Psychiatric Diagnosis and Classification System

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Questions and Answers

What is the DSM definition of a mental disorder?

A condition only caused by psychological factors

A problem in sociocultural factors affecting mental health

A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbances in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior (correct)

A dysfunction only in the biological processes underlying mental functioning

Which factor does NOT reflect the DSM-5 definition of a mental disorder?

Impairment in cognitive functioning

Dysfunction in the psychological processes

Normal variation in emotion regulation (correct)

Significant disturbance in behavior

What was the primary goal of the DSM's emergence?

To focus solely on sociocultural factors influencing mental health

To classify mental disorders based on neurological causes

To provide a common definition of disorders and promote study of them (correct)

To introduce demon possession as a psychiatric diagnosis

What did DSM-II mainly focus on?

Clarifying and changing names of syndromes Signup and view all the answers

Which theory was NOT historically used to explain mental disorders before the DSM?

Neurological disorders Signup and view all the answers

What was the major improvement in the DSM-III compared to its predecessors?

Enhanced reliability and validity based on research efforts Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the concerns leading to the move for DSM-5?

Acknowledging the political aspect of diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Which DSM revision added consideration of culture to its criteria?

DSM-IV Signup and view all the answers

What is a major change introduced in DSM-5 regarding the structure of diagnoses?

Elimination of axial structure with modifiers for diagnoses Signup and view all the answers

Why is Evidence-Based Practice considered to have significant limitations?

It describes only what is 'average' and not individual variations Signup and view all the answers

Which DSM revision aimed to be empirical and resolve the question of categorical vs. dimensional elements of disorders?

DSM-5 Signup and view all the answers

What aspect was emphasized in the DSM-IV revision compared to DSM-III?

Empirical/research intensive revision Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the DSM-5 process according to Kendler et al. (2009)?

To ensure changes are implementable in routine specialty practices Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern surrounding the DSM-5 as mentioned in the text?

Elimination of existing diagnoses such as Asperger's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which factor was NOT a cause for concern regarding the DSM-5 process?

Openness in the decision-making process Signup and view all the answers

What significant change was introduced in the development process of DSM-5 compared to DSM-IV?

Use of working groups and additional disciplines Signup and view all the answers

What impact did some critics fear regarding the DSM-5 regarding mental illness?

Increased prevalence and stigma Signup and view all the answers

How did Kendler et al. suggest changes should be made in the DSM-5?

By using research evidence to maintain good qualities of DSM-IV and improve clinical practice Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychiatric Diagnosis and the Classification System

Mental disorders can be difficult to identify and classify, and theories have evolved over the years from demon possession to humoral imbalance, sociocultural factors, and neurological/medical disorders.

Definition of Mental Disorder

A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.

Goal of the DSM

The goal of the DSM is to provide a clear, common definition of disorders, foster communication among disciplines, promote the study of disorders, clarify treatment options, and inform payment structures.

Emergence of the DSM

The DSM has evolved over the years, from DSM-I (1952) to DSM-5, with changes aimed at improving reliability, validity, and cultural consideration.

Concerns Leading to DSM-5

Concerns leading to the development of DSM-5 include the need to acknowledge political aspects of diagnosis, resolve categorical vs. dimensional elements of disorders, and address the medicalization of diagnosis.

Evidence-Based Practice

Evidence-based practice aims to identify best practices, but it has limitations, as it only describes what is "average" and does not account for individual variations.

DSM-5 Process

The DSM-5 process aimed to create a manual that is usable by clinicians, guided by research evidence, and maintains continuity with previous editions while making revisions for better clinical practice.

Criticisms of DSM-5

The DSM-5 process has been criticized for its potential to add millions of people to the rolls of those with mental illness, raising concerns about stigma, excessive prevalence, and cultural insensitivity.

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Description

Explore the concept of psychiatric diagnosis, classification systems, and the evolution of theories regarding mental disorders. Topics include demon possession, humoral imbalance, sociocultural factors, and neurological/medical disorders according to Bonder's 'Psychopathology and Function, Sixth Edition'.

Psychiatric Diagnosis and Classification System - Chapter 1

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