Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the main factors influencing our self-concept?
What is one of the main factors influencing our self-concept?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized aspect of self-concept as discussed in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized aspect of self-concept as discussed in the text?
In the context of the text, what does "Self-Serving Bias" refer to?
In the context of the text, what does "Self-Serving Bias" refer to?
What is the core reason behind "Self-Handicapping" as a behavior?
What is the core reason behind "Self-Handicapping" as a behavior?
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What is the relationship between "Learned Helplessness" and "Self-Efficacy" as discussed in the text?
What is the relationship between "Learned Helplessness" and "Self-Efficacy" as discussed in the text?
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Study Notes
The Social Self
- The development of the self begins during the second year of life.
- Self-knowledge is crucial in understanding how we perceive ourselves. Questions to consider include: How does self-knowledge affect behavior? How accurate are our perceptions of ourselves?
- We are preoccupied with ourselves, as demonstrated by the spotlight effect and illusion of transparency. How do these internal and social factors affect our interactions?
Self-Concept
- Self-concept (Who am I?) is influenced by schemas (mental frameworks for information), including self-schemas (cognitive generalizations about the self).
- It is also influenced by self-reference – connecting information to oneself.
Self-Concept: Different Aspects
- Actual self: How one genuinely sees oneself.
- Ought self: How one believes they should be.
- Ideal self: How one wants to be or aspire to be.
The Sense of Self
- Comprises individual, relational, collective, and potentially online aspects of identity.
Influences on Self-Concept
- Roles played.
- Social identities formed.
- Comparisons made with others.
- Surrounding culture.
Self and Culture
- Individualism (independence, uniqueness is valued)
- Collectivism (group harmony, interdependence are valued)
Independent vs. Interdependent View of Self
- Diagrams illustrate varying cultural and societal conceptions of the self. The independent view portrays the self as separate from others (with individuals around it)
- The interdependent view portrays the self as connected to others (with individuals overlapping into the self).
Self-Knowledge
- Includes explaining one's behavior, predicting future behavior and feelings, and remembering oneself.
Self-Esteem
- Self-esteem is defined (not described).
- Threats to self-esteem are not explained or described.
Dark Side of Self-Esteem
- Low and high self-esteem both have potential drawbacks.
- Maintaining self-image can be a significant motivator even when accuracy is questionable.
Self-Efficacy
- Self-efficacy is defined (not described).
Learned Helplessness
- Learned helplessness is defined (not described).
Self-Serving Bias
- Self-serving bias is defined (not described). Includes self-serving attributions (making favorable explanations for success, and unfavorable explanations for failure) and self-handicapping.
False Consensus Effect and False Uniqueness
- False consensus effect is defined (not described). It describes our tendency to overestimate the degree to which others share our opinions and behaviors.
- False uniqueness is defined (not described).
Self-Presentation & Impression Management
- Self-presentation: Influencing perceptions of others.
- Self-monitoring: Adjusting behavior to fit different social situations.
Summary of the Self
- Multiple factors influence how we view ourselves.
- We strive to maintain a positive self-image, which can be influenced more by factors than accuracy.
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Description
Explore the complex development of the self in psychology, focusing on self-knowledge, self-concept, and the different perceptions we have of ourselves. This quiz delves into the actual, ought, and ideal selves, as well as the impact of internal and social factors on our interactions. Test your understanding of how these concepts shape our behaviors and self-perceptions.
