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Questions and Answers
What is psychology?
The scientific study of the mind and behavior.
Who established structuralism?
Wilhelm Wundt
What is the focus of functionalism?
The adaptive purpose of the mind and behavior.
What were some major movements in psychology?
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Psychoanalysis is focused on conscious processes.
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What is the mind/body problem?
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What is the spacing effect in studying?
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What is a theory in scientific research?
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What does the H.O.M.E.R. approach stand for?
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Study Notes
Psychology vs. Philosophy
- Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
- It relies on empirical data and the scientific method.
- Philosophy uses reasoning and logic to understand the mind and behavior.
The Founding Figures
- Wilhelm Wundt established structuralism using introspection.
- William James established functionalism, focusing on the adaptive purpose of the mind.
Major Movements in Psychology
- Psychoanalysis (Freud) emphasized the influence of unconscious processes.
- Behaviorism (Watson & Skinner) focused on observable behavior.
- The cognitive revolution brought back the focus on mental processes.
- Neuroscience investigates the biological basis of behavior.
- Informatics uses large-scale data and computational tools to analyze psychological data.
- The multidisciplinary approach recognizes the interconnectedness of different levels of analysis.
The Mind/Body Problem
- The mind/body problem concerns the relationship between the mind and the brain.
- Dualism argues that the mind and body are separate entities.
- Physicalism proposes that the mind is a product of the brain.
Effective Studying
- Spacing out studying leads to more effective learning than cramming.
- The testing effect demonstrates that testing oneself enhances retention.
Scientific Method
- A scientific theory explains principles and predicts behaviors or events.
- A hypothesis is a testable prediction derived from a theory.
H.O.M.E.R. Approach
- Stands for Hypothesize, Operationalize, Measure, Evaluate, and Replicate/Revise/Report.
- Outlines the steps involved in the scientific method:
- Hypothesize: Formulate a testable prediction.
- Operationalize: Define variables and measurement methods.
- Measure: Collect data.
- Evaluate: Analyze and interpret data.
- Replicate/Revise/Report: Repeat the study, modify the theory, disseminate results.
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Description
Explore the differences and intersections between psychology and philosophy in this quiz. Delve into the founding figures, major movements in psychology, and the mind/body problem. Test your understanding of how these fields approach the study of the mind and behavior.
