Psychology Study Notes Overview
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Questions and Answers

Psychology is a science. What makes it so?

  • The systematic process of gathering information which creates the content of psychology (correct)
  • The information gathered by psychology
  • The process of psychology
  • The process of information in psychology
  • Knowing not to pester your mom when she is in a bad mood is using which?

  • Good thinking
  • Common sense (correct)
  • Intuition
  • Commonsense psychology
  • Pop psychology allows for psychology to be made more known to a general audience. Which of the following is not a disadvantage of pop psychology?

  • Scientific ideas are simplified for jargon
  • Scientific ideas become entertainment material for audience
  • Scientific ideas are diluted to the audience
  • Scientific ideas are demystified to be communicated accurately to an audience (correct)
  • Curiosity is a forefront for a scientific mindset. Being curious is which of the following?

    <p>A necessary but insufficient condition to become a scientist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "OMG, this MBTI personality description about me is so accurate!" according to psychology, is BEST an example of an individual who...

    <p>Is victimized by the Barnum effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    JB disproved Mimi's assertion that "he only thinks about himself" by recalling when he helped Mimi find her missing iPhone. What did JB do?

    <p>Used commonsense psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whenever we use commonsense psychology, we fail to realize that commonsense psychology is limited by

    <p>Our inferential strategies and our sources of psychological information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    We can prevent getting addicted to "gacha" games (games wherein we are encouraged to spend in-game and real-life currencies to get a better chance of rolling for "good" game items) because

    <p>We understand that Gacha games are rigged to make us keep rolling for more, especially if we don't get the item we want, thanks to the gambler's fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The assumption that states that human behavior and phenomena follow a natural order was proposed by Alfred North Whitehead. Which of the following scenarios follows his assumption?

    <p>Your chemistry teacher, who explained to the class that combining hot oil and cold water will make for a disastrous chemistry lab class (and will trigger the fire alarm and force an evacuation).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Your friend “seenzoned” your Messenger chat. This has caused you to spiral into a deep abyss of despair and anxiety. The next day, your friend explained to you that she fell asleep and didn't lock her phone (and thus lost her battery), thats why your message was "seen". Your nighttime journey into the depth of despair and anxiety was because

    <p>Did not use the Occam's razor for an explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Einstein predicted that gravity could bend light to create the appearance of two stars, even though there was only one. However, technology was unavailable at this time to observe the phenomenon, making Einstein's prediction

    <p>Untestable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The law of gravity is a law because

    <p>It is applicable to all situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cannot be classified as empirical data?

    <p>The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has undergone five (and a half) revisions. These revisions illustrate...</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has undergone five (and a half) revisions. These revisions illustrate...

    <p>That science is self-correcting to update itself to the latest research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    We disprove hypothesis using modus tollens. We do this because...

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Experiments accomplish which of the following objectives of psychology

    <p>Explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychotherapy and taking psychotropic medication are means to treat mental illnesses. Which of the following goals of science do mental health treatments accomplish?

    <p>Explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher wants to explore if drinking energy drinks affects students' academic performance. The researcher asked students to keep a record of how much millimeters of energy drinks they consumed during the semester. The researcher then obtained the students' QPIs at the end of the semester. Why is this not considered an experiment?

    <p>There is no antecedent condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of research design can the study in number 20 be best considered as?

    <p>a. Ex-post facto design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    We can establish cause and effect relationships using psychology experiments. Which of the following studies illustrates the use of the experimental method?

    <p>Dod light groon light bhopal The effect of light color and loud noises on on</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ben decided to conduct a study. He decided to investigate the effects of watching horror clips on the reading comprehension of students (much to the chagrin of the Ethics committee and the department chair). The quarter decide to make students watch 10-minute horror films and then make them read a paragraph ahout Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). After which the students were made to answer a quiz about ANOVA. Which of the following is the antecedent condition?

    <p>Watching horror clips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The study (refer to number 24) conducted by Ben cannot be considered as a true experiment. Why is this so? Choose the BEST answer.

    <p>There was no control group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychologists who wish to study rare psychological phenomena would probably use which of the following?

    <p>Case studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All of the following predictions meet the minimum requirement for an experiment except...

    <p>There will be a crack on the ground after an earthquake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark asked 30 students to do goblet squats for 15 repetitions. Afterwards, he asked the students to rate their level of "fitness". Mark found that all the students felt "really fit". This is not a true experiment because it lacked...

    <p>an antecedent condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patient X is diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. He responds well to Xanor an anxiolytic Patient X responds so well to Xanor that he became more functional after taking the medication Ono dov Dotiont Vovnorionood on onvinty attock of work Dotiont

    <p>Replicability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "The lived experience of mothers of children in conflict with the law" is an example of a phenomenological study. What makes phenomenological studies different from experiments? Choose the BEST answer

    <p>There is no manipulation of antecedent conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Public Facebook comments and making quantitative and qualitative sentiment analysis from the comments is one of the trends in data mining a new type of research method. The information is readily available online and can be accessed by researchers any given time. This type of study can be best considered as...

    <p>An archival study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whenever we do scientific studies, it is enough to look for sufficient conditions to prove or disprove a hypothesis. This is because...

    <p>Necessary conditions are not always sufficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following topics can best lend itself to the case study method?

    <p>Psychopathy in psychiatry: An account of doctors who have been charged with malpractice in the field of psychiatry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Kim, a child psychologist, wishes to observe a grade 2 student to verify if the student exhibits signs of ADHD. She joins the grade 2 art class and stays in the corner of the classroom. Kim is using which research method to gather data?

    <p>Naturalistic observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scale of measurement provides the least amount of information about a variable?

    <p>Nominal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    “Do you believe that the government is doing a bad job?” is a bad survey question.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychology Study Notes

    • Psychology is a science. Its systematic process of gathering information creates its content.
    • Commonsense psychology is a type of understanding which avoids judgmental biases.
    • Pop psychology popularizes ideas but sometimes diminishes accuracy.
    • Curiosity is a necessary condition for scientific mindset but not sufficient.
    • The Barnum Effect is the tendency to accept vague personality descriptions as accurate.
    • Deductive reasoning and commonsense psychology can be used in problem-solving.
    • Commonsense psychology is limited by insufficient observations and incorrect inferential strategies.
    • Scientific methodology is a systematic process.
    • A scientific perspective considers a broad spectrum, not just anecdotal evidence for conclusions.
    • "Gacha" games can lead to addictive behaviors due to the reward systems in place.
    • Assumptions can lead to biased conclusions (e.g., tarot card reader predictions).
    • A scientific approach requires testable hypotheses and controlled experiments.
    • A research study using "seen" Messenger messages is problematic due to lack of controlled variables, suggesting correlational or ex-post-facto research design.
    • Experimentation involves variables and a control group.
    • Different research designs include correlation, ex-post-facto, experiment and quasi-experiment approaches.
    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is updated to reflect current knowledge in psychology, and is a tool for diagnosis.
    • Hypothesis testing involves proving or disproving statements and is an important scientific method.
    • Psychological phenomena can be evaluated with various methods and tools of research.
    • Replicability and controlled conditions are important to ascertain the reliability of scientific findings.
    • The use of diverse research methods (e.g., case studies, naturalistic observations) can reveal important insights about rare or specific events.
    • Case studies use observations and in-depth analysis, but may not apply to everyone.
    • Archival study uses already existing records, and may be limited based on the way information was collected.
    • Qualitative and quantitative data collection methods exist; Qualitative data is descriptive in nature and can be collected through interviews, observations, and focus groups.
    • Qualitative and quantitative data may be used to develop hypotheses.
    • Case studies are detailed analyses of individuals' experiences or conditions, used for in-depth understanding;
    • Phenomenological studies examine experiences in detail and include diverse perspectives.
    • A phenomenological study differs from an experiment as it doesn't manipulate conditions, but instead focuses on gathering detailed descriptions of experiences.
    • Qualitative methods can complement quantitative research.
    • Research methods (e.g., experiments, case studies, archival research) vary based on the goals, and subject matter.
    • Research strategies should align with the variables being examined.

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    Description

    Explore the foundational concepts of psychology through this quiz. Understand the difference between scientific psychology and commonsense approaches, as well as the critical role of curiosity and deductive reasoning in problem-solving. Additionally, learn about the implications of pop psychology and the Barnum Effect on perception and behavior.

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