Psychology of Testing and Measurement

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

According to Classical Test Theory, what does 'X = T + E' represent?

The variance is the sum of the true score and the error

The true score is the sum of the observed score and the error

The observed score is the sum of the true score and the error (correct)

The error is the sum of the observed score and the true score

What does a reliability coefficient typically indicate?

The influence of particular facts on the test score

The correlation between the observed score and the true score

The degree of correlation among all the items on a scale

The ratio between the true score variance on a test and the total variance (correct)

What happens to the reliability when the test length increases?

The reliability increases (correct)

The reliability decreases

The reliability becomes unpredictable

The reliability remains the same

What does the Kuder-Richardson technique consider?

All possible ways of splitting the items Signup and view all the answers

What does the Spearman-Brown formula allow you to estimate?

What the correlation between the two halves would have been if each half had been the length of the whole test Signup and view all the answers

What does Cronbach's Alpha estimate?

The reliability of a test Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Generalizability Theory?

The influence of particular facts on the test score Signup and view all the answers

According to Classical Test Theory, what is the source of measurement error?

Random fluctuations in the testing environment Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of Generalizability Theory?

Analyzing the generalizability of test scores to a wider population Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a Decision Study?

To inform how test scores should be used and how dependable those scores are as a basis for decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consideration of the Domain Sampling Model?

The problems created by using a limited number of items to represent a larger and more complicated construct Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental assumption of Classical Test Theory?

Each person has a true score that would be obtained if there were no errors in measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Item Response Theory?

To focus on the range of item difficulty that helps assess an individual’s ability level Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'universe' in the context of reliability?

The particular test situation leading to a specific test score Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the error in measurement in Classical Test Theory?

Error score Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Generalizability Theory in terms of measuring reliability?

The influence of particular facts on the test score Signup and view all the answers

What type of reliability coefficient is being referred to when the items are not scored as 0 or 1?

Internal consistency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Domain Sampling?

To define a domain that represents a single trait or characteristic Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of 'Dynamic' characteristics?

They are presumed to be ever-changing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of a 'Speed Test'?

The test is homogenous and short Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'Criterion-Referenced Tests'?

To provide an indication of where a test-taker stands with respect to some variable or criterion Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of 'Homogeneity' in the context of test items?

The items are similar in content and style Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Classical Test Theory?

To estimate the reliability of a test Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Item Response Theory?

The response process of individual test items Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Test Theory and Reliability

Generalizability Theory: based on the idea that a person's test scores vary from testing to testing because of variables in the testing situation.
Universe: in the context of reliability, refers to the particular test situation leading to a specific test score.
Coefficient of Generalizability: represents the influence of particular facts on the test score.

Decision Study and Domain Sampling

Decision Study: designed to inform how test scores should be used and how dependable those scores are as a basis for decisions.
Domain Sampling Model: considers the problems created by using a limited number of items to represent a larger and more complicated construct.
Domain Sampling: refers to defining a domain that represents a single trait or characteristic, and each item is an individual sample of this general characteristic.

Item Response Theory and Classical Test Theory

Item Response Theory: uses a computer to focus on the range of item difficulty that helps assess an individual’s ability level.
Classical Test Theory: each person has a true score that would be obtained if there were no errors in measurement.
Error: in terms of reliability, implies the internal consistency of tests in which the items are not scored as 0 or 1.

Test Characteristics and Types

Dynamic characteristics: traits, states, abilities presumed to be ever-changing as a function of situational and cognitive experiences.
Speed Test: implies that the test is homogenous, meaning it is easy but short time.
Criterion-Referenced Tests: designed to provide an indication of where a test-taker stands with respect to some variable or criterion.
Homogeneity: in the context of test items, means that there will always be some inaccuracy in our measurements.

Classical Test Theory Formula and Reliability Coefficient

X = T + E: represents the observed score is the sum of the true score and the error.
Reliability Coefficient: indicates the ratio between the true score variance on a test and the total variance.

Reliability and Test Length

Reliability: increases when the test length increases.
Kuder-Richardson technique: considers all possible ways of splitting the items.
Spearman-Brown formula: allows you to estimate what the correlation between the two halves would have been if each half had been the length of the whole test.
Cronbach Alpha: estimates the reliability of a test.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz assesses knowledge on psychological testing and measurement theories, including generalizability theory, reliability, and more. Test your understanding of various concepts and models in the field of psychology.