Psychology of Motivation
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'motivation' originate from?

The Latin word 'movere', which means to move.

Which of these is NOT a component of motivation?

  • Effort
  • Intelligence (correct)
  • Persistence
  • Direction

    • Motivation produces goal-directed behavior.

    True

    Motivation can be either positive or negative.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Motivation is the same as job satisfaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the relationship between human needs and incentives in motivation.

    <p>Motivation arises from the interplay between a person's needs and the incentives available. Needs create tension, prompting individuals to engage in activities that aim to fulfill those needs. Incentives, such as rewards or recognition, provide motivation to fulfill these needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of motivation in the learning process?

    <p>Motivation is crucial for learning, as it fosters the arousal of interest and encourages continued engagement with the subject matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of an intrinsic motivator?

    <p>Feeling challenged by the work itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core principle of the 'carrot and stick' approach to motivation?

    <p>It utilizes a combination of rewards (carrot) and punishments (stick) to motivate people to perform desired tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Briefly explain Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory.

    <p>This theory proposes that humans have a hierarchy of needs, with the most basic needs (physiological and safety) requiring satisfaction before higher-level needs (social, esteem, and self-actualization) become motivating factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Maslow, a satisfied need is no longer a motivator.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Maslow's Need Hierarchy theory and Alderfer's ERG theory?

    <p>Alderfer's ERG theory simplifies Maslow's hierarchy by condensing the five needs into three categories (existence, relatedness, and growth) and suggests that these needs are not always rigid in their hierarchy, allowing for a more flexible approach to motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to ERG theory, a person can work on fulfilling growth needs even if their existence needs are not completely satisfied.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Motivation

    • Motivation is derived from the Latin word "movere," meaning to move.
    • Anything initiating or sustaining activity is a motive.
    • It's an inner state energizing, activating, or directing behavior towards goals.

    Components of Motivation

    • Direction: What a person is trying to achieve.
    • Effort: How hard a person is striving.
    • Persistence: How long a person keeps trying.

    Nature of Motivation

    • Internal feeling.
    • Goal-directed behavior.
    • Continuous process.
    • Complex.
    • System-oriented.
    • Positive or negative.
    • Different from job satisfaction.

    Human Needs

    • Motivation is the interaction of human needs and incentives.
    • Needs create tension, prompting actions to relieve the tension.
    • Successful action satisfies the need and releases tension.
    • Unsuccessful action creates frustration, potentially leading to irrational behavior.

    Needs Motivating Human Beings

    • Organic/Physiological Needs: Basic needs for survival (food, shelter).
    • Wants: Personal preferences (e.g., food tastes, activities).
    • Emotions: Fear and anger can influence actions.

    Feelings and Attitudes

    • Pleasant experiences lead to approach behaviors.
    • Unpleasant experiences lead to withdrawal behaviors.

    Social Motives

    • Social approval is a strong human desire.
    • People try to improve personality (e.g., appearance, knowledge) to gain social approval.

    Functions of Motivation

    • Encourages learning activities (e.g., prizes).
    • Selects the type of activity (e.g., course selection).
    • Directs and regulates behavior (e.g., school discipline).

    Significance of Motivation

    • Motivating learners to increase interest in learning is crucial.
    • Teachers find suitable stimuli to maintain learner interest.

    Types of Motivation

    • Intrinsic Motivation: Self-generated factors (interest, autonomy, challenge).
    • Extrinsic Motivation: External factors (rewards, punishments).

    Importance of Motivation in Extension

    • Mobilizing villagers and extension workers.
    • Need-based approach to motivate people for development.
    • Involvement of farmers in development programmes.

    Carrot and Stick Approaches

    • Based on reward (carrot) and punishment (stick).
    • Motivates by positive incentives or negative consequences.
    • Affects internal organization environment.

    Need Hierarchy Theory (Maslow)

    • Humans have needs arranged in a hierarchy.
    • Lower-level needs must be met before higher-level needs become a motivator.
    • Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
    • Physiological needs are finite, higher-order needs are infinite.

    ERG Theory (Alderfer)

    • Condenses Maslow's five needs into three: existence, relatedness, and growth.
    • Needs can operate simultaneously and are not hierarchical.
    • Frustration in one need can lead to a re-emergence of lower-level needs.

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    Related Documents

    Motivation PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate components of motivation, including its definition, nature, and the human needs that drive behavior. Understand how motivation plays a crucial role in directing efforts towards achieving goals and the impact of successful or unsuccessful actions on human behavior.

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