Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements best describes a mental disorder according to DSM-5?
Which of the following statements best describes a mental disorder according to DSM-5?
Socially deviant behavior can be classified as a mental disorder regardless of individual dysfunction.
Socially deviant behavior can be classified as a mental disorder regardless of individual dysfunction.
False
What are the primary characteristics of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
What are the primary characteristics of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Persistent and excessive levels of anxiety and worry, muscle tension, sleep disturbance, restlessness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.
Individuals can gain a sense of ___________ with others experiencing similar psychological situations.
Individuals can gain a sense of ___________ with others experiencing similar psychological situations.
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Which of these is NOT a symptom of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
Which of these is NOT a symptom of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
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Match the following psychological disorders with their descriptions:
Match the following psychological disorders with their descriptions:
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Diagnostic labels can sometimes reduce confusion for individuals with psychological disorders.
Diagnostic labels can sometimes reduce confusion for individuals with psychological disorders.
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Name one cost associated with diagnostic labels in psychology.
Name one cost associated with diagnostic labels in psychology.
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Which of the following characteristics is associated with an internal locus of control?
Which of the following characteristics is associated with an internal locus of control?
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Fixed abilities encourage individuals to embrace challenges and persist in their efforts.
Fixed abilities encourage individuals to embrace challenges and persist in their efforts.
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What are the four Ds used to determine if someone has a psychological disorder?
What are the four Ds used to determine if someone has a psychological disorder?
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A psychological disorder can be identified by behaviors that cause significant ______.
A psychological disorder can be identified by behaviors that cause significant ______.
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Match the following concepts with their corresponding definitions:
Match the following concepts with their corresponding definitions:
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Which of the following statements about cultural differences in deviance is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about cultural differences in deviance is TRUE?
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According to the social-cognitive theories, global traits can be effectively applied to all situations.
According to the social-cognitive theories, global traits can be effectively applied to all situations.
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What is the primary focus of social-cognitive theories in psychology?
What is the primary focus of social-cognitive theories in psychology?
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Study Notes
Psychopathology
- Social-Cognitive Theories predict people's actual behavior, using cognitive constructs like goals, values, and expectancies. Situational factors are also important, as global traits don't always apply.
- Rotter's Locus of Control theory distinguishes between internal (healthier, more action-oriented, less anxious) and external (less healthy, less persuasive, lower self-esteem) control.
- Dweck's concept of malleability emphasizes embracing challenges, learning from criticisms, and finding inspiration in others' successes.
- Fixed abilities result in avoiding challenges, giving up easily, ignoring negative feedback, and being threatened by others' success.
What is Psychopathology?
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Psychopathology is the scientific study of psychological disorders, including the disorders themselves.
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Psychological disorders are often defined by four criteria (“the four Ds”):
- Deviance: Behavior considered unacceptable or unusual within a specific society.
- Distress: Negative feelings (for the self or others), caused by the disorder.
- Dysfunction: Maladaptive behavior interfering with daily life.
- Danger: Behavior that is dangerous or violent, directed towards others or oneself.
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DSM-5 defines mental disorders as syndromes characterized by significant disturbances in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior, reflecting dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developmental processes. Mental disorders usually create distress or disability for the person (often in social, occupational, or other important areas). Expected responses to major life stressors aren't considered to be disorders.
Diagnostic Labels
- Diagnostic labels (like Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) can help with treatment and research. They provide a framework but can sometimes reduce understanding of how varied these disorders can be and the overlapping features.
Costs and Benefits of Diagnosis
- Diagnosis can be helpful to individuals (and their families) as it can provide a sense of community with those sharing similar struggles/experiences.
- However, diagnostic labels may create stigma, affecting how individuals are perceived and impacting their self-perception and relationships with others.
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Description
Explore key concepts in psychopathology, including Social-Cognitive Theories, Locus of Control, and the effects of mindset on behavior. This quiz delves into the criteria for psychological disorders and examines the importance of situational factors and traits. Test your understanding of these vital psychological frameworks.
