Psychopharmacology Quiz

Study of the use of medications in treating mental health disorders
Involves understanding the effects of psychotropic medications on the brain and behavior
Key concepts:
- Mechanism of action: how medications work in the brain
- Indications: conditions for which medications are prescribed
- Contraindications: conditions or situations in which medications should not be used
- Side effects: potential adverse effects of medications
- Drug interactions: effects of combining medications

Pervasive patterns of thought, behavior, and emotional experience that deviate from cultural norms
Classified into 3 clusters:
- Cluster A: odd or eccentric (e.g. paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal)
- Cluster B: dramatic or emotional (e.g. borderline, histrionic, narcissistic)
- Cluster C: anxious or fearful (e.g. avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive)
Key features:
- Chronic and inflexible patterns
- Impairment in social and occupational functioning
- Difficulty with impulse control and emotional regulation

Chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by:
- Distortions in perception, thought, and emotion
- Disorganized thinking and behavior
- Impaired social and occupational functioning
Key symptoms:
- Positive symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and behavior
- Negative symptoms: flattened affect, apathy, social withdrawal
- Cognitive symptoms: impaired attention, memory, and executive function

Disorders characterized by disturbances in mood or emotional state
Key subtypes:
- Major depressive disorder: persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness
- Bipolar disorder: alternating periods of mania and depression
- Cyclothymic disorder: chronic fluctuation between hypomania and depression
Key features:
- Changes in mood, appetite, sleep, and energy
- Impairment in social and occupational functioning

Disorders characterized by excessive and persistent feelings of fear and anxiety
Key subtypes:
- Panic disorder: recurring panic attacks and fear of future attacks
- Social anxiety disorder: fear of social or performance situations
- Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive and persistent worry about everyday things
- Phobias: irrational fears of specific objects or situations
Key features:
- Physiological symptoms: rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling
- Avoidance behaviors: avoidance of situations or objects that trigger anxiety
- Impairment in social and occupational functioning

Involves understanding the effects of psychotropic medications on the brain and behavior
Mechanism of action: how medications work in the brain, e.g. binding to receptors, altering neurotransmitter levels
Indications: conditions for which medications are prescribed, e.g. depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder
Contraindications: conditions or situations in which medications should not be used, e.g. pregnancy, allergic reactions
Side effects: potential adverse effects of medications, e.g. drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth
Drug interactions: effects of combining medications, e.g. increased risk of serotonin syndrome, altered metabolism

Classified into 3 clusters: Cluster A (odd or eccentric), Cluster B (dramatic or emotional), Cluster C (anxious or fearful)
Paranoid personality disorder: pervasive distrust and suspicion of others
Borderline personality disorder: intense emotional dysregulation, impulsive behavior
Avoidant personality disorder: pervasive feelings of social inadequacy, avoidance of social interactions
Key features: chronic and inflexible patterns, impairment in social and occupational functioning, difficulty with impulse control and emotional regulation

Chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by distortions in perception, thought, and emotion
Disorganized thinking and behavior: disorganized speech, difficulty with decision-making, erratic behavior
Impaired social and occupational functioning: difficulty maintaining relationships, performing daily tasks, and maintaining employment
Key symptoms: positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and behavior), negative symptoms (flattened affect, apathy, social withdrawal), cognitive symptoms (impaired attention, memory, and executive function)

Major depressive disorder: persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite and sleep
Bipolar disorder: alternating periods of mania and depression, characterized by extreme mood shifts
Cyclothymic disorder: chronic fluctuation between hypomania and depression, with periods of normal mood
Key features: changes in mood, appetite, sleep, and energy, impairment in social and occupational functioning

Panic disorder: recurring panic attacks and fear of future attacks, characterized by intense fear and discomfort
Social anxiety disorder: fear of social or performance situations, characterized by fear of embarrassment or judgment
Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive and persistent worry about everyday things, characterized by restlessness and feeling on edge
Phobias: irrational fears of specific objects or situations, characterized by avoidance behaviors
Key features: physiological symptoms (rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling), avoidance behaviors, impairment in social and occupational functioning