Psychology Test: Personality and Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying symptoms associated with disorders?

To determine the prevalence of a disorder

To develop a diagnosis for a specific disorder (correct)

To provide clear guidelines for treatment

To identify gifted children

What was the original purpose of developing intelligence tests?

To determine the correlation between intelligence and GPA

To identify individuals with special academic needs

To predict which children would benefit from 'talk' therapy

To predict which children had special academic needs (correct)

What is the primary finding of research on depression as a discrete entity or part of a continuum?

Some evidence of continuity, but not conclusive

Substantial evidence of continuity (correct)

Evidence of both continuity and discontinuity

Evidence that depression is a discrete and categorical entity

What is the influence of adopting a paradigm when conducting a clinical interview?

All of the above options are correct Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a structured interview like the SCID?

To standardize the collection of necessary information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a PET Scan in assessment?

It is a non-invasive way to look for possible damage in a person's brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the MMPI?

To provide a comprehensive picture of an individual's personality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a standardized assessment tool like the GRE?

It allows for the comparison of scores across different populations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criticism of the DSM?

It is based on a medical model of disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of determining the prevalence of a disorder?

To understand the scope of a public health problem Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the MMPI-2?

To diagnose personality disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of standardization in test development?

To establish norms for the test Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a projective test?

Presents ambiguous stimuli to assess unconscious thoughts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a structured clinical interview?

It provides a more objective assessment of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential limitation of the DSM-5?

It may not capture the full range of human experiences Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability?

Test-retest reliability assesses the consistency of scores across different administrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of validation in test development?

To establish the test's ability to measure what it claims to measure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a personality inventory?

It provides a more comprehensive assessment of personality traits Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a test with high emotional intelligence?

It is able to accurately assess emotional well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?

It provides a more comprehensive assessment of cognitive ability Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Personality Tests and Assessments

The MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) is an example of a personality inventory.
A projective test is one in which a person is shown pictures and asked to tell complete stories about the photos, an example of which is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).

Intelligence Tests

Average intelligence is associated with a score of approximately 100.
Intelligence tests were originally developed to predict which children had special academic needs.

Reliability and Validity

Reliability has been improved in the editions of the DSM since DSM-III by providing clear guidelines for identifying symptoms associated with disorders.
A high correlation between GRE scores and first-year GPA would indicate high predictive validity.
Internal consistency reliability refers to a test having items that are all closely related to one another.

Clinical Interviews

A structured interview like the SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV) is used to standardize the collection of necessary information.
The primary purpose of a structured interview is to standardize the collection of necessary information.

Research and Epidemiology

Determining the proportion of a population that has a disorder at a given time is called prevalence.
Epidemiology refers to the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related events or health-related characteristics among populations.

Other Assessments

The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) is a manual used to diagnose mental health disorders and refers to a system of classification.
Emotional intelligence is linked to greater levels of subjective well-being.

Brain Imaging

A PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scan is a technique used to look for the location of possible damage in a person's brain.

MMPI

The MMPI attempts to determine if a person is responding to the test in a valid way by including special validity scales to detect response biases.
The MMPI has special scales, including the ? Scale, L scale, F scale, and K scale, which are termed validity scales.