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Questions and Answers
Psychology is defined as the discipline concerned with:
Psychology is defined as the discipline concerned with:
- Behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism's physical state, mental state, and external environment. (correct)
- The study of humankind and the importance of culture in explaining the diversity in human behavior.
- The study of all physical stimuli that affect human sensations and perceptions.
- Maladaptive human behaviors and cognitions that are incorporated into a person's self-worth during childhood.
___ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.
___ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.
- Bayesian statistic
- Correlation (correct)
- Relationship coefficient
- Meta-analysis
Height and weight is an example of a ___ correlation.
Height and weight is an example of a ___ correlation.
- Positive (correct)
- Negative
What perspective of psychology focuses on how one's society and culture/cultural norms influence an individual and their behaviors?
What perspective of psychology focuses on how one's society and culture/cultural norms influence an individual and their behaviors?
What perspective of psychology is focused on the influence of genetics and genetic predispositions/how the body influences one's behavior?
What perspective of psychology is focused on the influence of genetics and genetic predispositions/how the body influences one's behavior?
The spinal cord is:
The spinal cord is:
The central nervous system consists of what two things?
The central nervous system consists of what two things?
What are neurons?
What are neurons?
Two main parts of the nervous system:
Two main parts of the nervous system:
The unconditioned response in Ivan Pavlov's study with dogs (the response that occurs to a stimulus without any learning) was what?
The unconditioned response in Ivan Pavlov's study with dogs (the response that occurs to a stimulus without any learning) was what?
In Ivan Pavlov's dog study, the meat powder led to the dogs salivating without any learning occurring. The meat powder in this study can be referred to as...
In Ivan Pavlov's dog study, the meat powder led to the dogs salivating without any learning occurring. The meat powder in this study can be referred to as...
The main difference between reinforcers and punishers is that a reinforcer increases behavior while a punisher decreases behavior.
The main difference between reinforcers and punishers is that a reinforcer increases behavior while a punisher decreases behavior.
If I give a student a sticker every time that they get a good grade on a test, and they continue to get good grades on tests. I have used ______ to strengthen their behavior.
If I give a student a sticker every time that they get a good grade on a test, and they continue to get good grades on tests. I have used ______ to strengthen their behavior.
A conscious recollection of events or items of information (like stating facts) is what kind of memory?
A conscious recollection of events or items of information (like stating facts) is what kind of memory?
Knowing something / having knowledge about something without knowing how you attained that knowledge or knowing what exactly it is that you are doing is what kind of learning (unconscious learning)?
Knowing something / having knowledge about something without knowing how you attained that knowledge or knowing what exactly it is that you are doing is what kind of learning (unconscious learning)?
According to decay theory, forgetting occurs because
According to decay theory, forgetting occurs because
Confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you or believing something that never actually happened is called...?
Confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you or believing something that never actually happened is called...?
______ intelligence is when one can identify their own and other people's emotions, express their emotions clearly, and regulate their emotions.
______ intelligence is when one can identify their own and other people's emotions, express their emotions clearly, and regulate their emotions.
When someone sees a breed of dog that they have never seen before, they are still able to tell that it is a dog. This is because we store ______ in our minds.
When someone sees a breed of dog that they have never seen before, they are still able to tell that it is a dog. This is because we store ______ in our minds.
After a sports game where his favorite team won, Michael says things to his friends like "I knew they would win". The tendency for one to overestimate the likelihood that they would have predicted an outcome, after an outcome is already know, is referred to as...?
After a sports game where his favorite team won, Michael says things to his friends like "I knew they would win". The tendency for one to overestimate the likelihood that they would have predicted an outcome, after an outcome is already know, is referred to as...?
Facial feedback hypothesis says that when someone smiles, what happens to their emotions/how they are feeling?
Facial feedback hypothesis says that when someone smiles, what happens to their emotions/how they are feeling?
The ______ quickly assesses danger or threat, while the ______ corrects for the situation.
The ______ quickly assesses danger or threat, while the ______ corrects for the situation.
Mirror neurons are neurons that fire when we perform an action and when we watch someone else perform that action. Researchers have concluded that these neurons help us experience
Mirror neurons are neurons that fire when we perform an action and when we watch someone else perform that action. Researchers have concluded that these neurons help us experience
What is the locus of control?
What is the locus of control?
In Mary Ainsworth "strange situation" study, the infants who did not seem to care when their caretakers left and did not care or seek their comfort when they returned
In Mary Ainsworth "strange situation" study, the infants who did not seem to care when their caretakers left and did not care or seek their comfort when they returned
_______ is the process by which children learn the rules and behavior expected of them by society.
_______ is the process by which children learn the rules and behavior expected of them by society.
_______ is the sequential unfolding of genetically influenced behavior and physical characteristics.
_______ is the sequential unfolding of genetically influenced behavior and physical characteristics.
In the Harlow study we learned about in class, where the monkeys preferred the cloth mother over the wire mother with food, we learned that monkeys have an innate need for....
In the Harlow study we learned about in class, where the monkeys preferred the cloth mother over the wire mother with food, we learned that monkeys have an innate need for....
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, where participants were assigned to be either prisoners or guards, it was shown how powerful ______ can be.
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, where participants were assigned to be either prisoners or guards, it was shown how powerful ______ can be.
Bill is driving and notices that a person is laying on the side of the road. He continues to drive because he assumes that another car has already called 911. This phenomenon is known as..
Bill is driving and notices that a person is laying on the side of the road. He continues to drive because he assumes that another car has already called 911. This phenomenon is known as..
In the Asch study where participants were shown lines and had to determine which lines were the same length, the researchers were interested in studying....
In the Asch study where participants were shown lines and had to determine which lines were the same length, the researchers were interested in studying....
The tendency for groups to agree with each other and not express disagreements or dissenting opinions is known as....
The tendency for groups to agree with each other and not express disagreements or dissenting opinions is known as....
______ cultures care more about personal goals; ______ cultures are more concerned with the group and wellbeing of others.
______ cultures care more about personal goals; ______ cultures are more concerned with the group and wellbeing of others.
Which of the following is a Big 5 personality trait
Which of the following is a Big 5 personality trait
_____ is defined as a distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual.
_____ is defined as a distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual.
In Freud's theory of personality, which part of personality is concerned with the unconscious drives/motives/impulses that humans have towards pleasure, avoiding pain, hunger, sex, etc.
In Freud's theory of personality, which part of personality is concerned with the unconscious drives/motives/impulses that humans have towards pleasure, avoiding pain, hunger, sex, etc.
Kelly used to enjoy playing soccer, but she has lost all interest in it. She also feels hopeless and incredibly sad. Additionally, she is not sleeping well and has no appetite. Kelly likely has....
Kelly used to enjoy playing soccer, but she has lost all interest in it. She also feels hopeless and incredibly sad. Additionally, she is not sleeping well and has no appetite. Kelly likely has....
A mental disorder is defined as ...
A mental disorder is defined as ...
A common disorder in serial killers, rule-breaking, a lack of empathy, aggressiveness, and a lack of responsibility are associated with
A common disorder in serial killers, rule-breaking, a lack of empathy, aggressiveness, and a lack of responsibility are associated with
Jenny has frequent and uncontrollable worries daily. She worries about her job, her health, her friends, her family, and school. It is likely that Jenny has
Jenny has frequent and uncontrollable worries daily. She worries about her job, her health, her friends, her family, and school. It is likely that Jenny has
Flashcards
Psychology Definition
Psychology Definition
The study of behavior and mental processes, considering how physical, mental, and environmental factors influence them.
Correlation
Correlation
A measure of the relationship between two variables.
Positive Correlation
Positive Correlation
As one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
Sociocultural Perspective
Sociocultural Perspective
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Biological Perspective
Biological Perspective
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Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord
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Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
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Neurons
Neurons
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Nervous System
Nervous System
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Unconditioned Response
Unconditioned Response
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Unconditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus
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Reinforcer
Reinforcer
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Punisher
Punisher
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Positive Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
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Explicit Memory
Explicit Memory
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Implicit Memory
Implicit Memory
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Decay Theory
Decay Theory
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Confabulation
Confabulation
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Emotional Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence
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Concepts
Concepts
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Hindsight Bias
Hindsight Bias
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Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
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Locus of Control
Locus of Control
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Socialization
Socialization
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Maturation
Maturation
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Diffusion of Responsibility
Diffusion of Responsibility
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Groupthink
Groupthink
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Personality
Personality
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Id
Id
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Major Depressive Disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
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Mental Disorder
Mental Disorder
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Antisocial Personality Disorder
Antisocial Personality Disorder
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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What field studies behavior and mental processes?
What field studies behavior and mental processes?
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What measures the strength of a relationship between variables?
What measures the strength of a relationship between variables?
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What kind of correlation does height and weight have?
What kind of correlation does height and weight have?
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Which perspective emphasizes cultural influences on behavior?
Which perspective emphasizes cultural influences on behavior?
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What perspective centers on genetics and biology?
What perspective centers on genetics and biology?
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What connects the brain to the rest of the body?
What connects the brain to the rest of the body?
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What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?
What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?
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What are the brain's communication specialists?
What are the brain's communication specialists?
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What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
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What is the unconditioned response in Pavlov's dog study?
What is the unconditioned response in Pavlov's dog study?
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What is the unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's dog study?
What is the unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's dog study?
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What is the key difference between reinforcers and punishers?
What is the key difference between reinforcers and punishers?
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What is positive reinforcement?
What is positive reinforcement?
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What is explicit memory?
What is explicit memory?
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What is implicit memory?
What is implicit memory?
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What does decay theory suggest about forgetting?
What does decay theory suggest about forgetting?
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What is confabulation?
What is confabulation?
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What is emotional intelligence?
What is emotional intelligence?
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What are mental representations of categories?
What are mental representations of categories?
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What is hindsight bias?
What is hindsight bias?
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What does the facial feedback hypothesis suggest about emotions?
What does the facial feedback hypothesis suggest about emotions?
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What is the locus of control?
What is the locus of control?
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What is socialization?
What is socialization?
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What is maturation?
What is maturation?
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What is diffusion of responsibility?
What is diffusion of responsibility?
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What is groupthink?
What is groupthink?
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What is personality?
What is personality?
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What is the Id in Freud's theory?
What is the Id in Freud's theory?
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What is major depressive disorder?
What is major depressive disorder?
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What defines a mental disorder?
What defines a mental disorder?
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What is antisocial personality disorder?
What is antisocial personality disorder?
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What is generalized anxiety disorder?
What is generalized anxiety disorder?
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Study Notes
Psychology Definition
- Psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes, considering physical, mental, and environmental factors.
- It encompasses the study of all physical stimuli affecting human sensations and perceptions.
- Also crucial is the study of humankind and how diverse cultures influence human behavior.
Relationship Measurement
- A relationship coefficient measures the strength of the correlation between two variables.
- Correlation (e.g., height and weight) is an example of this.
- Correlations can be positive or negative.
Psychological Perspectives
- Sociocultural perspective highlights how society and culture influence individual behaviors.
- Biological perspective emphasizes the role of genetics and the body on behavior.
Learning
- Learning can be implicit or explicit, the latter being conscious acquisition of information.
Classical Conditioning
- Ivan Pavlov’s dog study demonstrated classical conditioning.
- The unconditioned response in this study was salivation when presented with food.
Spinal Cord
- The spinal cord is a collection of neurons and supportive tissues running from the brain down the center of the back.
- This is protected by a column of bones.
Central Nervous System
- The spinal cord and brain make up the central nervous system.
Neurons
- Neurons are the experts in communication within the central nervous system.
Memory
- Explicit memory is conscious recollection, like recalling facts.
- Implicit memory refers to unconscious knowledge and learning.
Forgetting
- Forgetting can be due to the decay of information.
- New information might take the place of old information.
Locus of Control
- Locus of control refers to whether one perceives the consequences of their actions as internally controlled or external.
Cognitive Dissonance
- The tendency to reconcile inconsistencies between beliefs and attitudes.
Socialization
- The process of learning societal norms and behaviors.
- A key factor in shaping individuals.
Maturation
- The process of naturally developing certain physical and behavioral traits.
Mental Disorders
- Mental disorders involve abnormal behavior, self-destruction, and poor interactions with others.
- They impact basic functioning.
- Examples include generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial, and phobias.
Intelligence
- Understanding and regulating one's own and other people's emotions, expressing them clearly, is a key component of intelligence.
Personality
- Personality is a distinctive and stable pattern of behavior, thoughts, and feelings associated with an individual.
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Description
This quiz explores fundamental concepts in psychology, including definitions, relationship measurements, and various psychological perspectives. It also covers learning processes and classical conditioning, highlighting important studies such as Pavlov's. Test your understanding of how these elements shape human behavior.
