Pulmonary Surfactant

Which layer of the embryo forms the neural tube and continues development within the mesoderm?

Which layer of the embryo gives rise to the cardiovascular system?

Which structure divides the superior and inferior mediastinum?

Which system originates from the ventral wall of the primitive foregut endoderm?

Which structure forms the future lobes of the lungs?

Which structures form the bony framework of the thoracic wall?

Which muscles function in respiration by moving the ribs, thereby changing the volume of the thoracic cavity?

Which ribs articulate with the sternum anteriorly?

Which muscles have attachments to and are superficial to or act as extensions of the thorax?

What is the function of the thoracic wall?

Which structures compose the posterior thoracic wall?

Which nerves are responsible for the sympathetic innervation of the thoracic wall?

Where does the vagus nerve exit the thoracic cavity?

Which nerve is particularly at risk during thyroid surgery?

What is the function of the phrenic nerves?

Which muscles change the volume of the thoracic cavity for respiration to occur?

Which muscle forms the inferior border of the thoracic cavity separating the abdomen from the thorax?

Which artery supplies the blood to the thoracic wall predominantly from the anterior side?

Which artery supplies the blood to the lateral thoracic wall?

Which artery supplies the blood to the posterior thoracic wall?

Which artery supplies the blood to the head, upper limb, and thoracic wall?

Which vein drains blood from the abdomen and lower limbs into the right atrium?

Which duct drains the lymphatic system of the whole body, apart from the right upper limb and right side of the head?

Which muscles extend inferiorly in the thoracic cavity?

Which structures are likely to be compressed by a mass in the superior mediastinum near the right brachiocephalic vein?

What can multiple rib fractures resulting in a flail chest alter?

What can displacement of the rib internally cause?

What condition occurs when air accumulates in the pleural cavity and shifts mediastinal structures away from the tension pneumothorax?

What can pericardial effusion ultimately limit within the middle mediastinum?