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Questions and Answers
What are the three components of an attitude?
What are the three components of an attitude?
What is the term for attitudes that are conscious and deliberate?
What is the term for attitudes that are conscious and deliberate?
How can attitudes be formed through associations between stimuli and responses?
How can attitudes be formed through associations between stimuli and responses?
What is the term for the discrepancy between existing attitudes and new information?
What is the term for the discrepancy between existing attitudes and new information?
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What is the purpose of self-report measures in attitudinal research?
What is the purpose of self-report measures in attitudinal research?
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What is the function of attitudes that helps individuals define themselves and their social groups?
What is the function of attitudes that helps individuals define themselves and their social groups?
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What is the function of attitudes that serves as a defense mechanism against perceived threats or inconsistencies?
What is the function of attitudes that serves as a defense mechanism against perceived threats or inconsistencies?
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What is the term for indirect methods that assess attitudes through behavioral responses?
What is the term for indirect methods that assess attitudes through behavioral responses?
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Study Notes
Definition and Concept
- Attitude: a relatively enduring organization of beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies towards a person, group, idea, or object.
- Comprises three components:
- Affective (emotional): feelings or emotions towards an object
- Cognitive (knowledge-based): beliefs and knowledge about an object
- Conative (action-oriented): behavioral intentions or actions towards an object
Types of Attitudes
- Explicit attitudes: conscious, deliberate, and intentional attitudes that are easy to self-report
- Implicit attitudes: unconscious, automatic, and unintentional attitudes that are difficult to self-report
Formation and Change of Attitudes
- Classical conditioning: attitudes can be formed through associations between stimuli and responses (e.g., Pavlov's dogs)
- Social learning: attitudes can be formed through observing and imitating others
- Cognitive dissonance: attitudes can change when there is a discrepancy between existing attitudes and new information
- Persuasion: attitudes can change through persuasive messages and social influence
Measurement of Attitudes
- Self-report measures: questionnaires and surveys that ask individuals to report their attitudes
- Implicit measures: indirect methods that assess attitudes through behavioral responses (e.g., Implicit Association Test)
Functions of Attitudes
- Knowledge function: attitudes provide a way to organize and make sense of the world
- Social identity function: attitudes help individuals define themselves and their social groups
- Utilitarian function: attitudes influence behavior and decision-making
- Ego-defensive function: attitudes serve as a defense mechanism against perceived threats or inconsistencies
Attitude Components
- Attitudes comprise three components: affective, cognitive, and conative.
- Affective component: feelings or emotions towards an object.
- Cognitive component: beliefs and knowledge about an object.
- Conative component: behavioral intentions or actions towards an object.
Attitude Types
- Explicit attitudes: conscious, deliberate, and intentional attitudes that are easy to self-report.
- Implicit attitudes: unconscious, automatic, and unintentional attitudes that are difficult to self-report.
Attitude Formation and Change
- Attitudes can be formed through classical conditioning, which associates stimuli with responses.
- Social learning theory: attitudes can be formed through observing and imitating others.
- Cognitive dissonance: attitudes can change when there is a discrepancy between existing attitudes and new information.
- Persuasion: attitudes can change through persuasive messages and social influence.
Attitude Measurement
- Self-report measures: questionnaires and surveys that ask individuals to report their attitudes.
- Implicit measures: indirect methods that assess attitudes through behavioral responses (e.g., Implicit Association Test).
Attitude Functions
- Knowledge function: attitudes provide a way to organize and make sense of the world.
- Social identity function: attitudes help individuals define themselves and their social groups.
- Utilitarian function: attitudes influence behavior and decision-making.
- Ego-defensive function: attitudes serve as a defense mechanism against perceived threats or inconsistencies.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of attitudes in psychology, including the three components of affective, cognitive, and conative attitudes, as well as the difference between explicit and implicit attitudes.
