Psychology of Relationship Maintenance
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What is a key factor women consider when selecting a long-term mate?

  • Social Network Size
  • Emotional Stability (correct)
  • Physical Appearance
  • Athleticism

    • What is one of the major differences in long-term mate preferences between men and women?

  • Women value financial stability more than men (correct)
  • Men prefer intelligence over kindness
  • Men seek emotional support more than women
  • Women are less likely to value humor in a partner

    • According to the Structural Powerlessness Hypothesis, why do women seek mates with power and resources?

  • They are often excluded from power and resources. (correct)
  • They tend to prioritize physical attractiveness.
  • They are more competitive with other women.
  • They are usually in positions of power themselves.

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of evolved psychological mechanisms in mate preferences?

    <p>They are present in all sexually reproducing species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits is related to women's long-term mate preferences that does not significantly affect men's preferences?

    <p>Income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mate copying refers to which behavior in women regarding mate selection?

    <p>Finding a man appealing if he is attractive to other women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason women may struggle to select a mate willing to invest?

    <p>Societal expectations of male providers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be considered a necessity in a mate according to the Budget Allocation model?

    <p>Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some factors that men assess when determining a woman's reproductive value?

    <p>Physical appearance and positive behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which standard of beauty is linked to higher levels of estrogen in women?

    <p>Facial Femininity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a low waist-hip ratio (WHR) predict according to men's preferences?

    <p>Increased reproductive capability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does exposure to images of attractive women affect men's perceptions of their current partners?

    <p>They feel less satisfied and see their partners as less attractive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of men's major long-term mate preferences?

    <p>Career success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'fluctuating asymmetry' a marker of, according to the standards of beauty?

    <p>Genetic health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hypothesis suggests that waist fat enhances neurodevelopment in women and their offspring?

    <p>Physical attractiveness hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correlations is considered average among racial groups regarding attractiveness ratings of female photos?

    <p>0.93</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the adaptive problems associated with short-term mating strategies for men?

    <p>Problem of sexual accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a technique associated with anti-cuckoldry tactics?

    <p>Showing physical affection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy do men use to avoid commitment in short-term mating?

    <p>Imposing minimum time constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the cultural value placed on physical attractiveness, particularly in environments with high parasite loads?

    <p>Health concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do women commonly attract mates, according to the sex differences in mate attraction tactics?

    <p>Appearance enhancement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase do women's risk-taking behaviors reportedly decrease to lower the odds of sexual assault?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key solutions men adopt to facilitate short-term mating?

    <p>Relaxation of standards in short-term mates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does jealousy play in anti-cuckoldry tactics?

    <p>To enhance partner loyalty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological bias occurs when men mistakenly interpret a woman's smile as an indication of interest?

    <p>Sexual Overperception Bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of jealousy, which infidelity do men care about more, according to research?

    <p>Sexual infidelity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome is associated with a low sex ratio society where there are more women than men?

    <p>Higher rates of teen pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the "tipping-point" model for homosexuality suggest?

    <p>Homosexual tendencies can be influenced by genetic factors reaching a threshold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk associated with cuckoldry for men?

    <p>Investing resources in a rival man's child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Research indicates that jealousy manifests similarly in both men and women, but what aspect do women focus on more?

    <p>Emotional infidelity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An increase in female promiscuity is typically observed where?

    <p>Low sex ratio societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Clark and Hatfield's study reveal about male and female responses to sexual advances?

    <p>Men were more likely to accept invitations for sex than women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following potential costs of short-term mating (STM) for men was NOT mentioned?

    <p>Increased parental investment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Studies show that women achieve a stronger understanding of topics after exposure to stories about sexual assault while what other factor is present?

    <p>During ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was identified as a common preference for masculine traits in women during the mid-cycle period?

    <p>Facial and bodily masculinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the function of female infidelity according to the content?

    <p>It may be linked to obtaining good genes during the ovulation period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior is typically observed in lap dancers during their ovulation cycle?

    <p>They receive more tips when they dress more provocatively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is NOT one of the methods women use to avoid rape, according to McKibben and colleagues?

    <p>Engaging with unfamiliar men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotional response did women report in relation to short-term (ST) relationships as their number of partners increased?

    <p>Increased anxiety concerning ST relationship endings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor moderating women's attraction to extra-pair males during infidelity?

    <p>The primary partner's attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic associated with the traditional definition of oestrus?

    <p>Females exhibit increased sexual excitement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hypothesis suggests that rape contributes directly to male reproductive success?

    <p>Adaptation hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the common biases that generate sexual conflicts?

    <p>Sexual over-perception bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adaptation during ovulation is aimed at reducing risks associated with potential rape?

    <p>Formation of protective alliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do women generally prefer in mates during their fertile phase according to preference shifts?

    <p>Males with symmetrical features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a problem associated with men's strategies in short-term mating (STM)?

    <p>Larger investments lead to fewer potential partners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should females behave during oestrus according to the new definition?

    <p>Be choosy and selective about sexual partners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of sexual conflict described?

    <p>Mate Competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Relationship Maintenance

    • Conscious decisions can devalue attractive alternatives, like skipping a party when a partner is out of town
    • Lower-order processes like attention and memory affect whether you check out other people when with a partner.

    Women's Long-Term Mating Strategies

    • Trivers's (1972) Parental Investment Theory: The sex investing more in offspring is more selective in mate choice. The sex investing less competes for access to the high-investing sex.
    • Mate preferences are evolved psychological mechanisms directing adaptive behavior in mate selection.
    • Preferences are flexible, present in all sexually reproducing species, and demonstrate universal tendencies (though not universally identical across all groups).
    • Women seek loving, dependable, emotionally stable, and kind mates.

    Men's Long-Term Mating Strategies

    • Reproductive value is evaluated by the number of potential future offspring.
    • Factors: reproductive value, fecundity (physical ability to get pregnant), fertility (likelihood of conception), and correlated qualities that aren't explicitly reproductive.
    • Men prefer younger, beautiful women with a low waist-to-hip ratio.

    Mate Preferences (for Both Men and Women)

    • Both sexes value intelligence, income, status, kindness, and humor, in a mate.

    Structural Powerlessness Hypothesis

    • Women, typically excluded from power and resources, seek powerful and resource-rich mates.

    Mate Selection via "Mate Dollars"

    • People allocate "mate dollars" to different desirable characteristics, in order to choose a partner.

    Mate Copying

    • Women are more likely to find a man appealing if other women find him appealing.

    Cues to Ovulation

    • Physical characteristics of women, including facial features and dress, may become more attractive to men during the ovulation phase of the menstrual cycle.

    Sexual Conflict

    • Conflicts arise from differing evolutionary interests between men and women.

    Anti-Rape Adaptations

    • Women use various strategies to reduce risk of rape, including avoiding situations where they might be alone with an aggressive stranger.

    Women's Short-Term Mating Strategies (STM)

    • Women may engage in short-term mating if the benefits outweigh the costs.

    Sex Differences in Mate Selection

    • Men and women differ in their priorities for a mate in both short and long-term contexts.

    High Sex Ratio Society

    • More men than women leads to more stable marriages and lower divorce rates.

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    Description

    Explore the dynamics of relationship maintenance and long-term mating strategies in this insightful quiz. Delve into concepts like Parental Investment Theory, mate selection mechanisms, and the evolutionary factors influencing men and women's mating preferences. Test your knowledge on how these theories shape relationship behaviors and choices.

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