Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of norms or standards in psychological testing?
To provide a basis for interpreting an examinee's test score by comparing it with the scores obtained by others on the same test.
What is a crucial aspect in the selection and testing of a standardization sample?
The sample must be representative of the population for whom the test is intended.
What is the main characteristic of a standardized procedure in psychological testing?
The procedure for administering the test is uniform from one examiner and setting to another.
What is the purpose of a psychological test, according to the content?
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What are the essential features of most psychological tests?
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How do test developers provide norms for a psychological test?
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Which type of test measures an individual's ability in relatively global areas?
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Neuropsychological tests are used to measure personality traits.
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What type of test measures a person's degree of learning or success in a subject or task?
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Interest inventories measure an individual's preference for certain __________ or topics.
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Which type of test assesses novel, original thinking?
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Group tests are administered one on one.
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Match the following types of tests with their purposes:
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What type of test measures the traits, qualities, or behaviors that determine a person's individuality?
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Study Notes
Defining Features of Psychological Tests
- A test is a standardized procedure for sampling behavior and describing it with categories or scores.
- Most tests have norms or standards by which the results can be used to predict other, more important behaviors.
Standardized Procedure
- A test is considered standardized if the procedures for administering it are uniform from one examiner and setting to another.
- Standardization ensures that the test is administered consistently, allowing for reliable results.
Norms or Standards
- Norms provide a summary of test results for a large and representative group of subjects.
- An examinee's test score is usually interpreted by comparing it with the scores obtained by others on the same test.
Standardization Sample
- The selection and testing of the standardization sample is crucial to the usefulness of a test.
- The standardization sample must be representative of the population for whom the test is intended.
- If the sample is not representative, it is not possible to determine an examinee's relative standing.
Types of Tests
- Tests can be categorized into two groups: group tests and individual tests
- Group tests are designed for large groups and are typically pencil-and-paper measures
- Individual tests are administered one on one due to their design and purpose
Main Types of Psychological Tests
Intelligence Tests
- Measure an individual's ability in global areas such as verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, and reasoning
- Help determine potential for scholastic work or certain occupations
Aptitude Tests
- Measure the capability for a specific task or type of skill
- A narrow form of ability testing
Achievement Tests
- Measure a person's degree of learning, success, or accomplishment in a subject or task
Creativity Tests
- Assess novel, original thinking and the capacity to find unusual or unexpected solutions
- Especially useful for vaguely defined problems
Personality Tests
- Measure traits, qualities, or behaviors that determine a person's individuality
- Include checklists, inventories, and projective techniques
Interest Inventories
- Measure an individual's preference for certain activities or topics
- Help determine occupational choice
Behavioral Procedures
- Objectively describe and count the frequency of a behavior
- Identify the antecedents and consequences of the behavior
Neuropsychological Tests
- Measure cognitive, sensory, perceptual, and motor performance
- Determine the extent, locus, and behavioral consequences of brain damage
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Description
A standardized procedure for sampling behavior and describing it with categories or scores. Defining features of psychological tests include standardized procedure, behavior sample, scores or categories, norms or standards, and prediction of non-test behavior.