homologous chromosome carries different alleles for a trait. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype in genetics?

Genotype involves alleles received at fertilization, while phenotype relates to physical appearance. Signup and view all the answers

What branch of biology deals with heredity and variation of organisms?

Genetics Signup and view all the answers

How did Gregor Mendel conduct his experiments with pea plants?

By crossing various strains and observing their offspring Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel observe in the F2 generation when the F1 hybrids were self-pollinated?

3:1 ratio of flower colors Signup and view all the answers

What does 'true breeding' mean in Mendel's terminology?

All offspring from self-pollination are of the same variety Signup and view all the answers

How did Mendel perform hybridization in his experiments?

By transferring pollen between two different colored flowers Signup and view all the answers

Why did Mendel choose garden peas for his genetic experiments?

For their ease of cultivation and short generation time Signup and view all the answers

What does the Law of Independent Assortment state?

Genes for different traits separate independently during gamete formation. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage is mentioned regarding the shuffling of genes in sexual reproduction?

Many combinations are generated Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Mendel's Principle of Dominance?

One allele masks the expression of another allele Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the separation of genes during gamete formation?

Gene Segregation Signup and view all the answers

How do members of gene pairs behave according to the Law of Independent Assortment?

They segregate independently from each other during gamete formation Signup and view all the answers

In a Punnett square, where is the male genotype usually indicated?

Top Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome when homozygous dominant parents (PP x PP) are crossed?

Polled individuals Signup and view all the answers

When crossing a homozygous dominant parent with a homozygous recessive parent (PP x pp), what is the expected outcome?

All offspring would be heterozygous and polled Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype ratio expected when crossing a heterozygous parent with a homozygous dominant parent?

1:1 of homozygous dominant to heterozygous Signup and view all the answers

When crossing homozygous recessive parents (pp x pp), what are the expected offspring genotypes?

Homozygous recessive Signup and view all the answers

If an Angus Bull is crossed with a Charolais Cow, what can be inferred about the genotypes of the parents?

Angus Bull: Homozygous dominant; Charolais Cow: Homozygous recessive Signup and view all the answers

If Philip's son inherits a blue eye allele from his mother, what is the most likely genotype of Philip's son?

bb Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype of Anne's parents with respect to earlobe attachment?

At least one is Ee Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross between TT PP and tt pp plants, what percentage of the offspring will be tall with purple flowers?

100% Signup and view all the answers

Based on the law of independent assortment, if Mendel observed 50 offspring from a dihybrid cross, how many would you expect to display the tall, white phenotype?

15 Signup and view all the answers

If Anne's child inherits the recessive allele for earlobe attachment from her, what is the child's genotype?

ee Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross between two TtPp plants, what is the probability that an offspring will be tall but with short stem length?

$\frac{3}{16}$ Signup and view all the answers