Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for the process of transferring sensory information into memory?
What is the term for the process of transferring sensory information into memory?
What is the capacity of long-term memory?
What is the capacity of long-term memory?
According to the dual coding hypothesis, what is easier to remember?
According to the dual coding hypothesis, what is easier to remember?
What is the term for the process of retrieving information from long-term memory?
What is the term for the process of retrieving information from long-term memory?
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What is the term for the changing of memories every time we retrieve them?
What is the term for the changing of memories every time we retrieve them?
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Who argued that children aren't miniature adults and actively construct their understanding of the world?
Who argued that children aren't miniature adults and actively construct their understanding of the world?
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What is the term for the problem of 2 pieces of information interfering with each other in memory?
What is the term for the problem of 2 pieces of information interfering with each other in memory?
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What is the term for the ability to solve well-defined and ill-defined problems?
What is the term for the ability to solve well-defined and ill-defined problems?
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What type of support involves sharing information with others or giving advice?
What type of support involves sharing information with others or giving advice?
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What is the term for a person's social position in society?
What is the term for a person's social position in society?
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What occurs when an individual cannot carry out all the obligations of a particular status?
What occurs when an individual cannot carry out all the obligations of a particular status?
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What type of groups are characterized by close, personal relationships and a sense of belonging?
What type of groups are characterized by close, personal relationships and a sense of belonging?
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Who studied the nature of people's interactions and developed the dramaturgical approach?
Who studied the nature of people's interactions and developed the dramaturgical approach?
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What is the term for conflict between two different statuses?
What is the term for conflict between two different statuses?
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What type of support involves financial support, goods, or services?
What type of support involves financial support, goods, or services?
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What is the term for groups that are formal and business-like, often formed to accomplish a specific task?
What is the term for groups that are formal and business-like, often formed to accomplish a specific task?
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What is macrosociology concerned with?
What is macrosociology concerned with?
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What is the primary focus of microsociology?
What is the primary focus of microsociology?
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What is the role of social institutions in society?
What is the role of social institutions in society?
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What is meant by the 'hidden curriculum' in education?
What is meant by the 'hidden curriculum' in education?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of social institution mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of social institution mentioned in the text?
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What is emphasized in the small nuclear family?
What is emphasized in the small nuclear family?
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What is a key aspect of social institutions, according to sociologists?
What is a key aspect of social institutions, according to sociologists?
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Which three social institutions are mentioned as fundamental to society?
Which three social institutions are mentioned as fundamental to society?
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What is a demographic structure that looks at different age groups?
What is a demographic structure that looks at different age groups?
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What percentage of the population is estimated to be above 65 by 2025?
What percentage of the population is estimated to be above 65 by 2025?
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What is the term for a socially defined category based on physical differences between groups of people?
What is the term for a socially defined category based on physical differences between groups of people?
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What is the term for groups defined by shared language, religion, nationality, history, or other cultural factors?
What is the term for groups defined by shared language, religion, nationality, history, or other cultural factors?
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What is the term for the process of encouraging racial and ethnic variation?
What is the term for the process of encouraging racial and ethnic variation?
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What is the term for the process of ascribing a racial identity to members of a racial group they didn't identify with?
What is the term for the process of ascribing a racial identity to members of a racial group they didn't identify with?
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What can cause drastic events?
What can cause drastic events?
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What is the term for an age-based measurement that compares people above 65 not in the labour force to those who are?
What is the term for an age-based measurement that compares people above 65 not in the labour force to those who are?
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What is the primary focus of Conflict Theory in society?
What is the primary focus of Conflict Theory in society?
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Who proposed that society is shaped by war and conquest, and cultural/ethnic conflicts?
Who proposed that society is shaped by war and conquest, and cultural/ethnic conflicts?
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What is the central argument of Social Constructionism?
What is the central argument of Social Constructionism?
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What is the main criticism of Social Constructionism?
What is the main criticism of Social Constructionism?
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What is the primary focus of Symbolic Interactionism?
What is the primary focus of Symbolic Interactionism?
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What is the main idea behind the stages of society proposed by Karl Marx?
What is the main idea behind the stages of society proposed by Karl Marx?
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What is the main difference between weak and strong Social Constructionism?
What is the main difference between weak and strong Social Constructionism?
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What is the role of social agreement in Social Constructionism?
What is the role of social agreement in Social Constructionism?
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Study Notes
Cognitive Psychology
- Working memory: the information you're thinking about at the moment
- Dual coding hypothesis: easier to remember words associated with images than either one alone
- Long-term memory: unlimited capacity, 2 main categories: explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative)
- Encoding: transferring sensory information into memory
- Retrieval Cues: anytime you pull something out of long-term memory, you're engaging in retrieval
- Memory Reconstruction: brain doesn't save memories exactly, changing them in small ways each time we retrieve them
- Long Term Potentiation and Synaptic Plasticity: strengthens connections between neurons
- Decay and Interference: problems that can occur in memory retrieval
Cognitive Development and Problem Solving
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development: children construct their understanding of the world as they grow
- Problem Solving: we are excellent problem solvers, with well-defined and ill-defined problems
Social Interactions and Support
- Social Support: major determinant of health and well-being, with four types: esteem, informational, tangible, and companionship support
- Status: social position in society, with multiple statuses affecting interactions
- Role Strain and Role Conflict: tensions within or between statuses
- Primary and Secondary Groups: close relationships (primary) vs. formal and business-like relationships (secondary)
Macrosociology and Social Institutions
- Macrosociology: large-scale perspective, looking at big phenomena that affect a large part of the population
- Microsociology: face-to-face interactions, families, schools, and other social interactions
- Social Institutions: essential parts of society, guiding individual behavior
- Education, Family, and Religion: fundamental institutions shaping society and individuals
Conflict Theory and Social Constructionism
- Conflict Theory: focuses on inequalities between groups in society
- Social Constructionism: argues that people actively shape their reality through social interactions
- Symbolic Interactionism: takes a small-scale view of society, focusing on everyday interactions
Demographics and Demographic Structure of Society
- Age Cohorts: groups of people living through the same events in a certain time period
- Demographic Structure of Society: looks at different age groups and their impact on society
- Race and Ethnicity: socially defined categories, with racial formation theory looking at forces resulting in racially constructed identities
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of memory, including working memory, the dual coding hypothesis, and long-term memory. Learn about the different stages and types of memory!
