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Questions and Answers
What is self-concept?
What is self-concept?
Self-concept is defined as our personal perceptions of our behaviors, abilities, and distinctive traits—a mental image of who we are as individuals.
To recognize a personality trait, individuals must display a certain level of ______ in their behaviors related to that trait.
To recognize a personality trait, individuals must display a certain level of ______ in their behaviors related to that trait.
consistency
Which of the following is NOT considered a personality trait?
Which of the following is NOT considered a personality trait?
- Introversion
- Activity Level
- Talkativeness
- Speaking on two feet (correct)
Self-concept becomes less adaptable with age.
Self-concept becomes less adaptable with age.
What are the two types of self mentioned in the content?
What are the two types of self mentioned in the content?
Which factors are determinants of personality?
Which factors are determinants of personality?
The term 'personality' is derived from the word ______, referring to theatrical masks.
The term 'personality' is derived from the word ______, referring to theatrical masks.
What is typically defined as our personal perceptions of our behaviors, abilities, and distinctive traits?
What is typically defined as our personal perceptions of our behaviors, abilities, and distinctive traits?
Which of the following criteria are used to characterize personality traits? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following criteria are used to characterize personality traits? (Select all that apply)
Self-concept is less adaptable in youth compared to older individuals.
Self-concept is less adaptable in youth compared to older individuals.
What three aspects make up the self as defined in social psychology?
What three aspects make up the self as defined in social psychology?
What does the term 'personality' etymologically derive from?
What does the term 'personality' etymologically derive from?
The environment in which an individual exists comprises the __________ factors that shape personality.
The environment in which an individual exists comprises the __________ factors that shape personality.
Which of the following is NOT considered a determinant of personality?
Which of the following is NOT considered a determinant of personality?
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Study Notes
Self-Concept
- Self-concept is our personal perception of our behaviors, abilities, and traits; essentially, our mental image of ourselves.
- It's more adaptable in youth during self-discovery but becomes more defined with age.
Personality Traits
- Three criteria define personality traits: consistency (behavior across situations), stability (behavior over time), and individual differences.
- Examples of characteristics not considered personality traits: walking and talking (due to lack of individual variation).
- Examples of traits are: talkativeness and activity level.
The Self
- The individual self includes unique characteristics and personality traits (e.g., introversion/extroversion).
- The relational self is shaped by connections with significant people (family, friends).
- The collective self involves affiliations with social groups (nationality, political affiliation, etc.).
Personality
- Etymologically, "personality" comes from the word "persona" (theatrical masks) and Latin roots meaning "to sound through."
- There's no single definition, but a common understanding identifies it as relatively stable traits giving consistency and individuality.
Determinants of Personality
- Environmental factors: The environment influences personality development.
- Biological factors:
- Hereditary: Genetics inherited from parents.
- Physical features: Height, weight, skin color, sex, attractiveness, etc.
- Brain: Research exploring the brain's role in personality is ongoing.
Self-Concept
- Self-concept is our personal perception of our behaviors, abilities, and traits; a mental image of ourselves.
- It's adaptable in youth, becoming more nuanced and organized with age.
Personality Traits
- Three criteria define personality traits: consistency (behavior across situations), stability (behavior over time), and individual differences.
- Examples that are NOT personality traits: speaking and walking, as most people perform with little variation.
- Examples of personality traits: talkativeness & activity level, showing individual differences (variation).
The Self
- The individual self includes unique characteristics and personality traits (e.g., introversion/extroversion).
- The relational self is shaped by relationships with significant others (family, friends, partners).
- The collective self stems from affiliations with social groups (nationality, political affiliation, ethnicity, etc.).
Personality
- Etymology: derived from "persona" (theatrical mask) and "per sonare" (to sound through).
- No single definition exists; however, it's widely viewed as relatively stable traits and characteristics providing consistency and individuality.
- Determinants include environmental and biological factors.
Determinants of Personality: Environmental Factors
- Environmental context influences personality development.
Determinants of Personality: Biological Factors
- Hereditary factors (genetic inheritance from parents).
- Physical features (height, weight, skin color, sex, attractiveness, body language).
- Brain structure and function (although research is still preliminary regarding electrical stimulation).
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