Questions and Answers
Which of the following roles can be part of public health?
What does ADPIED stand for?
Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation, Documentation
Dental caries is considered the most chronic childhood disease.
True
What is the main cause of periodontal disease?
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What are the 5 A's of smoking cessation?
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What does 'Incidence' refer to in public health?
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The study of health and disease in a population is known as __________.
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Match the terms with their definitions:
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What is the most effective method of fluoride application in a community?
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The _______ is responsible for public health issues at the international level.
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The measure of dispersion that is most commonly used in statistics is the range.
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Study Notes
Community Health vs Private Practice
- Community Health emphasizes surveys, needs assessments, program planning, and evaluation.
- Private Practice focuses on health history, diagnosis, treatment planning, and payment.
ADPIED Framework
- Consists of Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation, and Documentation.
Public Health Goals
- Aim to prevent epidemics, protect against environmental hazards, prevent injuries, respond to disasters, assist recovery, and ensure healthcare accessibility.
Health Education and Promotion
- Involves educating individuals and communities, leading to increased health awareness and motivation.
Application of Services
- Fluoride treatment: systemic effects in children; topical in community water supplies.
- 2% neutral sodium fluoride rinse for adults only; not recommended for children under 6.
- Varnish programs are effective for community fluoride delivery and school water fluoridation has higher fluoride levels.
Dental Caries Prevention
- Most chronic childhood disease, prevalent in lower socioeconomic classes.
- Root caries increase in elderly due to various health factors; dental health education and sealants can help.
Periodontal Disease Prevention
- Affects 70% of the population, primarily caused by bacteria.
- Tobacco use significantly increases risk; cessation benefits should be acknowledged even post-damage.
Oral Cancer Prevention
- Major risks include smoking and alcohol use; focus on smoking cessation with the 5 A's framework.
Levels of Community Health
- International: WHO oversees global health needs, using CPITN for periodontal treatment needs.
- Federal: Agencies such as DHHS, CDC, and NIH address national health problems.
- State and Local: Focus on implementing health policies like water fluoridation.
Key Public Health Terms
- Health: Encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being.
- Epidemiology: Study of health and disease in populations, using qualitative and quantitative data.
- Prevalence vs. Incidence: Prevalence measures existing cases; incidence measures new cases.
Epidemiology Factors
- Examines host, biological causes, environmental factors, and lifestyle influences on health.
Definitions
- Epidemic: A large number of cases in a specific area; Endemic: Regular occurrence; Pandemic: Widespread outbreak.
Types of Preventive Services
- Primary: Prevent disease before it occurs (e.g., vaccinations).
- Secondary: Intervention post-onset (e.g., early detection screenings).
- Tertiary: Rehabilitation and prevention of further loss (e.g., dental implants).
Health Statistics Terminology
- Natality, Morbidity, Mortality define birth, illness, and death rates.
- Risk factors can be modifiable (e.g., smoking) or non-modifiable (e.g., age).
Sampling Techniques
- Random: Equal chance, minimizes bias.
- Stratified, Systematic, Judgment, Convenience, Snowball, Quota: Vary in their control and potential bias.
Measurement Scales
- Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio: Different levels of data ranking and categorization.
Research Methods
- Descriptive studies observe correlations; analytical methods test hypotheses.
- Experimental studies have controlled variables; quasi-experimental lacks a control group.
Evaluation of Results using Biostatistics
- Descriptive statistics summarize data; inferential statistics generalize findings.
- Validity, Reliability, Sensitivity, and Specificity: Crucial for assessing data accuracy and consistency.
Correlation in Statistics
- Correlation coefficient assesses the strength of relationships between variables.
- T-tests and ANOVA compare means between groups; P-values indicate the likelihood of chance findings.
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Description
Explore the differences between community health and private practice in this quiz. Learn about essential elements such as survey needs assessment, data analysis, and program planning in public health compared to health history, diagnosis, and treatment in private practice.
