Psychosocial Theory and Hematopoietic Changes

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Questions and Answers

What physiological change in the kidneys is typically associated with aging?

Improved blood flow to renal vessels

Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Enhanced concentration ability

Reduction in the number of filtering units (correct)

Which of the following describes a change in the integumentary system as one ages?

Accelerated wound healing

Enhanced moisture retention

Significant loss of dermal regeneration ability (correct)

Increased elasticity of the skin

How does aging affect the nervous system?

Brain weight remains stable and unaffected

Nerve cells may break down due to waste accumulation (correct)

Messages pass between nerve cells more quickly

Nerve cell production increases significantly

What is a common risk associated with decreased kidney function in the elderly?

Higher risk of dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal urine output range for adults?

800-200 ml Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of stiffer renal blood vessels in elderly individuals?

Reduced renal blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What initiative does the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) in the Philippines focus on?

Protection of vulnerable adults from abuse and neglect Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the loss of elasticity in aged skin?

Reduced regeneration capacity of the dermis Signup and view all the answers

Which psychosocial theory suggests that older adults prefer to continue their previous activities as they age?

Continuity theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following changes occur in the gastrointestinal system due to aging?

Alteration in smell and taste Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely consequence of weakened bladder muscles in older adults?

Decreased ability to hold urine Signup and view all the answers

Which theory focuses on the importance of a suitable environment for older adults?

Person-environment fit theory Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is often associated with achlorhydria in older adults?

Malabsorption of iron and calcium Signup and view all the answers

What impact does aging have on the lymphatic muscle walls?

They thin out, affecting contraction strength Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of subculture theory in aging?

Belonging to a group with shared similarities Signup and view all the answers

Which theory directly contrasts with the disengagement theory?

Activity theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental requirement for individuals with complex issues in long-term care settings?

Addressing unique needs and cognitive challenges Signup and view all the answers

Which type of unit is specifically designed to provide temporary care for older adults?

Respite units Signup and view all the answers

Sensory perception disturbances can be caused by which of the following environmental factors?

Safety hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of dementia?

It leads to an abnormal degeneration of the brain. Signup and view all the answers

What should gerontology nurses do to ensure expected outcomes for older adults are met?

Use critical thinking to reassess needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of special care unit mentioned?

Residential units Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of sensory perception often diminishes with aging?

Reduced color discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What role do community-based services play for older adults?

A core for integrated care in community settings Signup and view all the answers

What is functional age primarily determined by?

The ability of the person to contribute to society Signup and view all the answers

Which generation is referred to as the conformists?

Silent generation Signup and view all the answers

To which age range does Middle old fall under according to WHO?

65-74 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is geriatric care primarily concerned with?

Medical care of older adults Signup and view all the answers

Which generation is defined as being born between 1997 and 2010?

Generation Z Signup and view all the answers

What does the Program theory suggest about aging?

A limited amount of genetic material will run out over time. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cellular stochastic theory of aging?

Program theory Signup and view all the answers

What defines normal aging?

Physical and mental changes typically associated with older age Signup and view all the answers

What is presbyopia primarily associated with?

Difficulty seeing fine details and focusing on close objects Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive functions are typically affected by dementia?

Memory recall, problem-solving, and language Signup and view all the answers

What age-related issue is referred to as presbycusis?

High-frequency hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with aging eyes?

Diminished ability to see in dim light Signup and view all the answers

What behavioral change may occur due to cognitive decline associated with dementia?

Mood swings and aggression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of age-related hearing loss?

Difficulty understanding spoken words in noisy environments Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive skill typically shows decline due to damage in specific areas of the brain?

Rationalizing and judgment Signup and view all the answers

What generally causes increased glare sensitivity in older adults?

Age-related changes in the eyes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hematopoietic and Muscular Changes

Hematopoietic changes can lead to increased malignant transformation and higher leukemia incidence.
Muscle cells decrease in number, affecting overall muscle strength and health.
Lymphatic vessel walls thin out, compromising contraction strength and valve closure efficiency.

Psychosocial Theories of Aging

Activity theory emphasizes maintaining engagement in activities throughout aging.
Disengagement theory suggests a natural withdrawal from social interactions in older age.
Subculture theory highlights the importance of belonging to similar groups for older adults.
Continuity theory posits that older adults prefer to continue activities from their younger years.
Age-stratification theory categorizes individuals into age groups, affecting social dynamics.
Person-environment fit theory advocates for comfortable environments tailored to older adults' needs.

Gastrointestinal Changes in Aging

Aging alters smell, taste, gastric motility, and gastrointestinal hormone release, possibly leading to anorexia.
Common issues include constipation and fecal incontinence.
Weakened colonic muscular walls may result in diverticula formation.
Malabsorption of iron and calcium is linked to achlorhydria.

Urinary System Changes

Bladder wall undergoes changes, with muscle weakening, affecting urine storage.
Normal urine output decreases to 800-200ml.
Aging kidneys experience reduced glomerular filtration rate and blood flow.
Difficulty concentrating urine increases dehydration risk.

Integumentary System Changes

Skin shows visible signs of aging, particularly on the hands and face, losing elasticity and regenerative ability.
Slower wound healing occurs due to reduced dermal regeneration.

Nervous System Changes

Aging leads to the natural loss of nerve cells and brain atrophy, resulting in slower message transmission.
Waste products can accumulate in the brain, influencing cognitive function.

Disturbances in Sensory Perception

Vision changes include reduced color discrimination and decreased acuity, requiring reading glasses.
Hearing loss (presbycusis) affects understanding of high-frequency sounds, especially in noisy environments.
Taste sensitivity diminishes with age, leading to altered food preferences.

Cognitive Decline and Dementia

Dementia is not a normal part of aging; it results in significant cognitive decline affecting daily functioning.
Symptoms include memory issues, difficulties with problem-solving and communication.
Cognitive function declines progressively, impacting overall quality of life.

Generational Classifications

The Greatest Generation and Silent Generation are followed by Baby Boomers and Generation X.
Generation Z (born 1997-2010) represents the latest cohort.

Geriatrics and Aging Theories

Geriatrics focuses on medical care for older adults and the study of aging processes.
The WHO classifies middle age as 65-74 years old.
Biological theories of aging include program theories, genes theory, and wear and tear theory.

Evaluation in Gerontology Nursing

Geriatric nurses assess and evaluate whether older adults' outcomes are met, potentially modifying interventions based on their effectiveness.
Community-based services offer integrated care essential for older adult populations.

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Description

This quiz explores the relationship between psychosocial theory and hematopoietic changes, including the implications for malignant transformations and leukemia incidence. It also addresses the changes in muscle cell numbers and lymphatic vessel structure.