Psychology Overview and History

False (B)

linking traumatic brain injuries to behavioral changes

<p>nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wilhelm Wundt = Opened the first experimental psychology lab Ancient Egyptian doctors = Linked brain injuries to behavioral changes Ancient Greek philosophers = Contemplated the origins of knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The balance of bodily fluids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviors are shaped or molded by natural selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>blank slates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plato = Naturist Aristotle = empiricist Charles Darwin = Evolution by natural selection Hippocrates = bodily fluids determine personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subjective nature of experience makes it difficult to access subconscious aspects of cognition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It shaped the belief that mental processes have a purpose, aiding adaptation and survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>observable</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism = Understanding the basic elements of consciousness through introspection. Functionalism = Investigating the purpose and function of behaviors and mental processes. Behaviorism = Studying observable behavior and how it is shaped by experience. Psychoanalytic = Exploring the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That brain injuries can result in changes in behavior and personality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>introspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>structuralism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism = Breaking down conscious experience into basic elements. Behaviorism = Focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states. Cognitive Psychology = Examines mental processes such as memory, problem-solving, and language. Psychoanalytic = Emphasizes the influence of unconscious drives and early childhood experiences on behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applied Research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To translate scientific findings into practical applications that impact people's lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic Research = Understanding fundamental principles of behavior Applied Research = Solving practical problems Translational Research = Bridging the gap between research and public impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychoanalytic Perspective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-cultural psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Industrialized</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mental processes like memory and problem-solving (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-cultural psychology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structuralism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand how culture affects psychological processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviorism = Observable actions and responses Cognitive Psychology = Mental processes (memory, problem-solving) Psychoanalytic Perspective = Unconscious drives and early experiences Cross-Cultural Psychology = Cultural influences on behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nurture refers to the environmental factors and experiences that shape knowledge and behavior after birth.

Debate concerning whether behavior is determined by genetics (nature) or environment (nurture).

Hippocrates developed the first classification of personality based on bodily fluids and balance.

Evolution by natural selection influences behaviors, exemplified by attachment in children to caregivers.

Study of skull shape to determine personality traits and brain function localization.

The scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Psychology has ancient origins but became a science in the 19th century.

The founder of modern psychology, opened the first experimental lab in 1879.

Ancient Egyptians and Greeks studied the mind, linking behavior with physical states.

A railroad worker who survived a severe brain injury that changed his behavior, providing insight into brain function and personality.

A school of thought that analyzes conscious experience by breaking it down into basic elements, like a periodic table for the mind.

The subjective observation of one's own experiences; used in structuralism to analyze conscious thoughts.

Various approaches to psychology including Structuralism, Functionalism, Behaviorism, and others, defining different methods of understanding the mind.

A psychological theory studying the purpose of behaviors and mental processes, influenced by Darwin.

A psychological perspective that examines only observable behaviors, dismissing subjective experiences.

Experience is subjective, making it hard to access subconscious elements.

Functionalism draws from Darwin's theory of evolution to understand the mind's functions.

Research aimed at increasing understanding of fundamental principles of behavior and mental processes.

Research that seeks to answer practical questions and solve real-world issues using findings from basic research.

Research that translates scientific findings into practical applications to improve public health and education.

The study of mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.

A theory that explores how unconscious processes influence behavior and personality.

A field that examines individual and group behaviors across different cultures.

Structuralism focuses on the structure of the mind, while functionalism considers mental processes' functions.

A psychologist known for her work on the malleability of human memory.

A neuropsychologist known for her research on memory and the brain.

Psychology research primarily based on participants from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic societies.

The founder of psychoanalysis who emphasized the role of unconscious motives in behavior.

The practice of analyzing how different cultures influence behavior and thought processes.