48 Questions
What major change did the DSM-5 (2013) make to the classification of mental disorders compared to its predecessors?
Introduced a dimensional approach instead of a categorical system
In the DSM-5, how are disorders viewed and rated?
On a continuum of severity
What is the key focus of psychopathology?
Studying the causes of abnormal behavior in mental health disorders
What aspect of diagnosis does the DSM-5 take into account that its predecessors did not?
Gender related differences
Which category is NOT included in the DSM-5 classification of mental disorders?
Learning Disabilities
During which historical period did the 'Deinstitutionalization Movement' occur?
20th Century
What is emphasized by the inclusion of a glossary of cultural concepts of distress in the DSM-5?
Expression and recognition of symptoms of mental disorders across cultures
What is the purpose of the ICD and DSM in the field of psychiatry?
To provide effective classification schemes for psychiatric disorders
Which type of disorder does the DSM-5 NOT include in its classification?
Mood Disorders
Which aspect is NOT included in the definition of psychopathology?
Classification based on genetic markers
What was a significant characteristic of mental hospital care in the 20th Century?
'Global Movement for Deinstitutionalization'
According to Freud, which part of the personality mediates between the demands of the Id and the realities of the external world?
Ego
What is the term used for when there is a failure/disintegration of ego defense or use of pathological mechanisms?
Psychosis
Which psychosexual stage occurs from 6 years to puberty, according to Freud's theory?
Latency Stage
What term is used to describe attaching oneself in an unreasonable or exaggerated way to some person, or arresting emotional development on a childhood or adolescent level?
Fixation
Which part of the personality is considered the source of instinctual drives based on Freud's theory?
Id
What term does Freud use for an overuse of immature or neurotic ego defense mechanisms?
Neurotism
In the DSM-5, which factor influenced the recognition and expression of symptoms of mental disorders?
Cultural factors
Which aspect was NOT considered as part of the categorical classification system in the DSM-III, IV & IV-TR?
Personality Disorders
What is the primary focus of Behavior Therapy?
Changing specific behaviors and emotional responses.
Which technique is derived from the principles of extinction in classical conditioning?
Prolonged exposure therapy.
What is the main goal of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
Modulating emotions by restructuring negative thoughts.
Which psychological approach emphasizes the importance of measurable outcomes?
Behavioral perspective.
What is the key principle behind teaching skills to individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities using operant conditioning?
Changing specific behaviors.
In the context of mental health conditions, what predisposes a person to develop such conditions according to the Cognitive Behavioral Perspective?
Negative emotions lead to maladaptive thoughts.
Which type of abnormalities associated with malfunctions and disorders, such as Down syndrome, can be linked to genetic vulnerabilities?
Abnormalities in the number of chromosomes
In the context of genetic vulnerabilities, what do abnormalities in some genes on chromosomes and naturally occurring variations of genes refer to?
Gene polymorphisms
What is the term for a person's observable characteristics as a result of the interaction between genotype and environment?
Phenotype
What role do myelin and oligodendrocyte-related genes play in schizophrenia?
These genes are important for myelin sheath formation
What essential concept underscores that genetic factors alone do not fully determine the development of mental disorders?
Genotype-Environment Interaction
What neuropsychiatric disorder has been associated with Streptococcus and is discussed in the text?
Tourette's Disorder
What does the term 'nosology' refer to in the context of psychopathology?
Effective classification schemes
According to Freud's theory, which part of the personality mediates between the demands of the Id and the realities of the external world?
Ego
What is the purpose of applying the Biopsychosocial Approach in understanding psychiatric disorders?
To understand disorders from multiple perspectives
Which type of disorders can be treated by Behavior Therapy?
Phobias
Which principles did the training methods used for teaching skills to persons with intellectual disabilities derived from?
Operant conditioning
What is one key difference between Nonshared environmental influences and Shared environmental influences?
Nonshared environmental influences involve twins experiencing different environments, while Shared environmental influences involve twins experiencing the same environment.
What neuroanatomical region is associated with dysregulation in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
Basal Ganglia
Which neurotransmitter imbalance can result in depression, sleeping or eating disorder?
Serotonin
What is the impact of having a stroke at the frontal region of the brain according to the text?
Personality changes
Which psychiatric condition is associated with decreased grey matter volume according to research?
Schizophrenia
What is the main role of neurotransmitter & hormone imbalances in influencing behavior according to the text?
Causing abnormal behavior
What does the social perspective in the text primarily focus on?
Understanding how environmental factors influence mental health
What is a protective factor in mental health?
Influences that modify a person's response, building resilience against mental health problems
Which of the following best describes resilience?
Resilience allows successful adaptation to very difficult circumstances
What is a key consideration in cultural perspectives regarding psychiatric conditions?
Ideas about normal and abnormal differ across different cultures
What is the main difference between protective factors and resilience, according to the text?
Protective factors modify a person's response, while resilience refers to successful adaptation
How do social and cultural perspectives influence mental health programs, as mentioned in the text?
They guide in improving social conditions and understanding cultural differences in mental health
Test your knowledge on identifying criteria for abnormal behavior, diagnostic classification approaches (ICD and DSM), incidence, prevalence, burden of disease, risk factors, causes, and aetiological paradigms for psychiatric disorders.
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