Podcast
Questions and Answers
All of the following are criteria that are used to distinguish normal behavior from abnormal behavior except?
All of the following are criteria that are used to distinguish normal behavior from abnormal behavior except?
- Behavior that causes distress
- Behavior that is inconsistent (correct)
- Behavior that is statistically rare
- Behavior that is culturally unacceptable
The ________ approach to psychological disorders primarily focuses on the brain, genetic factors, and neurotransmitter functioning as the sources of abnormality.
The ________ approach to psychological disorders primarily focuses on the brain, genetic factors, and neurotransmitter functioning as the sources of abnormality.
biological
Which theoretical approach emphasizes the contributions of experiences, thoughts, emotions, and personality characteristics in explaining psychological disorders?
Which theoretical approach emphasizes the contributions of experiences, thoughts, emotions, and personality characteristics in explaining psychological disorders?
the psychological approach
When treating a client with a psychological disorder, a therapist who assumes that the client's difficulties stem from their context identifies with the ______ approach.
When treating a client with a psychological disorder, a therapist who assumes that the client's difficulties stem from their context identifies with the ______ approach.
Which of the following statements is true of the biopsychosocial model?
Which of the following statements is true of the biopsychosocial model?
Which of the following statements is true about the DSM-5?
Which of the following statements is true about the DSM-5?
Drug companies commonly fund research that focuses on an ______ model of psychological disorders.
Drug companies commonly fund research that focuses on an ______ model of psychological disorders.
All of the following are classified as anxiety disorders EXCEPT?
All of the following are classified as anxiety disorders EXCEPT?
Which of the following statements is true of generalized anxiety disorder?
Which of the following statements is true of generalized anxiety disorder?
In a ___________, a person experiences recurrent sudden onsets of intense terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.
In a ___________, a person experiences recurrent sudden onsets of intense terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.
From the description, it sounds like John has?
From the description, it sounds like John has?
Which of the following statements about panic disorder is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about panic disorder is FALSE?
A man who is so afraid of flying and who would go to any length to avoid flying is most likely experiencing?
A man who is so afraid of flying and who would go to any length to avoid flying is most likely experiencing?
Erin has an extreme fear of being humiliated in public. Which of the following best describes Eric's disorder?
Erin has an extreme fear of being humiliated in public. Which of the following best describes Eric's disorder?
_______ are recurrent thoughts, and _________ are recurrent behaviors.
_______ are recurrent thoughts, and _________ are recurrent behaviors.
In the context of OCD-related disorders, an individual with hoarding disorder is most likely to?
In the context of OCD-related disorders, an individual with hoarding disorder is most likely to?
All of the following are symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder EXCEPT?
All of the following are symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder EXCEPT?
Randy experienced a horrific childhood. Which of the following anxiety-related disorders would best apply to this situation?
Randy experienced a horrific childhood. Which of the following anxiety-related disorders would best apply to this situation?
A depressive disorder is classified as a ______ disorder.
A depressive disorder is classified as a ______ disorder.
For a person to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), he or she must have experienced a significant depressive episode for at least?
For a person to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), he or she must have experienced a significant depressive episode for at least?
Learned helplessness and pessimistic attributional styles are 2 ways of understanding the ______ factors associated with depression.
Learned helplessness and pessimistic attributional styles are 2 ways of understanding the ______ factors associated with depression.
________ is a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania.
________ is a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania.
Genetic factors are stronger predictors of ______ than of ________.
Genetic factors are stronger predictors of ______ than of ________.
_______ has the highest mortality rate of any psychological disorder.
_______ has the highest mortality rate of any psychological disorder.
Individuals with bulimia tend to have ______ of perfectionism and ______ of self-efficacy.
Individuals with bulimia tend to have ______ of perfectionism and ______ of self-efficacy.
Individuals with dissociative disorders have?
Individuals with dissociative disorders have?
_______ is the most dramatic, least common and most controversial dissociative disorder.
_______ is the most dramatic, least common and most controversial dissociative disorder.
______ is a severe psychological disorder that is characterized by highly disordered psychotic thought processes.
______ is a severe psychological disorder that is characterized by highly disordered psychotic thought processes.
A superficially charming person who is indifferent to the pain of others likely has which type of personality disorder?
A superficially charming person who is indifferent to the pain of others likely has which type of personality disorder?
All of the following are symptoms of borderline personality disorder except?
All of the following are symptoms of borderline personality disorder except?
The _______ of schizophrenia are marked by a distortion or an excess of normal function, whereas the _______ reflect social withdrawal and behavioral deficits.
The _______ of schizophrenia are marked by a distortion or an excess of normal function, whereas the _______ reflect social withdrawal and behavioral deficits.
A man who believes that he is the reincarnation of a famous preacher is exhibiting the schizophrenic symptom of?
A man who believes that he is the reincarnation of a famous preacher is exhibiting the schizophrenic symptom of?
A superficially charming person who is indifferent to the pain of others likely has which type of personality disorder?
A superficially charming person who is indifferent to the pain of others likely has which type of personality disorder?
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Study Notes
Abnormal Behavior and Psychological Approaches
- Criteria for distinguishing normal from abnormal behavior include consistency of behavior, emotional distress, and societal norms.
- The biological approach centers on the brain, genetics, and neurotransmitter functions to explain psychological disorders.
- The psychological approach emphasizes experiences, thoughts, emotions, and personality traits as key to psychological disorders.
- The sociocultural approach focuses on the environmental context affecting the individual's psychological difficulties.
Biopsychosocial Model
- This model integrates biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors as equally important in understanding normal and abnormal behavior.
- The DSM-5 introduces new diagnoses, including binge-eating disorder and gambling addiction.
Anxiety Disorders
- Anxiety disorders exclude conditions like depression while including generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder.
- Individuals with generalized anxiety disorder often feel nervous most of the time.
- Panic disorder is characterized by sudden, recurrent episodes of intense terror, often without warning.
- Specific phobias involve extreme fear of specific situations or objects, such as flying.
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
- Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, while compulsions are recurrent behaviors.
- Hoarding disorder entails difficulty disposing of items due to potential future need.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- PTSD symptoms exclude feeling emotionally charged, involving instead re-experiencing trauma and heightened arousal.
- Childhood trauma can lead to PTSD, as seen in individuals who suffered severe abuse.
Mood Disorders
- Depressive disorders fall under mood disorders.
- Diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) requires symptoms lasting a minimum of two weeks, including lethargy and hopelessness.
- Learned helplessness and pessimistic attribution contribute to understanding psychological factors in depression.
Bipolar Disorder
- Characterized by extreme mood swings and episodes of mania, bipolar disorder has stronger genetic predictors compared to depressive disorders.
Eating Disorders
- Anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate among psychological disorders.
- Individuals with bulimia exhibit high perfectionism and low self-efficacy.
Dissociative Disorders
- Individuals with dissociative disorders typically show reduced hippocampus and amygdala volume.
- Dissociative identity disorder is notable for its dramatic and controversial nature.
Schizophrenia and Personality Disorders
- Schizophrenia is defined by disordered thought processes, with positive symptoms (excess of normal functions) and negative symptoms (deficits in normal functions).
- Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of empathy and repeated involvement in violent crimes, while borderline personality disorder includes symptoms like emotional instability, not reduced awareness.
- Delusions, such as believing oneself to be a historical figure, are typical in schizophrenia.
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