Psychology Memory Concepts

Memory

• Absentmindedness: Lapses in memory caused by breaks in attention or focus elsewhere.
• Acoustic Encoding: Input of sounds, words, and music.
• Amnesia: Loss of long-term memory due to disease, trauma, or psychological trauma.
• Anterograde Amnesia: Loss of memory for events after brain trauma.
• Arousal Theory: Strong emotions trigger stronger memories; weaker emotions create weaker memories.
• Atkinson-Shiffrin Model: Memory processing through sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
• Automatic Processing: Encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words.
• Bias: Feelings and world views distorting memory of past events.
• Blocking: Memory error preventing access to stored information.
• Chunking: Organizing information into manageable units.
• Construction: Formulation of new memories.
• Declarative Memory: Long-term memory of facts and events personally experienced.
• Effortful Processing: Encoding of information requiring effort and attention.
• Elaborative Rehearsal: Considering the meaning of new information and its relation to existing knowledge.
• Encoding: Input of information into the memory system.
• Engram: Physical trace of memory.
• Episodic Memory: Type of declarative memory containing information about personally experienced events (also called autobiographical memory).
• Equipotentiality Hypothesis: Damaged brain areas may be taken over by other parts in memory formation.
• Explicit Memory: Conscious recall and remembering of specific memories.
• False Memory Syndrome: Recall of false autobiographical memories.
• Flashbulb Memory: Vivid, clear recollection of an important event.
• Forgetting: Loss of information from long-term memory.
• Implicit Memory: Memories that are not consciously recalled.
• Levels of Processing: Deeper processing leads to more meaningful and better-stored memories.
• Long-Term Memory (LTM): Continuous storage of information.
• Memory: Processes of encoding, storing, and retrieving information over time.
• Memory-enhancing Strategy: Techniques to move information from short-term to long-term memory.
• Misattribution: Confusing the source of information.
• Misinformation Effect: Mistaking misinformation for original details.
• Mnemonic Device: Aids organizing information for storage.
• Persistence: Involuntary recall of unwanted, often unpleasant, memories.
• Proactive Interference: Old information hindering new information recall.
• Procedural Memory: Long-term memories for doing things (e.g., riding a bike, playing an instrument).
• Recall: Accessing information without cues.
• Recognition: Identifying previously learned information with cues.
• Reconstruction: Bringing up old memories that might be inaccurate due to the influence of new information.
• Rehearsal: Repetition of information for better memorization.
• Relearning: Learning previously learned information again.
• Retrieval: Retrieving information from long-term memory.
• Retroactive Interference: Newly learned information hindering recall of older information.
• Retrograde Amnesia: Loss of memory for events preceding brain trauma.
• Self-Reference Effect: Better memory for information related to oneself.
• Semantic Encoding: Inputting the meanings of words.
• Semantic Memory: Declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge.
• Sensory Memory: Brief storage of sensory input (sights, sounds, tastes).
• Short-Term Memory (STM): Temporary storage of information, holds about 7 items.
• Storage: Permanent record of information.
• Suggestibility: Misinformation from external sources leading to false memory creation.
• Transience: Memory fading over time due to lack of use.
• Visual Encoding: Inputting images.

Explore key concepts related to memory in psychology, including types of amnesia, encoding processes, and theories that explain how we remember. This quiz covers essential terms and models that shape our understanding of memory functions.