Ch. 1

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Questions and Answers

Which perspective in psychology believes that humans are inherently good?

Humanistic perspective (correct)

Behaviorist perspective

Positive psychology perspective

Psychoanalytic perspective

Who established the first psychology lab in Germany in 1879?

Sigmund Freud

Carl Jung

Wilhelm Wundt (correct)

Ivan Pavlov

What is the difference between the behaviorist and psychoanalytic perspectives in psychology?

Behaviorism emphasizes the role of unconscious thoughts, while psychoanalysis focuses on the environment.

Behaviorism focuses on the environment, while psychoanalysis emphasizes unconscious thoughts. (correct)

Behaviorism and psychoanalysis are both focused on conscious thoughts.

Behaviorism and psychoanalysis are the same perspective.

What is the main focus of positive psychology?

People's strengths and achieving happiness Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of science according to the text?

A way of thinking that involves rationalism and empiricism Signup and view all the answers

Who were pioneers in African American psychology?

Gilbert Jones, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Freudian psychology and humanistic psychology?

Freudian psychology focuses on sexual and aggressive impulses, while humanistic psychology emphasizes self-actualization and people's unique strengths. Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of cultural diversity in psychology?

Cultural diversity is important to better generalize results to all people. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology?

Margaret Washburn Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about psychology?

Psychology is not considered a science. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a commonality between science and art?

A creative drive to understand and represent reality Signup and view all the answers

What are the six ways to acquire knowledge?

Tenacity, intuition, authority, rationalism, empiricism, and the scientific method Signup and view all the answers

Who established the first psychology lab in 1879 in Germany?

Wilhelm Wundt Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the behaviorist and psychoanalytic perspectives in psychology?

The behaviorist perspective believes in learning from the environment, while the psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes unconscious impulses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the humanistic perspective in psychology?

Humans are inherently good. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology?

Margaret Washburn Signup and view all the answers

Who were pioneers in African American psychology?

Mary Calkins, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of positive psychology?

Self-actualization and unique strengths Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of science?

Intuition Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first woman to be denied a PhD from Harvard in psychology due to her gender?

Mary Calkins Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective in psychology emphasizes self-actualization and people's unique strengths?

Humanistic perspective Signup and view all the answers

Who were pioneers in African American psychology?

Gilbert Jones and Francis Sumner Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of positive psychology?

People's unique strengths Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way to acquire knowledge according to the text?

Intuition Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Freudian psychology and humanistic psychology?

Freudian psychology focuses on what's wrong with people, while humanistic psychology emphasizes what's right with people Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of cultural diversity in psychology?

To better generalize results to all people Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the behaviorist and psychoanalytic perspectives in psychology?

Behaviorist perspective believes that we learn everything from the environment, while the psychoanalytic perspective believes that we have an unconscious that operates out of our own awareness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Psychology: Science, Research Methods, and History

Psychology is the study of mental and behavioral processes.
Psychology is considered a science because it follows the same scientific method as other sciences.
Pseudoscience is not science and can cause harm.
Science is defined by its way of thinking, which involves asking questions, tolerating uncertainty, being skeptical, and combining rationalism and empiricism.
Science and art have some things in common, such as a creative drive to understand and represent reality.
There are six ways to acquire knowledge: tenacity, intuition, authority, rationalism, empiricism, and the scientific method.
The evolution of research methods in psychology started with the early civilizations, moved towards Greek scientists, medieval science, and the scientific revolution, and is now a vast enterprise heavily supported by the government.
Psychology did not start as its own discipline and was a child of philosophy and physiology.
Wilhelm Wundt established the first lab in psychology in 1879 in Germany, making psychology a science.
The behaviorist perspective believes that we learn everything from the environment, while the psychoanalytic perspective believes that we have an unconscious that operates out of our own awareness.
Psychology has different perspectives, such as the humanistic perspective that believes humans are inherently good.
Understanding the history and different perspectives of psychology can help us better understand ourselves and others.Overview of Psychology and Diversity in the Field
Freudian psychology focused on sexual and aggressive impulses, while humanistic psychology emphasized self-actualization and people's unique strengths.
Positive psychology, an offshoot of humanistic psychology, focuses on people's strengths to help them achieve happiness.
Mary Calkins was denied a PhD from Harvard due to her gender, but Margaret Washburn became the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology.
Gilbert Jones, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark were pioneers in African American psychology, with Sumner being the first African American to receive a PhD in the US.
Most early psychological research was conducted on white, middle-class males, leading to a need for more inclusive studies.
Cultural diversity is important in psychology to better generalize results to all people.
Students should read chapter one in their textbook, come up with examples of ways of knowing, participate in discussion boards, and think about their project topic.
Freudian psychology was focused on what's wrong with people, while humanistic psychology emphasized what's right with people.
Positive psychology focuses on people's strengths to help them achieve happiness and live great lives.
Mary Calkins and Margaret Washburn were pioneers in women's psychology, with Calkins being denied a PhD from Harvard due to her gender.
Gilbert Jones, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark were pioneers in African American psychology.
Cultural diversity is important in psychology to better generalize results to all people.

Introduction to Psychology: Science, Research Methods, and History

Psychology is the study of mental and behavioral processes.
Psychology is considered a science because it follows the same scientific method as other sciences.
Pseudoscience is not science and can cause harm.
Science is defined by its way of thinking, which involves asking questions, tolerating uncertainty, being skeptical, and combining rationalism and empiricism.
Science and art have some things in common, such as a creative drive to understand and represent reality.
There are six ways to acquire knowledge: tenacity, intuition, authority, rationalism, empiricism, and the scientific method.
The evolution of research methods in psychology started with the early civilizations, moved towards Greek scientists, medieval science, and the scientific revolution, and is now a vast enterprise heavily supported by the government.
Psychology did not start as its own discipline and was a child of philosophy and physiology.
Wilhelm Wundt established the first lab in psychology in 1879 in Germany, making psychology a science.
The behaviorist perspective believes that we learn everything from the environment, while the psychoanalytic perspective believes that we have an unconscious that operates out of our own awareness.
Psychology has different perspectives, such as the humanistic perspective that believes humans are inherently good.
Understanding the history and different perspectives of psychology can help us better understand ourselves and others.Overview of Psychology and Diversity in the Field
Freudian psychology focused on sexual and aggressive impulses, while humanistic psychology emphasized self-actualization and people's unique strengths.
Positive psychology, an offshoot of humanistic psychology, focuses on people's strengths to help them achieve happiness.
Mary Calkins was denied a PhD from Harvard due to her gender, but Margaret Washburn became the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology.
Gilbert Jones, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark were pioneers in African American psychology, with Sumner being the first African American to receive a PhD in the US.
Most early psychological research was conducted on white, middle-class males, leading to a need for more inclusive studies.
Cultural diversity is important in psychology to better generalize results to all people.
Students should read chapter one in their textbook, come up with examples of ways of knowing, participate in discussion boards, and think about their project topic.
Freudian psychology was focused on what's wrong with people, while humanistic psychology emphasized what's right with people.
Positive psychology focuses on people's strengths to help them achieve happiness and live great lives.
Mary Calkins and Margaret Washburn were pioneers in women's psychology, with Calkins being denied a PhD from Harvard due to her gender.
Gilbert Jones, Francis Sumner, and Kenneth Clark were pioneers in African American psychology.
Cultural diversity is important in psychology to better generalize results to all people.

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Description

Test your knowledge of psychology with this informative quiz! Learn about the science, research methods, and history of psychology, as well as the importance of diversity in the field. From the evolution of research methods to the different perspectives of psychology, this quiz covers a range of topics to help you better understand yourself and others. Explore the pioneers in women's and African American psychology, and gain insights into positive psychology and cultural diversity. Put your knowledge to the test and see how much you know about this fascinating field