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Questions and Answers
Which philosopher is associated with the concept of nativism in psychology?
Which of the following is NOT a method of observation used in psychological research?
What is the term for the process by which certain memories are remembered better due to being linked to an emotional state?
Which type of reinforcement schedule involves rewards being provided after a predictable number of responses?
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Which of the following describes the concept of 'correlation' in research?
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What is the function of the unconditioned stimulus (US) in classical conditioning?
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Which of the following concepts refers to the gradual weakening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus?
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What term is used to describe the psychological phenomenon where individuals learn to avoid a situation due to previous negative experiences?
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Study Notes
Number of Questions by General Topic
- 62 total questions covering diverse aspects of psychology
- Diverse topics include Definitions, History, Research Methods, and specific psychological conditions
People of Note
- Influential figures include philosophers, psychologists, and researchers
- Notable names:
- Plato and Aristotle (Philosophy)
- Hippocrates (Early Medicine)
- Sigmund Freud (Psychoanalysis)
- Ivan Pavlov (Classical Conditioning)
- B.F. Skinner (Operant Conditioning)
Key Concepts
- Genetic Predispositions: The influence of genetics on behavior
- Nativism vs. Empiricism: Debate on whether knowledge is innate or acquired through experience
- Localization of Function: Specific brain areas associated with certain psychological functions
- Psychophysics: Study of the relationship between physical stimuli and perception
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Research Methods:
- Case Studies: In-depth analysis of an individual or group
- Cross-Sectional Studies: Observing different subjects at one point in time
- Longitudinal Studies: Observing the same subjects over an extended period
Statistics and Research Ethics
- Understanding concepts of correlation, central tendency, and variability
- Importance of research ethics and avoiding biases in experimentation
Conditioning Theories
-
Classical Conditioning: Learning through association (e.g., Pavlov’s dogs)
- Key terms:
- Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
- Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
- Extinction and responses (UR, CR)
- Key terms:
-
Operant Conditioning: Learning through consequences (e.g., Skinner box)
- Schedules of Reinforcement: Fixed/Variable Ratio and Interval
Motivation and Behavior
- Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation: Internal satisfaction vs. external rewards
- Hierarchical Needs: Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs model
-
Learned Behaviors:
- Positive/Negative Reinforcement and Punishment
- Superstitious behavior linked to reinforcement schedules
Memory and Cognition
- Types of memory:
- Short-Term vs Long-Term Memory
- Types of Long-Term Memory:
- Episodic (events), Semantic (facts), Procedural (skills)
- Memory processes: Recall, Recognition, and Interference effects
- Notable memory issues:
- Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia
- Alzheimer’s Disease impact on memory
Psychological Conditions
- Understanding anxiety disorders and phobias
- Treatment methods such as:
- Implosive Therapy
- Systematic Desensitization for phobias
Methods of Study in Psychology
- Observational methods and the importance of varied data collection techniques
- Random selection to ensure representative sampling in research studies
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts in psychology, including foundational definitions, historical figures, and important research methods. This quiz covers various topics such as classical conditioning, motivation, and memory. Perfect for students wanting to solidify their understanding of psychology.
