Public Speaking Concepts and Ethics
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Questions and Answers

What is public speaking?

A specific branch of communication, conveying information to larger groups.

What is critical thinking?

Assessing the information you have accumulated and using that information to solve problems and forge new patterns of understanding.

What does the speech making process entail?

Analyze audience, select topic, determine speech purpose, compose thesis statement, develop main points, gather supporting info, separate into major parts, outline speech, consider presentation aids, practice delivery.

What is communication?

<p>The study of how people create and transfer information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ethnocentrism?

<p>The belief that one's own racial or ethnic heritage is superior to all others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is positive visualization?

<p>Helps overcome nerves and reduce anxiety. Think positive thoughts! Fake it till you make it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three principles of public speaking (3 As).

<p>Authenticity, Audience, Authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define pathos.

<p>Pathos describes your ability to evoke audience emotions and strategically connect these emotions with elements of your speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define logos.

<p>Logical argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define ethos.

<p>Greek term for ethical proof, or audiences' perception of the speaker's credibility, intelligence, and motives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criteria stands for ethics in public speaking?

<p>Evaluate if speech is ethically sound, prepare speech, honesty, telling lies, avoid name calling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is plagiarism?

<p>Presenting another person's work or ideas as your own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name 3 types of plagiarism.

<p>Global plagiarism, Patchwork Plagiarism, Incremental Plagiarism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is global plagiarism?

<p>Taking an entire speech or work and passing it off as one's own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is patchwork plagiarism?

<p>Using two or more sources and passing it off as one's own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is incremental plagiarism?

<p>Failing to give credit for a specific part of the speech either a quote or paraphrasing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are paraphrases used for in public speaking?

<p>Used to support a point (like quotations).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define the listening process.

<p>Concentrating on what is said and how it is said, able to then hear the emotions and emphasis that lie behind the words that add to their meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Difference between hearing and listening.

<p>Hearing: a physical function; Listening: a psychological function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 types of listening?

<p>Appreciative, critical, comprehensive, emphatic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is active listening?

<p>Channeling our energies and efforts so that we actively concentrate on the speaker's complete message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Format of an outline.

<p>Topic, General purpose, Specific purpose, Thesis, Intro, Transition, Body, Conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 3 methods of organization?

<p>Chronological, spatial, topical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an extemporaneous style of speech?

<p>Presentation of a thoroughly prepared speech using an abbreviated set of speaking notes, often in the form of a keyword outline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What roles does nonverbal communication (eye contact, gestures) play in delivery?

<p>Conveys sincerity, comes across as more truthful, more prepared, candid, open, and trustworthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is brainstorming?

<p>Generating potential speech topics, a large number of ideas in relation to a specific purpose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an informative speech?

<p>One that intends to educate the audience on a particular topic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is audience centeredness?

<p>Speaker analyzes the audience to determine the content, language usage, and listener expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is egocentrism?

<p>Only being concerned with your values, interests, or goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stereotyping?

<p>Making assumptions about someone based on such factors as race or gender without considering the person's individuality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the demographics of an audience?

<p>Age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, group membership, ethnic/cultural/racial background.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are attention grabbers?

<p>Hooks that engage the audience immediately, intellectually and emotionally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are open and close ended questions?

<p>Close ended: A closed question can be answered with either a single word or a short phrase; Open ended: long answer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Different types of informative speeches.

<p>Objects, people, events, processes, concepts, issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

4 different tips for informative speeches.

<ol> <li>Don't overestimate what the audience knows; 2. Don't be too technical; 3. Don't persuade!; 4. Relate subject to audience.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

4 basic types of speech presentation.

<ol> <li>Impromptu; 2. Manuscript; 3. Memorized; 4. Extemporaneous.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

3 types of evidence.

<ol> <li>Statistics; 2. Examples; 3. Testimony.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Difference between evidence and quotation.

<p>Evidence: used to support or prove that information is accurate; Quotation: refers to something written or spoken.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rules of attention grabbers.

<p>Not too long or short; relatable; creative; descriptive; transition into the thesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Types of attention grabbers.

<ol> <li>Narrative story; 2. Quote or actual evidence; 3. Rhetorical questions; 4. Striking or shocking statement.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

3 ways to conquer speech anxiety (3 Ps).

<ol> <li>Practice; 2. Prepare; 3. Think positive.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Public Speaking Concepts

  • Public speaking is a branch of communication aimed at conveying information to larger audiences.
  • Critical thinking involves assessing information to solve problems and form new understandings.

Speech Making Process

  • Analyze the audience to tailor content, select a relevant topic, and determine the purpose.
  • Compose a clear thesis statement, develop main points, and gather supporting information.
  • Organize the speech into major parts, outline the structure, and incorporate presentation aids.
  • Practice delivery to enhance performance.

Communication and Ethics

  • Communication is the study of how individuals create and transfer information.
  • Ethnocentrism is the belief in the superiority of one's own racial or ethnic heritage.
  • Ethics in public speaking considers honesty, avoiding deception, and refraining from name-calling.

Plagiarism Types

  • Plagiarism is the act of presenting someone else's work as your own.
  • Global plagiarism involves taking an entire work, while patchwork plagiarism uses multiple sources as one’s own.
  • Incremental plagiarism is failing to credit specific quotes or paraphrased content.

Listening and Assessment

  • The listening process entails focusing on verbal and non-verbal cues to grasp the full message.
  • Hearing is a physical function, whereas listening is a psychological one.
  • Four types of listening include appreciative, critical, comprehensive, and emphatic.

Speech Organization and Style

  • Outline format consists of topic, purpose, thesis, introduction, body, and conclusion with transitions.
  • Common methods of organization in speeches are chronological, spatial, and topical.
  • Extemporaneous style involves delivering a well-prepared speech with minimal notes.

Nonverbal Communication

  • Nonverbal cues such as eye contact and gestures enhance sincerity and trustworthiness in delivery.

Audience Understanding

  • Audience-centeredness requires analyzing demographics like age, gender, religion, and cultural backgrounds to tailor the message.
  • Egocentrism and stereotyping can negatively affect how topics are presented and perceived.

Informative Speeches

  • Informative speeches aim to educate on topics such as objects, people, events, processes, concepts, and issues.
  • Practical tips include avoiding assumptions about audience knowledge, not being overly technical, and relating content to the audience.

Evidence and Attention Grabbers

  • Evidence types include statistics, examples, and testimony, distinguishing it from quotations that surface information directly.
  • Effective attention grabbers should be relatable, creative, and transition smoothly into the thesis.

Overcoming Speech Anxiety

  • Strategies to conquer speech anxiety include thorough practice, proper preparation, and maintaining a positive mindset.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of public speaking, including audience analysis, speech organization, and ethical considerations in communication. This quiz covers various aspects such as critical thinking, plagiarism types, and the importance of integrity in speech making.

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