Psychology of Decision Making
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Questions and Answers

How many decisions does the average adult make each day?

  • 15,000
  • 5,000
  • 25,000
  • 35,000 (correct)
  • Decision making involves only rational thought and analysis.

    False

    What is the cognitive process that involves making choices among different options?

    Decision making

    The average adult makes around ______ decisions a day.

    <p>35,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the decision scenarios with the appropriate responses:

    <p>See a shirt you like but can't afford = Decide not to steal it. Friend steals a shirt = Choose to speak up against stealing. Friend offers you alcohol = Decline the offer due to parental disapproval. Friends offer a vape = Choose to refuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT typically considered in decision making?

    <p>Astrological signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decision making does not change as a person ages.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does decision making involve besides statistical analysis?

    <p>Cognitive processes and emotional influences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is primarily involved in decision making?

    <p>Prefrontal Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Orbitofrontal Cortex is active when anticipating rewards and inactive during punishments.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does 'temptation blindness' have on teenagers' decision-making?

    <p>It makes them prioritize immediate rewards over long-term consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During adolescence, the connections between the Orbitofrontal Cortex, Dorsolateral Frontal Cortex, Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Hippocampus, and _______ are still forming.

    <p>Amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following brain regions activates when facing a negative outcome from a decision?

    <p>Anterior Cingulate Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the brain regions with their functions related to decision making:

    <p>Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex = Relays information from memory and emotion Anterior Cingulate Cortex = Activates with negative outcomes Orbitofrontal Cortex = Helps decide based on rewards Amygdala = Involved in emotional decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Teenagers have fully developed impulse control compared to adults.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Stoplight task' and how did teenagers perform on it with and without peers present?

    <p>The 'Stoplight task' tests impulsivity; teenagers made riskier decisions with peers present and more cautious decisions without them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychology of Decision Making

    • The average adult makes approximately 35,000 decisions daily.
    • Decision-making is a cognitive process analyzed through statistical and experimental methods.
    • Biases, reason, emotions, and memories influence decisions.

    Decision Time

    • Students are asked to discuss decisions with partners.
    • Students must explain their reasons for the decision.
    • Decisions will be discussed as a class.
    • Scenarios will be presented.
    • Students will discuss what they would do in each scenario.

    Scenario 1: The Shirt

    • A student sees a desired shirt in a store, but doesn't have enough money, and the security tag is missing.
    • Scenario asks what to do.
    • This is a decision point related to impulse control, values, and ethics.

    Scenario 2: The Stolen Shirt

    • A student's friend steals a shirt and asks what to do.
    • The student knows the behavior is wrong but doesn't want to expose the friend by reporting it.
    • The scenario is about upholding friendships, loyalty, and ethical decisions

    Scenario 3: Drinking Alcohol

    • A student's friend tries to drink alcohol, knowing the parents disapprove of underage drinking.
    • The student knows this behavior is wrong.
    • Scenario presents a choice related to personal safety and ethical decision making

    Scenario 4: The Date & Concert

    • A student has a date and a friend offers a concert ticket.
    • The student has to choose between the date and the concert.
    • The task weighs the values of a romantic relationship and the value of personal interests.

    Scenario 5: Smoking After-school

    • A student's friend offers a puff from an electronic cigarette (vape) at a store after school.
    • Student has to make a decision regarding personal health, peer pressure, and the potential risks involved in vaping.

    Decision Making and Age

    • Decision-making changes with age.
    • Pre-frontal cortex development affects adolescents.
    • Teenagers rely more on emotional responses.
    • It is important to consider the emotional aspects of teenage decision-making.

    Teenage Brain

    • The prefrontal cortex is still developing in teenagers.
    • Connections between brain regions are still forming.
    • This impacts decision-making, making teenagers more vulnerable to emotional responses.
    • Teens often prioritize immediate rewards (“temptation blindness”) over future consequences.

    Teenagers and Decisions

    • The amygdala plays a greater role in teenage decisions.
    • Emotional responses heavily influence decisions due to the still-developing prefrontal cortex.
    • This influences teenagers to make emotionally charged choices.

    Peer Pressure and Decision Making

    • Adolescent behavior is influenced by peers, leading to risky choices.
    • Impulse control is lower when among peers.
    • Teenagers may make riskier decisions due to peer influence.
    • The Stoplight task assesses risk-taking behavior.
    • The results demonstrate a peer effect.

    Decision Making Strategies

    • There are different strategies for decision making
    • Example decision strategies include: Single-Feature Model, Additive Feature Model, and Elimination by Aspects Model

    The Single-Feature Model

    • Making a decision based on only one important factor.
    • Example: Choosing a snack based solely on cost.

    The Additive Feature Model

    • Evaluating all critical factors of various choices.
    • Example: Using this approach to compare multiple features of electronics when choosing which one to purchase.

    The Elimination by Aspects Model

    • Eliminating each choice based on critical features and prioritizing the most valuable characteristics.
    • Example: Evaluating multiple colleges, first eliminating schools that don't meet certain academic standards.

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    Description

    Dive into the intricate world of decision-making in psychology. This quiz explores factors influencing choices, including biases, emotions, and ethical dilemmas through engaging scenarios. Join discussions with peers to analyze and justify your decisions in various situations.

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