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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of policy evaluation?
What is the primary focus of policy evaluation?
Which of the following is NOT a component of John Kingdon's Theory of Multiple Streams?
Which of the following is NOT a component of John Kingdon's Theory of Multiple Streams?
In which stage of the policy process does policy formulation occur?
In which stage of the policy process does policy formulation occur?
What role do media serve in the agenda-setting process?
What role do media serve in the agenda-setting process?
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What is implied by the policy process model regarding evaluation?
What is implied by the policy process model regarding evaluation?
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What factors influence the political stream in Kingdon's model?
What factors influence the political stream in Kingdon's model?
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What is an example of a focusing event in the problem stream?
What is an example of a focusing event in the problem stream?
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Which aspect is NOT typically assessed during policy evaluation?
Which aspect is NOT typically assessed during policy evaluation?
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Study Notes
Public Policy Process
- Public policy is a complex process that involves agenda setting, policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation.
- The process is cyclical, meaning that evaluations lead to new policy formulation, which sets the agenda for implementation and subsequent evaluation.
Agenda Setting
- Agenda setting is the process of bringing issues to the attention of policymakers.
- The media plays a significant role in agenda setting, as it shapes the public's perception of issues.
- Media agenda setting involves gatekeepers, major events, and public perception which ultimately influences the policy agenda.
John Kingdon's Theory of Multiple Streams
- Kingdon's theory suggests that policy making occurs when the problem stream, policy stream, and political stream converge.
- The problem stream includes indicators, focusing events, and feedbacks that highlight the need for policy change.
- The policy stream involves technical feasibility, value acceptability, financial viability, and public agreement regarding policy options.
- The political stream considers the national mood, interest groups, and the government's stance on the issue.
- Policy entrepreneurs play a crucial role in bridging these streams and identifying windows of opportunity for policy change.
Policy Formulation
- Policy formulation involves developing policy alternatives for addressing the issue on the public agenda.
- This process takes place in various settings, including government bureaucracies, interest groups, legislative committees, and policy planning organizations (think tanks).
Policy Implementation
- Implementation involves putting policies into action and involves a complex and dynamic process.
- The successful implementation depends on factors such as resources, administrative capacity, and public support.
Policy Evaluation
- Evaluation assesses the effectiveness and success of the implemented policy.
- Evaluations can be quantitative or qualitative in nature, and they aim to identify any unintended consequences of the policy.
- Ideally, evaluation should be a continuous process to inform future policy iterations.
- Most evaluations are unprogrammed and informal, often driven by complaints from interest groups or media reports.
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Description
Explore the intricate stages of the public policy process, including agenda setting, formulation, implementation, and evaluation. Learn about John Kingdon's Theory of Multiple Streams and how media influences policy agendas. This quiz will deepen your understanding of public policy dynamics.