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Questions and Answers
What is the primary driver of intrinsic motivation?
Which theory proposes that autonomy, competence, and relatedness are essential for motivation?
What type of motivation is driven by external factors such as rewards and recognition?
Which of the following is a personal factor that influences motivation?
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What is the primary focus of the Goal-Setting Theory?
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What is the term for the optimal experience of engagement and enjoyment in an activity?
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What is the primary focus of motivation in the context of education?
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What is the cycle that describes the relationship between motivation and performance?
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Study Notes
Types of Motivation
- Intrinsic Motivation: personal interest, enjoyment, or satisfaction in an activity
- Extrinsic Motivation: external factors, such as rewards, recognition, or social pressure
Theories of Motivation
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: five levels of needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization
- Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory: hygiene factors (extrinsic) and motivator factors (intrinsic)
- Self-Determination Theory: autonomy, competence, and relatedness as essential for motivation
- Goal-Setting Theory: specific, challenging, and attainable goals enhance motivation
Motivational Factors
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Personal Factors:
- Personality traits (e.g., conscientiousness, extraversion)
- Self-efficacy and confidence
- Past experiences and achievements
-
Environmental Factors:
- Feedback and recognition
- Social support and pressure
- Task autonomy and variety
Motivation and Performance
- Motivation-Performance Cycle: motivation → effort → performance → motivation
- Goal Orientation: mastery-oriented (intrinsic) vs. performance-oriented (extrinsic)
- Flow: optimal experience of engagement and enjoyment, characterized by challenge-skill balance and focus
Motivation in Different Contexts
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Workplace Motivation:
- Job satisfaction and engagement
- Leadership and organizational factors
-
Education Motivation:
- Intrinsic motivation for learning
- Teacher and peer support
-
Sports and Exercise Motivation:
- Intrinsic motivation for enjoyment
- External rewards and recognition
Types of Motivation
- Intrinsic motivation is driven by personal interest, enjoyment, or satisfaction in an activity
- Extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors, such as rewards, recognition, or social pressure
Theories of Motivation
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs consists of five levels of needs, ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization
- Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory distinguishes between hygiene factors (extrinsic) and motivator factors (intrinsic)
- Self-Determination Theory identifies autonomy, competence, and relatedness as essential for motivation
- Goal-Setting Theory states that specific, challenging, and attainable goals enhance motivation
Motivational Factors
Personal Factors
- Personality traits, such as conscientiousness and extraversion, influence motivation
- Self-efficacy and confidence impact motivation
- Past experiences and achievements shape motivation
Environmental Factors
- Feedback and recognition contribute to motivation
- Social support and pressure influence motivation
- Task autonomy and variety enhance motivation
Motivation and Performance
- The Motivation-Performance Cycle consists of motivation → effort → performance → motivation
- Mastery-oriented goals (intrinsic) and performance-oriented goals (extrinsic) differ in their focus
- Flow is an optimal experience of engagement and enjoyment, characterized by challenge-skill balance and focus
Motivation in Different Contexts
Workplace Motivation
- Job satisfaction and engagement are critical for motivation
- Leadership and organizational factors impact motivation
Education Motivation
- Intrinsic motivation is essential for learning
- Teacher and peer support influence motivation
Sports and Exercise Motivation
- Intrinsic motivation is driven by enjoyment
- External rewards and recognition also motivate
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Description
Understand the different types of motivation, including intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and learn about motivational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory.
