Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does an induration of 10mm or more in a Montoux Test indicate?
What does an induration of 10mm or more in a Montoux Test indicate?
What is the purpose of conducting a transbronchoscopic biopsy?
What is the purpose of conducting a transbronchoscopic biopsy?
Which of the following describes vital capacity in pulmonary function tests?
Which of the following describes vital capacity in pulmonary function tests?
What is required during a chest X-ray procedure concerning metallic objects?
What is required during a chest X-ray procedure concerning metallic objects?
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What is the normal tidal volume during breathing?
What is the normal tidal volume during breathing?
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What surgical procedure is performed to correct a deviation in the nasal septum?
What surgical procedure is performed to correct a deviation in the nasal septum?
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Which of the following is considered a clinical manifestation of nasal polyps?
Which of the following is considered a clinical manifestation of nasal polyps?
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What type of pharyngitis is characterized by inflammation due to a viral infection?
What type of pharyngitis is characterized by inflammation due to a viral infection?
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Which of the following clinical manifestations is associated with sinus infections or sinusitis?
Which of the following clinical manifestations is associated with sinus infections or sinusitis?
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What is the purpose of administering pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks in medical management?
What is the purpose of administering pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks in medical management?
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What is a common clinical manifestation of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) in toddlers?
What is a common clinical manifestation of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) in toddlers?
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Which diagnostic evaluation method is NOT typically used for diagnosing acute LTB?
Which diagnostic evaluation method is NOT typically used for diagnosing acute LTB?
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What is an appropriate medical management strategy for treating acute LTB?
What is an appropriate medical management strategy for treating acute LTB?
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Which of the following indicates the need for immediate medical attention in a child with LTB?
Which of the following indicates the need for immediate medical attention in a child with LTB?
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Which sign is indicative of severe respiratory distress in a child with LTB?
Which sign is indicative of severe respiratory distress in a child with LTB?
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What is an effective supportive therapy for a child with acute LTB during sleep?
What is an effective supportive therapy for a child with acute LTB during sleep?
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Which of these is NOT a common clinical manifestation of laryngotracheobronchitis?
Which of these is NOT a common clinical manifestation of laryngotracheobronchitis?
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What is one of the potential signs that indicate dehydration in a child with LTB?
What is one of the potential signs that indicate dehydration in a child with LTB?
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Which antibiotic is known as Erythrocin?
Which antibiotic is known as Erythrocin?
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What is the primary nursing management for a patient with acute bronchitis?
What is the primary nursing management for a patient with acute bronchitis?
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Which clinical manifestation might suggest chronic bronchitis?
Which clinical manifestation might suggest chronic bronchitis?
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In the management of pulmonary embolism infarction, what is the primary concern?
In the management of pulmonary embolism infarction, what is the primary concern?
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What does infiltrates and consolidation indicate in a patient's lungs?
What does infiltrates and consolidation indicate in a patient's lungs?
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Which of the following is an antipyretic medication?
Which of the following is an antipyretic medication?
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What is a common respiratory status that should be monitored in a client with bronchitis?
What is a common respiratory status that should be monitored in a client with bronchitis?
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What is one of the main clinical manifestations of acute bronchitis?
What is one of the main clinical manifestations of acute bronchitis?
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What is indicated by decreased breath sounds and prolonged expiration in a patient with chest trauma?
What is indicated by decreased breath sounds and prolonged expiration in a patient with chest trauma?
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Which of the following is a common cause of chronic bronchitis?
Which of the following is a common cause of chronic bronchitis?
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What might the presence of jugular venous distention in a patient indicate?
What might the presence of jugular venous distention in a patient indicate?
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During a thoracostomy, which condition is NOT a typical indication?
During a thoracostomy, which condition is NOT a typical indication?
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Which medication is NOT commonly administered for chronic bronchitis?
Which medication is NOT commonly administered for chronic bronchitis?
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Elevated pCO2 levels in a patient with chronic bronchitis suggest which of the following?
Elevated pCO2 levels in a patient with chronic bronchitis suggest which of the following?
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Which symptom is characteristic of chronic bronchitis?
Which symptom is characteristic of chronic bronchitis?
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What is a potential neurological consequence of chronic hypoxia due to pulmonary heart disease?
What is a potential neurological consequence of chronic hypoxia due to pulmonary heart disease?
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Study Notes
Intradermal Testing
- Read results in 48-72 hours for tuberculosis exposure
- A positive Mantoux Test shows induration of 10 mm; for HIV-positive individuals, 5 mm indicates exposure
- Indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis but does not confirm active TB
Lung Biopsy Types
- Transbronchoscopic biopsy performed during bronchoscopy
- Percutaneous needle biopsy for easier access
- Open lung biopsy for comprehensive analysis
Chest X-Ray
- Remove all metallic objects before the procedure
- Essential for identifying lung conditions or abnormalities
Pulmonary Function Tests
- Measure different aspects of lung function, including:
- Vital capacity: maximum volume after forceful exhalation
- Tidal volume: volume during normal breathing (approximately 500 mL)
- Inspiratory reserve volume: maximum air inhaled after normal inhalation
Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) Clinical Manifestations
- Sore throat, irritability, restlessness, and low-grade fever
- Hoarseness and inspiratory stridor due to airway inflammation
- Tachypnea, dyspnea, and possible cyanosis with thick mucus present
Diagnostic Evaluations for LTB
- Throat cultures and neck X-ray to assess inflammation
- Laryngoscopy for direct visualization of the throat and larynx
Medical Management of LTB
- Utilize cool humidification methods during sleep
- Administer inhaled epinephrine and corticosteroids as needed
- Ensure oxygen therapy and possibly tracheostomy if severe
Nasal Polyps
- Result from ongoing inflammation due to infections or allergies
- External sphenoethmoidectomy may be performed to clear ethmoid sinus secretions
Pharyngitis Overview
- Inflammation of the pharynx, can be acute bacterial, viral, or chronic
- Common treatments include antibiotics and pain relief (e.g., acetaminophen)
Acute and Chronic Bronchitis
- Acute bronchitis follows upper respiratory infections; presents with cough and may involve yellow/green sputum
- Chronic bronchitis characterized by prolonged productive cough lasting ≥3 months for two consecutive years
- Symptoms include dyspnea, wheezing, and possible chest pain
Pulmonary Embolism
- Obstruction of pulmonary arteries by thrombus, potentially leading to lung tissue necrosis
- Symptoms: chest pain, shortness of breath, and changes in breath sounds
Chronic Bronchitis Management
- Recognized by excessive mucus production and chronic cough
- Common causes include smoking, infections, and environmental irritants
- Treatment involves bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics
Cor Pulmonale
- Right ventricular changes due to chronic respiratory disease affecting lung or its vasculature
- Symptoms involve signs of right heart failure such as edema and jugular venous distention
Nursing Responsibilities
- Monitor respiratory status continuously during treatment
- Ensure adequate hydration and provide comfort measures
- Watch for signs of shock and maintain airway patency
Important Laboratory Values
- In chronic bronchitis, anticipate increased pCO2 and decreased pO2
- Assess vital signs regularly and conduct assessments of respiratory function
Emergency Procedures
- Chest tube thoracostomy indicated for pneumothorax and hemothorax
- Prepare for potential tracheostomy in severe respiratory distress situations
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Description
This quiz covers crucial aspects of pulmonary tests, including intradermal testing for tuberculosis exposure, various biopsy types, and chest X-ray procedures. Understanding these topics is vital for identifying and diagnosing lung conditions effectively. Test your knowledge on these essential respiratory health concepts!
