Psychology of Self-Concept and Social Media

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What is the self-concept, according to the cognitive self?

A knowledge representation that contains knowledge about us (correct)
A representation of our social media presence
A complex cognitive process that involves self-awareness
A set of rules for social interactions

What is the reason why negative information about a person tends to have a greater impact on our judgments and impressions?

It is a result of personal attribution
It is a result of the recency effect
It is given more weight due to the primacy effect
It elicits more physiological arousal and draws greater attention (correct)

What is the term for the finding that information processed in relation to the self is particularly well remembered?

Social identity
Self-reference (correct)
Self-awareness
Personality trait

What aspect of the self-concept involves our memberships in social groups?

Social identity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of trying to determine the causes of people's behavior known as?

Causal attribution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the specific and stable personality characteristics that describe an individual?

Personality traits (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency for information that we learn first to be weighted more heavily than is information that we learn later?

Primacy effect (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of attribution is made when we decide that the behavior was caused primarily by the person?

Personal attribution (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do bicultural individuals report their self-concept?

As a dynamic and shifting concept (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals with high private self-consciousness?

They let their inner thoughts and feelings guide their actions (A) Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of life does the self-concept become more abstract and complex?

Childhood and adolescence (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are people who are negative or threatening more likely to be noticed?

Because they are more salient and create strong emotional responses (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to Zimbardo, what is a key aspect of deindividuation?

Feelings of reduced self-observation (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to research, what is particularly quickly perceived by people who are not trying to hide their intentions?

The threat and the trustworthiness of others (C) Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to a collection of individuals who have lost self-control and engage in antisocial behaviors?

Psychological crowd (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals from more collectivistic cultures?

They have lower self-concept clarity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of individuals with high public self-consciousness?

Their outer public image (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between self-concept clarity and self-esteem in individualistic cultures?

Self-concept clarity is strongly related to self-esteem (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency to make more personal attributions for the behavior of others than for ourselves?

Actor-Observer Bias (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Self-Serving Attributions?

To meet our desire to see ourselves positively (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ultimate Attribution Error?

A tendency to make internal attributions about our ingroups' successes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that explains why people blame victims for their misfortunes?

Victim-Blaming Bias (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Need for Cognition?

The tendency to think carefully and fully about our experiences (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for attributing our successes to ourselves and our failures to others and the situation?

Self-Serving Bias (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of self-handicapping?

To protect one's self-esteem in response to an esteem-threatening situation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of preemptive self-serving attributional bias?

Citing feeling unwell before a presentation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of engaging in self-handicapping behaviors?

Creation of obstacles to behavior or a performance setting (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of self-handicapping behaviors?

Subconscious defense mechanism against anticipated failure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying reason for self-handicapping?

Fear of failure (B) Signup and view all the answers