Psychology of Love Experiences Study
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Questions and Answers

Which factors are identified as influencing love experiences in the study?

  • Modernization, individualism, and cultural diversity
  • Religious beliefs, modernization, and familial traditions
  • Economic stability, political freedom, and gender roles
  • Collectivism, gender equality, and modernization (correct)

Which factor was found to be greater in women compared to men?

  • Relationship length
  • Intimacy (correct)
  • Passion
  • Commitment

How many countries were included in the research on love experiences?

  • 45 (correct)
  • 50
  • 60
  • 30

What is the relationship between intimacy and the Human Development Index (HDI)?

<p>Intimacy levels vary with HDI. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a focus of the study conducted by Sorokowski et al.?

<p>The role of individualism in love experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What trend is associated with relationship length according to the findings?

<p>Longer relationships result in less intimacy and passion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What methodology did the researchers likely use to gather data about love experiences?

<p>Surveys and questionnaires across various cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gender was found to exhibit higher levels of passion?

<p>Men (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of social dynamics does the research correlate with love experiences?

<p>Modernization and collectivism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested for future research regarding modernization components?

<p>To analyze how different components of modernization influence intimacy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential implication of the study's findings?

<p>Cultural factors significantly shape love experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the overall trend observed regarding intimacy in societies with higher modernization indexes?

<p>Increasing role of intimacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain of psychology does this study most likely fall under?

<p>Cross-cultural psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three universal factors identified in the study?

<p>Communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dimension of gender dynamics is explored in the context of love experiences?

<p>Gender equality and societal expectations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the findings, which aspect tends to correlate positively with higher commitment?

<p>Intimacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual has the highest number associated with their name?

<p>Ignacio Estevan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who among the following is associated with the number 38?

<p>Trinh Thi Linh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual listed is linked with the number 1?

<p>Marcin Czub (A), Tomasz Frackowiak (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lowest number associated with any individual in the list?

<p>11 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual has a double-digit number ending in 7?

<p>Georgina R. Lennard (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who has a number that is a multiple of 5?

<p>Alvaro Mailhos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual has the number 20 associated with them?

<p>Seda Can (A), Seda Dural (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the individual linked with the number 6.

<p>Torun Lindholm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of love according to Sternberg's theory?

<p>Intimacy, passion, commitment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of love involves closeness and caring?

<p>Intimacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'assortative mating' refer to?

<p>Choosing mates similar to oneself (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been shown to influence social proximity and emotional expressiveness in relationships?

<p>Environmental temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common traits of romantic partners typically correlated with?

<p>Positive traits like attractiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features is generally regarded as attractive across cultures?

<p>Youthful appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one aspect that the Triangular Love Scale investigates?

<p>Levels of intimacy, passion, and commitment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might relationship length influence according to the content?

<p>The intensity of love components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) considered most attractive for females?

<p>0.70 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indicator of physical attractiveness, according to the given material?

<p>Symmetrical face (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In mate preferences, what do women tend to prioritize according to the data from 14,399 participants?

<p>Financial prospects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What waist-to-shoulder ratio (WSR) is typically analyzed in studies of male attractiveness?

<p>Around 0.80 or more (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which preference demonstrates a small sex difference in ideal mate qualities?

<p>Health, kindness, and intelligence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is located in Canada?

<p>University of British Columbia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country houses the University of Granada?

<p>Spain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the university that is in the Czech Republic.

<p>Palacky University in Olomouc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is found in Turkey?

<p>Istanbul University (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is associated with the city of Tbilisi?

<p>Free University of Tbilisi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is situated in India?

<p>University of Delhi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following universities is located in Malaysia?

<p>Universiti Utara Malaysia (C), University of Malaya (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the university that is in Serbia.

<p>University of Niš (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the University of Pécs?

<p>Hungary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is affiliated with the city of Lahore?

<p>University of the Punjab (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following universities is based in Slovenia?

<p>University of Ljubljana (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is located in the Netherlands?

<p>University of Amsterdam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the university situated in Greece.

<p>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the University of Havana?

<p>Cuba (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

List of Names

A collection of individual names

Marina Butovskaya Name

An individual in the list of names

Number Associations

Numbers associated with certain individuals

Seda Can

Individual in the provided list of names.

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Antonin Carrier

A person from a list of names.

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Izzet Duyar

One of the names in the list

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Ignacio Estevan

A person from a list of names

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Jorge Contreras Garduño

A person from the list of names

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Modernization

The process of social and economic change that transforms a society.

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Collectivism

Prioritizing the needs of the group over individual needs.

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Gender Equality

The belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities.

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Love Experiences

Different types of love and how people experience them.

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45 countries

A large number of countries used in a research study.

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Research Study

A systematic investigation of a topic to discover or explain.

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Piotr Sorokowski

One of the researchers or scientists involved in the research.

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Scientific Reports

Where the research paper is published.

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Composite Face

A face created by combining multiple individual faces, generally considered more attractive than any single face.

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Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR)

The ratio of a person's waist circumference to their hip circumference, considered a key factor in perceived attractiveness, with ideal ratios varying for men and women.

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Shoulder-to-Hip Ratio (SHR)

The ratio of a person's shoulder width to their hip width, another factor in perceived attractiveness, sometimes used alongside WHR.

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Status vs. Beauty

A concept highlighting that while physical attractiveness is important, factors like financial prospects, intelligence, kindness, and health are also considered valuable in mate preferences, especially for long-term relationships.

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Financial Prospects

A person's potential for future financial success, often considered a significant factor in mate preferences, particularly for women.

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Love Components

The three key elements that make up love: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

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Intimacy

The feeling of closeness, trust, and emotional connection in a relationship.

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Passion

The intense emotional and physical attraction between two people.

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Commitment

The decision to stick with a relationship, through good times and bad.

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Assortative Mating

The tendency for people to choose partners who are similar to themselves in various ways.

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Traits in Mate Choice

The specific characteristics that people find attractive in potential partners.

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Universal Attractiveness

Features that are widely considered attractive across different cultures and time periods.

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Young Face Attractiveness

People tend to find younger faces more attractive than older faces.

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University Affiliations

A list of universities and their corresponding affiliations.

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McKerchar

McKerchar is affiliated with the Australian National University.

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Norbert Meskó

Norbert Meskó is affiliated with the University of Pécs.

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Marija Pejičić

Marija Pejičić is associated with the University of Niš.

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Girishwar Misra

Girishwar Misra is affiliated with the University of Delhi

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Conal Monaghan

Conal Monaghan is associated with the Australian National University.

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Emanuel C. Mora

Emanuel C. Mora is associated with the University of Havana.

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Alba Moya‑Garófano

Alba Moya‑Garófano is affiliated with the University of Granada.

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University of Wrocław

Located in Wrocław, Poland.

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Cornell University

Located in Ithaca, NY, USA.

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University of Tartu

Located in Tartu, Estonia.

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Gulu University

Located in Gulu, Uganda.

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Middle East University

Located in Amman, Jordan.

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Stockholm University

Located in Stockholm, Sweden.

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University of Nigeria

Located in Nsukka, Nigeria.

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Intimacy in Modernization

The study found that societies with higher levels of modernization tend to have higher levels of intimacy in relationships. This suggests that modernization might be linked to increased focus on personal connection.

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Gender Differences in Love

The study observed significant gender differences in the experience of love. Women consistently reported higher levels of intimacy than men, while men showed higher levels of passion.

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Love and Relationship Length

As relationships grow longer, passionate love often decreases, but feelings of commitment and intimacy tend to remain.

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Universal Love Factors

The study identified three key factors that appear universal in the experience of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, the levels of these factors varied across different cultures.

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Love and Human Development Index (HDI)

The study found a positive correlation between the Human Development Index (a measure of social and economic progress) and the levels of intimacy reported in relationships.

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Research Focus on Modernization Components

Future research should investigate the specific components of modernization to understand which aspects have the strongest influence on the experience of love.

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Love: Western vs. Global

This research explored whether the concepts of intimacy, passion, and commitment in love are simply Western constructs or are universal across different cultures.

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The Three Universal Love Factors

The study identified three crucial factors that appear universally present in the experience of love, regardless of culture: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

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Study Notes

Chapter 9: Love and Romantic Relationships

  • This chapter explores love and romantic relationships, without assigned reading.
  • Learning objectives focus on understanding Sternberg's theory of love, attraction factors, and mate preferences.

Learning Objectives

  • Describe Sternberg's three defining features of love and their seven sub-types.
  • Explain traits that people find appealing in others.
  • Detail the impact of resources, status, and beauty on male and female mate preferences, and reasoning behind these choices.

Defining Love and Romantic Attraction

  • Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love: Love is composed of three elements:
    • Passion: Romantic attraction, sexual desire, strong feelings, physiological arousal, and lust.
    • Intimacy: Close bonding, emotional closeness, sharing.
    • Commitment: The decision of being in love and staying committed to another, over time.
  • Factor Analysis: A statistical method to group similar traits or behaviors into conceptual categories.

Types of Love

  • The three elements of love (intimacy, passion, and commitment) combine to create different types of love. These are visualized through a triangle diagram.

Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together, or Opposites Attract?

  • Assortative Mating: People tend to choose partners who are more similar to themselves than random chance would suggest.
  • Positive Correlation: The traits of couples often have a positive correlation, implying similar traits.
  • Horowitz et al. (2023): Studied partner correlations through 199 studies and the UK Biobank data, finding positive correlation for many traits (e.g., political views, smoking, education).

Who is Sexually Attractive?

  • Adornment: Variations in adornment across cultures and time, but certain features (symmetry, health) viewed attractive universally.
  • Young Faces: Generally considered more attractive than older faces.
  • Symmetry: More symmetrical faces/bodies are considered more attractive, sexy, and healthy.
  • Composite Faces: Composite faces (averaged from many faces) rated more attractive than individual ones.
  • Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR): Women with a WHR around 0.7 and men with a WHR around 0.8 are considered most attractive, but shape preference varies culturally.
  • Shoulder-to-Hip Ratio (SHR): and waist-to-shoulder ratio (WSR) are also considered in attractiveness.

Status vs. Beauty

  • 14,399 Participants' Preferences: Across 45 countries, men and women’s mate preferences (rated ideal match for a long-term partner) were analysed
  • Preference for Health, Kindness and Intelligence: Men and women show similar preferences.
  • Physical Attractiveness: A key factor for both sexes, but men usually prioritize this aspect more.
  • Financial Prospects: Women also place considerable importance on good financial prospects, and slightly older partners.

Other Considerations

  • Same-Sex Attraction: Same-sex attraction is common, but there is still less known about transgender and non-binary individuals.

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Related Documents

Chapter 9: Love and Romantic Relationship PDF

Description

This quiz explores the key factors influencing love experiences as identified in the study conducted by Sorokowski et al. Topics include gender differences in passion, the impact of the Human Development Index on intimacy, and trends related to relationship length. Test your understanding of the research methodology and implications of the findings.

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